Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Gabriela Lupusoru, Ioana Ailincai, Georgiana Fratila, Oana Ungureanu, Andreea Andronesi, Mircea Lupusoru, Mihaela Banu, Ileana Vacaroiu, Constantin Dina, Ioanel Sinescu
Summary: Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) is a common cause of acute kidney injury in cancer patients. Identifying at-risk patients and preventive treatment are essential. TLS can occur spontaneously or be triggered by anti-tumor therapies, leading to electrolyte and metabolic disturbances with potential life-threatening consequences.
Article
Oncology
Ari Pelcovits, Jozal Moore, Brianna Bakow, Rabin Niroula, Pamela Egan, John L. Reagan
Summary: Our study showed that outpatient ramp up of venetoclax in combination with HMAs for the treatment of AML is safe, with a very low risk of laboratory TLS (2.5%) and no evidence of clinical TLS within our cohort.
SUPPORTIVE CARE IN CANCER
(2021)
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yaping Chang, Gordon H. Guyatt, Trevor Teich, Jamie L. Dawdy, Shaneela Shahid, Jessica K. Altman, Richard M. Stone, Mikkael A. Sekeres, Sudipto Mukherjee, Thomas W. LeBlanc, Gregory A. Abel, Christopher S. Hourigan, Mark R. Litzow, Laura C. Michaelis, Shabbir M. H. Alibhai, Pinkal Desai, Rena Buckstein, Janet MacEachern, Romina Brignardello-Petersen
Summary: The study compared the effectiveness and safety of intensive antileukemic therapy to less-intensive therapy in older adults with acute myeloid leukemia, and found that intensive therapy may lead to longer survival and higher probability of receiving allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, but also increase the risk of severe, treatment-emergent adverse events and longer duration of intensive care unit hospitalization.
Article
Oncology
Kayla Flood, Jacob Rozmus, Peter Skippen, Douglas G. Matsell, Cherry Mammen
Summary: This study analyzed the incidence of fluid overload (FO) and acute kidney injury (AKI) among 56 pediatric patients with Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS). Severe FO and AKI were common complications associated with increased morbidity, leading to a significant increase in PICU admission and the need for renal replacement therapy. Further prospective, multicenter studies are necessary to better understand the burden of FO and AKI in this vulnerable population.
PEDIATRIC BLOOD & CANCER
(2021)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Andrea Montisci, Vittorio Palmieri, Jennifer E. Liu, Maria T. Vietri, Silvia Cirri, Francesco Donatelli, Claudio Napoli
Summary: The increasing number of cancer survivors is attributed to more effective therapies, but chemotherapy regimens are often toxic, especially causing cardiac damage. Mechanisms of chemotherapy-induced cardiac toxicity include direct myocyte damage, arrhythmia induction, coronary vasospasm, and accelerated atherosclerosis. Management of critically ill cancer patients with acute cardiac toxicity poses a unique challenge, as there is no etiologic therapy available and only supportive measures can be implemented.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Romeo G. Mihaila
Summary: This study analyzed the efficacy and safety of venetoclax in the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia. The results showed that venetoclax-based combinations were able to improve outcomes for older patients, including remission rates and overall survival. However, venetoclax resistance and adverse effects should also be taken into consideration.
RECENT PATENTS ON ANTI-CANCER DRUG DISCOVERY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Christy J. Khouderchah, Lydia L. Benitez, Bernard L. Marini, Martina Fraga, Kristen Pettit, Patrick W. Burke, Dale L. Bixby, Anthony J. Perissinotti
Summary: This study analyzed the incidence of tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) treated with hypomethylating agents (HMAs) and venetoclax, with or without a dose ramp-up. The findings suggest that a dose ramp-up may not be necessary in AML patients, as the incidence of TLS was similar between the two groups.
LEUKEMIA & LYMPHOMA
(2023)
Article
Hematology
Mohamed L. Sorror, Barry E. Storer, Amir T. Fathi, Andrew Brunner, Aaron T. Gerds, Mikkael A. Sekeres, Sudipto Mukherjee, Bruno C. Medeiros, Eunice S. Wang, Pankit Vachhani, Paul J. Shami, Esteban Pena, Mahmoud Elsawy, Kehinde Adekola, Selina Luger, Maria R. Baer, David Rizzieri, Tanya M. Wildes, Jamie Koprivnikar, Julie Smith, Mitchell Garrison, Kiarash Kojouri, Wendy Leisenring, Lynn Onstad, Jennifer E. Nyland, Pamela S. Becker, Jeannine S. McCune, Stephanie J. Lee, Brenda M. Sandmaier, Frederick R. Appelbaum, Elihu H. Estey
Summary: The study found that less-intensive induction therapies in older patients with AML were associated with higher mortality risks, but after adjusting for age, physician-assigned KPS, and chance of cure, mortality risks and QOL were similar. Patients receiving less-intensive therapies had shorter lengths of hospitalization. Randomized trials are needed to better assess the value of less-intensive and intensive therapies in older or medically infirm patients.
Article
Immunology
Marina Caballero-Bellon, Anna Alonso-Saladrigues, Sara Bobillo-Perez, Anna Faura, Laura Arques, Cristina Rivera, Albert Catala, Jose Luis Dapena, Susana Rives, Iolanda Jordan
Summary: CAR-T-cell CD19 therapy is an effective treatment for relapsed/refractory B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. However, it can lead to life-threatening toxicities that often require admission to the PICU. This study aims to describe the clinical characteristics, treatment, and outcome of these patients. The results showed that the main reason for PICU admission after CAR-T therapy was cytokine release syndrome, and supportive treatment was effective in managing and improving survival. Some patients may experience a fulminant course with CAR-T-associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Noboru Asada, Jun Ando, Satoru Takada, Chikashi Yoshida, Kensuke Usuki, Atsushi Shinagawa, Kenichi Ishizawa, Toshihiro Miyamoto, Hiroatsu Iida, Nobuaki Dobashi, Sumiko Okubo, Hideyuki Honda, Tomomi Soshin, Yasuko Nishimura, Atsuko Tsutsui, Harumi Mukai, Kazuhito Yamamoto
Summary: This expanded access study in Japan showed that venetoclax plus low-dose cytarabine had a manageable safety profile in Japanese patients with untreated acute myeloid leukemia who were ineligible for standard intensive induction chemotherapy, with similar outcomes to the previous VIALE-C clinical trial.
JAPANESE JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Anis Chaba, Sofiane Fodil, Virginie Lemiale, Eric Mariotte, Sandrine Valade, Elie Azoulay, Lara Zafrani
Summary: This study retrospectively analyzed the clinical characteristics and long-term outcomes of 135 patients with aggressive lymphoproliferative malignancies and classified them into three groups. The study found that patients with the Warburg effect had a higher tumor burden and increased 1-year mortality compared to other groups, and were associated with factors such as age and total SOFA score at admission.
ANNALS OF INTENSIVE CARE
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Paraskevi C. Fragkou, Charalampos D. Moschopoulos, Emmanouil Karofylakis, Theodoros Kelesidis, Sotirios Tsiodras
Summary: Viral infections in the ICU can present with diverse clinical manifestations and may lead to severe diseases. The complex transmission routes and potential for hospital outbreaks highlight the importance of infection control measures. Limited progress in antiviral treatments has contributed to high rates of unfavorable outcomes for patients.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Li Wu, Ming Jin, Ruiqing Wang, Lihua Yang, Xiaorong Lai, Lihua Yu, Danna Lin, Lulu Huang, Yajie Zhang, Jingxin Zhang, Xu Liao, Juan Zi, Yuting Yuan, Yinghua Zeng, Ming Cheng, Shaohua Tao
Summary: This study analyzed prognostic factors and compared different scoring systems for predicting the outcome of children with acute leukemia complicated by sepsis in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). Remission status, lactate level, invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV), and inotropic support were found to be independent risk factors for mortality. The pediatric sequential organ failure assessment (PSOFA) score had the greatest predictive validity for hospital mortality. The findings suggest that scoring systems can help monitor the clinical status of children with acute leukemia and sepsis, enabling early detection and timely transfer to the PICU for supportive treatment to improve prognosis.
PEDIATRIC BLOOD & CANCER
(2023)
Article
Medical Laboratory Technology
Yung-Chieh Huang, Fang-Liang Huang, Shang-Feng Tsai, Sheng-Ling Jan, Lin-Shien Fu
Summary: Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) is a life-threatening condition that requires timely and accurate treatment. Accurate clinical interpretation of laboratory data is particularly important in cases of TLS.
CLINICAL BIOCHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Swaratika Majumdar, Neha Sharma, Manju Sengar, Jayashree Thorat, Lingaraj Nayak, Avinash Bonda, Bhausaheb Bagal, Akhil Rajendra, Amit Sethi, Hasmukh Jain
Summary: The objective of this study was to investigate the plasma uric acid response rate. The use of low-dose rasburicase led to rapid and sustained reductions in uric acid levels in approximately 52% of patients.
LEUKEMIA & LYMPHOMA
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Roberta Zanotti, Massimiliano Bonifacio, Giuseppe Lucchini, Wolfgang R. Sperr, Luigi Scaffidi, Bjoern van Anrooij, Hanneke N. C. Oude Elberink, Julien Rossignol, Olivier Hermine, Aleksandra Gorska, Magdalena Lange, Emir Hadzijusufovic, Cornelius Miething, Sabine Muller, Cecelia Perkins, William Shomali, Chiara Elena, Anja Illerhaus, Mohamad Jawhar, Roberta Parente, Francesca Caroppo, Oleksii Solomianyi, Alexander Zink, Mattias Mattsson, Akif Selim Yavuz, Jens Panse, Judit Varkonyi, Michael Doubek, Vito Sabato, Christine Breynaert, Vladan Vucinic, Tanja Schug, Hans Hagglund, Friederike Wortmann, Knut Brockow, Irena Angelova-Fischer, Anna Belloni Fortina, Massimo Triggiani, Andreas Reiter, Karin Hartmann, Luca Malcovati, Jason Gotlib, Khalid Shoumariyeh, Marek Niedoszytko, Michel Arock, Hanneke C. Kluin-Nelemans, Patrizia Bonadonna, Peter Valent
Summary: Bone marrow mastocytosis (BMM) is a provisional variant of indolent systemic mastocytosis (ISM) defined by bone marrow involvement and absence of skin lesions in the current WHO classification. BMM patients were older, predominantly male, had lower tryptase levels, lower neoplastic mast cell burden, and a higher frequency of allergic reactions triggered mainly by Hymenoptera compared to typical ISM patients. The 10-year progression-free survival of BMM was higher than that of typical ISM, and specific risk factors for progression in BMM patients were identified.
Article
Oncology
Christoph Kornauth, Tea Pemovska, Gregory Vladimer, Gunther Bayer, Michael Bergmann, Sandra Eder, Ruth Eichner, Martin Erl, Harald Esterbauer, Ruth Exner, Verena Felsleitner-Hauer, Maurizio Forte, Alexander Gaiger, Klaus Geissler, Hildegard T. Greinix, Wolfgang Gstoettner, Marcus Hacker, Bernd Lorenz Hartmann, Alexander W. Hauswirth, Tim Heinemann, Daniel Heintel, Mir Alireza Hoda, Georg Hopfinger, Ulrich Jaeger, Lukas Kazianka, Lukas Kenner, Barbara Kiesewetter, Nikolaus Krall, Gerhard Krajnik, Stefan Kubicek, Trang Le, Simone Lubowitzki, Marius E. Mayerhoefer, Elisabeth Menschel, Olaf Merkel, Katsuhiro Miura, Leonhard Muellauer, Peter Neumeister, Thomas Noesslinger, Katharina Ocko, Leopold Oehler, Michael Panny, Alexander Pichler, Edit Porpaczy, Gerald W. Prager, Markus Raderer, Robin Ristl, Reinhard Ruckser, Julius Salamon, Ana-Iris Schiefer, Ann-Sofie Schmolke, Ilse Schwarzinger, Edgar Selzer, Christian Sillaber, Cathrin Skrabs, Wolfgang R. Sperr, Ismet Srndic, Renate Thalhammer, Peter Valent, Emiel van der Kouwe, Katrina Vanura, Stefan Vogt, Cora Waldstein, Dominik Wolf, Christoph C. Zielinski, Niklas Zojer, Ingrid Simonitsch-Klupp, Giulio Superti-Furga, Berend Snijder, Philipp B. Staber
Summary: Personalized medicine using functional assays can be clinically feasible and effective in providing treatment guidance for patients with aggressive hematologic cancers, resulting in enhanced progression-free survival and exceptional responses lasting longer than expected for some patients.
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Nina Buchtele, Christian Schoergenhofer, Michael Schwameis, Bernd Jilma, Peter Schellongowski, Harald Herkner, Katharina Riss, Monika Schmid, Alexander Hermann, Oliver Robak, Bernhard Nagler, Ludwig Traby, Andja Bojic, Thomas Staudinger
Summary: This study investigated the safety and efficacy of PGE(1) in adults receiving venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). The results showed that PGE(1) can reduce thromboembolic events and clinically overt bleeding events, as well as prolong the time without bleeding and thromboembolism.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Marion Wiegele, Daniel Laxar, Eva Schaden, Andreas Baierl, Mathias Maleczek, Paul Knoebl, Martina Hermann, Alexander Hermann, Christian Zauner, Johannes Gratz
Summary: This study retrospectively analyzed the use of subcutaneous enoxaparin for systemic anticoagulation in COVID-19 patients undergoing extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. The results showed that enoxaparin was associated with lower rates of thromboembolic and hemorrhagic events compared to unfractionated heparin. The findings suggest that subcutaneous enoxaparin may be a successful alternative for anticoagulation in these patients.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Hematology
Olga Oleshko, Sonja Werwitzke, Annika Klingberg, Torsten Witte, Hermann Eichler, Robert Klamroth, Katharina Holstein, Christina Hart, Christian Pfrepper, Paul Knoebl, Richard Greil, Peter Neumeister, Birgit M. Reipert, Andreas Tiede
Summary: The root cause of autoantibody formation against FVIII in AHA is unclear. A diverse pattern of autoantibodies is associated with AHA, suggesting a more general breakdown of immune tolerance might be involved in its pathology.
Article
Hematology
Marie Scully, Javier de la Rubia, Katerina Pavenski, Ara Metjian, Paul Knoebl, Flora Peyvandi, Spero Cataland, Paul Coppo, Johanna A. Kremer Hovinga, Jessica Minkue Mi Edou, Rui De Passos Sousa, Filip Callewaert, Sriya Gunawardena, Julie Lin
Summary: Long-term follow-up supports the safety and efficacy of caplacizumab for iTTP and its repeated use for recurrences.
JOURNAL OF THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS
(2022)
Article
Hematology
Irene Graf, Georg Greiner, Rodrig Marculescu, Karoline Gleixner, Susanne Herndlhofer, Gabriele Stefanzl, Paul Knoebl, Ulrich Jaeger, Alexander Hauswirth, Ilse Schwarzinger, Renate Thalhammer, Michael Kundi, Gregor Hoermann, Gerlinde Mitterbauer-Hohendanner, Peter Valent, Wolfgang R. Sperr
Summary: Patient-related factors, including N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) levels, age, and the 2009 European LeukemiaNet (ELN-2009) classification, independently predict outcomes in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients receiving induction chemotherapy. Elevated NT-proBNP levels are associated with increased risk of induction failure, early death, and reduced overall survival (OS) in AML patients. These findings highlight the importance of considering cardiac disorders and NT-proBNP as prognostic factors in AML treatment.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HEMATOLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Hematology
Paul Knoebl
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Georg Gelbenegger, Ludwig Traby, Nina Rahimi, Paul Knoebl
Summary: This study presents a treatment approach for a 75-year-old male with severe Covid-19, acquired haemophilia A, and severe muscle bleeding. The treatment includes haemostatic therapy and immunosuppression. Different reagents are used to measure the activity of coagulation factor VIII, and recombinant human activated FVII and emicizumab are administered for haemostatic control. Steroids and rituximab are used for immunosuppression. The treatment is effective with no thromboembolic events.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Marija Bojic, Daniel Cejka, Bernhard Bielesz, Gerit-Holger Schernthaner, Clemens Hoebaus
Summary: This study investigates the association between the size of secondary calciprotein particles (CPP-II) and mortality in peripheral artery disease (PAD) patients. The results suggest that larger CPP-II size is significantly associated with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in this patient population, indicating its potential as a new feasible biomarker for the presence of media sclerosis.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Mathias Schneeweiss-Gleixner, Bernhard Scheiner, Georg Semmler, Mathias Maleczek, Daniel Laxar, Marlene Hintersteininger, Martina Hermann, Alexander Hermann, Nina Buchtele, Eva Schaden, Thomas Staudinger, Christian Zauner
Summary: This study retrospectively analyzed the nutrition support in COVID-19 patients requiring ECMO therapy and found that patients who achieved nutrition goals had higher ICU survival rate. Thus, providing adequate nutritional support is a major priority in the treatment of COVID-19 patients requiring ECMO support.
Article
Hematology
Andreas Tiede, Christina Hart, Paul Knoebl, Richard Greil, Johannes Oldenburg, Ulrich J. Sachs, Wolfgang Miesbach, Christian Pfrepper, Karolin Trautmann-Grill, Katharina Holstein, Jan Pilch, Patrick Moehnle, Christoph Schindler, Carmen Weigt, Dorothea Schipp, Marcus May, Christiane Dobbelstein, Fabius J. Pelzer, Sonja Werwitzke, Robert Klamroth
Summary: The study investigated the use of emicizumab, a factor VIIIa mimetic antibody, in preventing bleeding and deferring immunosuppression in patients with acquired haemophilia A. The results showed that emicizumab was effective in preventing bleeding and allowed patients to defer immunosuppression during the treatment period, indicating potential treatment advantages.
LANCET HAEMATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Hematology
Linus A. Voelker, Jessica Kaufeld, Gesa Balduin, Lena Merkel, Lucas Kuehne, Dennis A. Eichenauer, Thomas Osterholt, Holger Haegele, Martin Kann, Franziska Grundmann, Benedikt Kolbrink, Kevin Schulte, Anja Gaeckler, Andreas Kribben, Kristina Boss, Sebastian A. Potthoff, Lars C. Rump, Tilman Schmidt, Anja S. Muehlfeld, Karsten Schulmann, Matthias Hermann, Jens Gaedeke, Kristin Sauerland, Joern Bramstedt, Ulrich P. Hinkel, Wolfgang Miesbach, Frederic Bauer, Timm H. Westhoff, Heike Bruck, Veronika Buxhofer-Ausch, Tobias J. Mueller, Ralph Wendt, Ana Harth, Adrian Schreiber, Evelyn Seelow, Markus Toelle, Christopher Gohlisch, Markus Bieringer, Gesa Geuther, Wolfram J. Jabs, Michael Fischereder, Anke von Bergwelt-Baildon, Ulf Schoenermarck, Paul Knoebl, Jan Menne, Paul T. Brinkkoetter
Summary: This study retrospectively reviewed the use of von Willebrand factor-directed nanobody caplacizumab in the treatment of immune thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (iTTP). The results showed that caplacizumab was efficacious when used in the early stages of iTTP and until partial ADAMTS13-activity remission, leading to a reduction in mortality and hospital stay.
JOURNAL OF THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS
(2023)
Article
Hematology
Christian Pfrepper, Robert Klamroth, Johannes Oldenburg, Katharina Holstein, Hermann Eichler, Christina Hart, Patrick Moehnle, Kristina Schilling, Karolin Trautmann-Grill, Mohammed Alrifai, Cihan Ay, Wolfgang Miesbach, Paul Knoebl, Andreas Tiede
Summary: This study provides clinical practice recommendations on the use of emicizumab in acquired hemophilia A (AHA). The results show that emicizumab is effective for bleed prophylaxis and should be considered from the time of diagnosis. A fast-loading regimen of 6 mg/kg on day 1 and 3 mg/kg on day 2 should be used if rapid bleeding prophylaxis is required. Maintenance doses of 1.5 mg/kg once weekly should be given. Immunosuppression should be offered to eligible patients on emicizumab. Emicizumab should be discontinued when remission of AHA is achieved.
Article
Oncology
Tim Heinemann, Christoph Kornauth, Yannik Severin, Gregory Vladimer, Tea Pemovska, Emir Hadzijusufovic, Hermine Agis, Maria-Theresa Krauth, Wolfgang R. Sperr, Peter Valent, Ulrich Jager, Ingrid Simonitsch-Klupp, Giulio Superti-Furga, Philipp B. Staber, Berend Snijder
Summary: This study demonstrates the use of deep learning in identifying malignant and nonmalignant cells by morphology, improving drug screening for patients with hematologic cancers. The findings highlight the potential of deep learning-enhanced ex vivo drug screening in personalized treatment options.
BLOOD CANCER DISCOVERY
(2022)