Article
Ecology
Jessica T. Kansman, Saumik Basu, Clare L. Casteel, David W. Crowder, Benjamin W. Lee, Chad T. Nihranz, Deborah L. Finke
Summary: Drought reduces aphid performance on wheat plants, with a stronger negative effect observed under higher intensity of water stress. The plant response to water limitation varies depending on the measured trait. Water limitation affects amino acid concentration and sugar levels, but only under high stress intensity. Different levels of water stress also impact the expression of phytohormones and associated gene transcripts. Understanding these mechanisms can help predict aphid responses to climate change.
FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Jiahui Zhang, Huiyuan Li, Xue Zhong, Jinfu Tian, Arnaud Segers, Lanqin Xia, Frederic Francis
Summary: Grain aphid (Sitobion miscanthi) is a dominant and devastating insect pest in wheat, causing significant losses to wheat production. This study identified and characterized a potential RNAi target gene (SmDSR33) encoding a salivary protein in grain aphids. Transgenic wheat lines expressing dsRNA for targeted silencing of SmDSR33 were generated, and the feeding experiments showed attenuated expression levels of SmDSR33 in aphids and reduced fecundity, survival, and reproduction. Altered feeding behaviors were observed in electroneurography assays. The results suggest that SmDSR33 can be an effective RNAi target for wheat aphid control.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Agronomy
Maria Ciudad-Mulero, Maria Cruz Matallana-Gonzalez, Maria Jesus Callejo, Jose M. Carrillo, Patricia Morales, Virginia Fernandez-Ruiz
Summary: This study evaluated the mineral composition of different wheat varieties, finding higher concentrations of minerals in bran and whole grain flour, especially potassium and magnesium. The results suggest that some samples meet the conditions for approved health claims, potentially supporting the classification of wheat flour as functional foods.
Article
Entomology
Xiong Peng, Lang Liu, Yi-Xiao Huang, Su-Ji Wang, De-Xian Li, Shu-Ting Chen, Jean-Christophe Simon, Ming-Jing Qu, Mao-Hua Chen
Summary: This study focused on the role of chemosensory proteins (CSPs) in the host-location behavior of aphids, particularly in response to different Poaceae species. Results showed that CSPs, particularly CSP4, CSP5, and CSP6, play a key role in mediating aphid responses to host plant odors and volatile compounds. Various factors such as aphid morph, tissue, and starvation state also influence the expression patterns and effectiveness of CSPs in host-plant selection. These findings provide insights into the mechanism of host plant selection in herbivorous insects.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ping Gao, Siqian Zhang, Junjie Tan, Xinghao Li, Maohua Chen
Summary: In this study, it was found that the expression levels of Rhopalosiphum padi CSPs (RpCSPs) were significantly upregulated after exposure to thiamethoxam, and the suppression of RpCSP4 and RpCSP5 enhanced the susceptibility of R. padi to thiamethoxam. Molecular docking and fluorescence competitive binding demonstrated that RpCSP4 and RpCSP5 had high binding affinity for thiamethoxam. These results indicate that RpCSP4 and RpCSP5 are associated with insecticide resistance through high binding affinity to reduce insecticide toxicity.
PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Haicui Xie, Fengyu Shi, Jingshi Li, Miaomiao Yu, Xuetao Yang, Yun Li, Jia Fan
Summary: This study investigated the direct and indirect effects of elevated CO2 and drought stress on wheat nutritional quality, insect resistance, and grain aphid performance. The results showed that elevated CO2 alleviated water stress caused by drought and promoted soluble sugar accumulation, while drought increased amino acid content. The feeding of aphids induced resistance in wheat under both elevated CO2 and drought conditions. Overall, wheat damage by aphids is likely to remain unchanged under combined elevated CO2 and drier conditions in the future.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Ping Gao, Jun-Jie Tan, Sha Su, Su-Ji Wang, Xiong Peng, Mao-Hua Chen
Summary: This study found that Rhopalosiphum padi showed high resistance to Lambda-cyhalothrin, as well as cross-resistance to other pyrethroids. The overexpression of the RpCSP7 gene was identified as the main cause of resistance.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Fernando Tateo, Monica Bononi, Giulia Castorina, Salvatore Antonio Colecchia, Stefano De Benedetti, Gabriella Consonni, Filippo Geuna
Summary: This study provides a characterization of a wheat landrace called 'TB2018' and compares it with other cultivars. The results show that 'TB2018' exhibits visual and genetic similarities with the traditional variety 'Senatore Cappelli'. Several genes potentially linked to the distinctive traits of 'TB2018' were identified. This study lays the foundation for the potential utilization of 'TB2018' in cultivation and breeding of traditional cultivars.
Article
Agronomy
Jun Wang, Jia Song, Xiao-Bao Wu, Qian-Qian Deng, Zhong-Yan Zhu, Ming-Jian Ren, Mao Ye, Ren-Sen Zeng
Summary: The study found that seed pretreatment with calcium chloride extended aphid development time, reduced aphid population size, and improved plant resistance against wheat aphid attack by increasing Ca2+ concentration in wheat leaves and upregulating expression levels of certain genes related to defense responses. Callose concentration in the leaves of plants grown from CaCl2-pretreated seeds increased significantly upon aphid attack, with callose deposition mainly observed in the phloem.
PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Entomology
Belachew Asalf, Andrea Ficke, Ingeborg Klingen
Summary: The study revealed that aphid feeding predisposed wheat plants to fungal disease, but aphids preferred and reproduced better on leaves that had not been infected by the fungal pathogen. These findings are crucial in understanding the interactions between multiple pests on wheat and developing new strategies for integrated pest management in the future.
Article
Agronomy
Yuyin Zheng, Zhihan Feng, Jialong Wang, Xiaoman Huang, Li Lei, Xue Zhang, Huili Cao, Dandan Fan, Minjie Yao, Dejun Han, Xiangzhen Li
Summary: This study investigated the composition of prokaryotic communities in the root endosphere and rhizosphere of wheat and demonstrated significant interactive effects between wheat variety, location, and growth stage on prokaryotic community assembly in field conditions. Sample type had a predominant influence on the wheat-root associated prokaryotic community assembly, while location exerted stronger effects within each sample type. Wheat variety effects varied depending on location and growth stage, with Pseudomonas being enriched in the root endosphere and Bacillus in the rhizosphere.
Article
Agronomy
Nachaat Sakr
Summary: The study demonstrated that supplying silicon through soil and foliar applications can enhance the resistance of wheat against fungal diseases, particularly Fusarium head blight (FHB) pathogens. The application of silicon had a significant impact on moderately resistant wheat varieties, suggesting its potential as a valuable tool in disease management.
Article
Plant Sciences
Hasnaa Sammama, Mouaad Amine Mazri, Lahcen Ouahmane, Amal Sammama, Driss Hsissou, Mimoun El Kaoua, Mohamed Najib Alfeddy
Summary: Intercropping and co-inoculation enhanced mycorrhizal colonization, soil fertility, and plant growth, improving nutrient availability and increasing crop yield.
JOURNAL OF SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Zhaniya S. Batyrshina, Reut Shavit, Beery Yaakov, Samuel Bocobza, Vered Tzin
Summary: A combined transcriptomic, metabolic, and dual expression analysis was used to discover the MYB transcription factor that regulates benzoxazinoid biosynthesis in wheat. The study found that MYB31 functions as a regulator of benzoxazinoid biosynthesis genes and its silencing reduces benzoxazinoid levels and leads to susceptibility to herbivores. The study also revealed that MYB31 is co-expressed with benzoxazinoid-encoded genes under different biotic and environmental conditions. This study provides insights into the transcriptional regulation mechanism of benzoxazinoid biosynthesis in wheat.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2022)
Article
Biology
Jose Luis Casas, Aitor Sagarduy-Cabrera, Maria Lopez Santos-Olmo, M. Angeles Marcos-Garcia
Summary: The need for alternatives to synthetic pesticides, especially for controlling aphids, is a priority in modern agriculture. This study investigated the insecticidal potential of essential oils from Thymus vulgaris, Rosmarinus officinalis var. 'prostratus', and Lavandula dentata. The major components in the essential oils varied among the species, and thyme essential oil showed the highest mortality rate against aphids. These findings suggest that thyme essential oil has promising potential for integrated aphid management.