Journal
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
Volume 53, Issue 20, Pages 5044-5048Publisher
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/anie.201402108
Keywords
host-guest systems; memory; phase transitions; supramolecular chemistry; thermometer
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Funding
- Agence Nationale de la Recherche (STRAPA project) [ANR-12-BS08-0005]
- Ghent University (BOF)
- European Union (MC-CIG)
- Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR) [ANR-12-BS08-0005] Funding Source: Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR)
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A new class of polymeric thermometers with a memory function is reported that is based on the supramolecular host-guest interactions of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) with side-chain naphthalene guest moieties and the tetracationic macrocycle cyclobis(paraquat-p-phenylene) (CBPQT(4+)) as the host. This supramolecular thermometer exhibits a memory function for the thermal history of the solution, which arises from the large hysteresis of the thermoresponsive LCST phase transition (LCST=lower critical solution temperature). This hysteresis is based on the formation of a metastable soluble state that consists of the PNIPAM-CBPQT(4+) host-guest complex. When heated above the transition temperature, the polymer collapses, and the host-guest interactions are disrupted, making the polymer more hydrophobic and less soluble in water. Aside from providing fundamental insights into the kinetic control of supramolecular assemblies, the developed thermometer with a memory function might find use in applications spanning the physical and biological sciences.
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