Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Shuhao Lin, Sofia Cienfuegos, Mark Ezpeleta, Kelsey Gabel, Vasiliki Pavlou, Andrea Mulas, Kaitie Chakos, Mara McStay, Jackie Wu, Lisa Tussing-Humphreys, Shaina J. Alexandria, Julienne Sanchez, Terry Unterman, Krista A. Varady
Summary: This study compared time-restricted eating (TRE) with calorie restriction (CR) and control group to evaluate their effects on weight control and cardiometabolic risk reduction. The results showed that both TRE and CR were similarly effective in weight loss compared to the control group. However, in a racially diverse population, TRE was not more effective than CR.
ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Simon Birk Kjor Jensen, Charlotte Janus, Julie Rehne Lundgren, Christian Rimer Juhl, Rasmus Michael Sandsdal, Lisa Moller Olsen, Anne Andresen, Signe Amalie Borg, Ida Christine Jacobsen, Graham Finlayson, Bente Merete Stallknecht, Jens Juul Holst, Sten Madsbad, Signe Sorensen Torekov
Summary: This study explored the effects of exercise and liraglutide single or combination treatment on eating and sedentary behavior after weight loss. The results showed that liraglutide prevented the decrease in appetite suppression score and maintained weight loss. Exercise did not increase appetite or sedentary behavior, despite increased exercise energy expenditure and maintained weight loss. The combination of exercise and liraglutide increased conscious food intake restriction and decreased sedentary time, facilitating additional weight loss.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jarle Berge, Joran Hjelmesaeth, Jens K. Hertel, Espen Gjevestad, Milada Cvancarova Smastuen, Line Kristin Johnson, Catia Martins, Eivind Andersen, Jan Helgerud, Oyvind Storen
Summary: This study compared the effects of two aerobic exercise programs of different intensities on energy expenditure in patients with severe obesity. The results showed that patients completing a 24-week combined HIIT/MICT program did not achieve a higher energy expenditure compared with those who completed a 24-week MICT program, but the HIIT/MICT group experienced a significantly larger increase in energy expenditure in the 8- to 16-week period compared to the MICT group.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Cheng Lv, Xingwei Jiang, Yi Long, Zirui Liu, Jiajia Lin, Cuili Wu, Xianghong Ye, Ruiling Ye, Yuxiu Liu, Man Liu, Yang Liu, Wensong Chen, Lin Gao, Zhihui Tong, Lu Ke, Zhengying Jiang, Weiqin Li
Summary: This study found that energy delivery below 70% of the estimated requirement during days 3-7 of critical illness is associated with increased 28-day mortality in ICU patients, while hypercaloric feeding did not have a significant effect on mortality.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Patrick Wyatt, Sarah E. Berry, Graham Finlayson, Ruairi O'Driscoll, George Hadjigeorgiou, David A. Drew, Haya Al Khatib, Long H. Nguyen, Inbar Linenberg, Andrew T. Chan, Tim D. Spector, Paul W. Franks, Jonathan Wolf, John Blundell, Ana M. Valdes
Summary: Research suggests that postprandial glucose dips at 2-3 hours after a meal are a better predictor of hunger and subsequent energy intake compared to peak glucose levels at 0-2 hours. Understanding the relationship between postprandial glucose, appetite, and energy intake can provide valuable insights into weight loss interventions.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jingyi Qian, Christopher J. J. Morris, Rosanna Caputo, Frank A. J. L. Scheer
Summary: This study examined the impact of circadian misalignment in chronic shift workers and found that it increased ghrelin levels and hunger. However, it did not significantly affect energy expenditure or respiratory exchange ratio.
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Zi En Wang, Jian Jun Zheng, Jin Bin Feng, Dan Wu, Sen Su, Yong Jun Yang, Yan Wei, Zhao Hong Chen, Xi Peng
Summary: This study evaluated the efficacy of glutamine in reducing hypermetabolism after burn injury. The results showed that glutamine can moderately alleviate the hypermetabolic response and reduce organ damage.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Ulf Holmback, Stefan Gruden, Helena Litorp, Daniel Willhems, Sandra Kuusk, Goran Alderborn, Arvid Soderhall, Anders Forslund
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of a novel oral medication, EMP16, on relative body weight. The results showed that EMP16, a combination of orlistat and acarbose, can effectively induce weight loss without unexpected safety issues. EMP16 may be a promising candidate for improved weight management among other medications.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Lore Metz, Laurie Isacco, Nicole Fearnbach, Bruno Pereira, David Thivel, Martine Duclos
Summary: The study found that energy expenditure was higher during water-based cycling compared to rest and land-based cycling; carbohydrate oxidation was also higher. Adjusting the duration of land-based cycling to reach the same energy expenditure as water-based cycling was effective. There were no differences in food intake between different exercise sessions.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Karen D. Corbin, Elvis A. Carnero, Timothy D. Allerton, Joachim Tillner, Christopher P. Bock, Pierre-Philippe Luyet, Britta Gobel, Kevin D. Hall, Stephanie A. Parsons, Eric Ravussin, Steven R. Smith
Summary: This study aimed to test the hypothesis that treatment with the glucagon-like peptide-1/glucagon receptor agonist SAR425899 would result in less metabolic adaptation and increased lipid oxidation. The results showed that SAR425899 led to a smaller reduction in body composition-adjusted sleeping metabolic rate (SMR) and increased fat oxidation, which are beneficial for weight loss and weight-loss maintenance.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Zahra Dehnavi, Ali Jafarzadeh Esfehani, Omolbanin Hajhoseini, Hanieh Barghchi, Aliyeh Ghannadzadeh Yazdi, Zahra Khorasanchi, Mahdi Shadnoush, Reza Rezvani, Habibollah Esmaily, Mohammad Safarian
Summary: This study aims to assess the postprandial effects of different protein sources on appetite response, energy metabolism, and arterial stiffness in overweight and obese men. The findings will provide novel insight into the acute effects of protein sources on energy metabolism, appetite, and arterial stiffness.
Review
Food Science & Technology
Georgia Chatonidi, Jonas Poppe, Kristin Verbeke
Summary: In this systematic review, the effects of common plant-based fermented foods on satiety cascade parameters were evaluated. Among the fermented foods, sourdough bread consumption showed promising results in reducing postprandial glucose response, but its relationship with appetite regulation remains unclear. Further well-designed clinical trials are needed to better understand how sourdough may modulate satiety and energy intake.
TRENDS IN FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Anja Bosy-Westphal, Franziska A. Haegele, Manfred J. Mueller
Summary: This narrative review examines the relationship between energy intake and expenditure, finding that different ways of increasing energy expenditure may result in different regulation responses towards food intake. Exercise, physical activity, heat exposure, and high protein intake are beneficial for weight loss, while cold exposure or sleep loss-induced increase in energy expenditure may lead to overcompensation of energy intake, especially in thrifty phenotypes.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Li-min Zhang, Zhan Liu, Jia-qi Wang, Rui-qiang Li, Jing-yi Ren, Xian Gao, Shuai-shuai Lv, Lu-yao Liang, Fan Zhang, Bo-wen Yin, Yan Sun, Hao Tian, Hui-chen Zhu, Yu-tian Zhou, Yu-xia Ma
Summary: The study found that 6-hour early and late time-restricted eating can achieve similar weight loss effects compared to the control group, with early time-restricted eating reducing multiple indicators while late time-restricted eating only reducing one indicator.
Review
Food Science & Technology
Ao Shang, Ren-You Gan, Xiao-Yu Xu, Qian-Qian Mao, Pang-Zhen Zhang, Hua-Bin Li
Summary: In recent years, obesity has become a global public health issue, with edible and medicinal plants showing potential as candidates for prevention and management of obesity. These plants exhibit anti-obesity activity by suppressing appetite, reducing lipid and carbohydrate absorption, regulating metabolism, increasing energy expenditure, regulating microbiota, and improving inflammation related to obesity. Further research is needed to explore safer plants with anti-obesity activity and identify specific mechanisms for combating obesity.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION
(2021)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Sten Madsbad, Jens J. Holst
Summary: GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) are effective in treating type 2 diabetes and promoting weight loss. Different GLP-1 RAs have varying efficacy in reducing blood sugar, body weight, and cardiovascular events. Some GLP-1 RAs are recommended for patients with established cardiovascular diseases or multiple cardiovascular risk factors. Cardiovascular outcome trials (CVOT) provide guidance for individual treatment decisions.
CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Marthe Isaksen Aukan, Silje Skarvold, Ingrid Ofsti Brandsaeter, Jens Frederik Rehfeld, Jens Juul Holst, Siren Nymo, Silvia Coutinho, Catia Martins
Summary: This study aimed to compare changes in gastrointestinal hormones and appetite ratings after weight loss induced by a very low-energy diet alone or in combination with sleeve gastrectomy (SG) or Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB). The results showed that SG and RYGB led to more significant changes in gastrointestinal hormones compared with diet alone, while appetite ratings decreased in all groups.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Nanna Thurmann Jorgensen, Trine Moller Erichsen, Morten Buus Jorgensen, Thomas Idorn, Bo Feldt-Rasmussen, Jens J. Holst, Ulla Feldt-Rasmussen, Marianne Klose
Summary: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of different treatment regimens on glucose, insulin, glucagon, GLP-1, and GIP secretion in patients with active acromegaly. The results showed that treatment with SSA impaired GIP response and other hormone responses. Co-treatment with PEG increased insulin and glucagon secretion compared to treatment with SSA alone. PEG may exert its action through GH-receptors on pancreatic delta-cells.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Daniel J. Drucker, Jens J. Holst
Summary: Incretin hormones, such as GIP and GLP-1, play a crucial role in regulating insulin secretion and glucagon secretion. The receptors for these hormones are not only found in the pancreas but also in various other organs, suggesting a wide range of actions. The therapeutic potential of GIP and GLP-1 in treating type 2 diabetes and obesity is currently being explored.
Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
David S. Ludwig, Jens J. Holst
JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
(2023)
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Peder Berg, Tobias Jensen, Jesper Frank Andersen, Samuel L. Svendsen, Ida Maria Modvig, Tobias Wang, Sebastian Frische, Billy K. C. Chow, Hans Malte, Jens Juul Holst, Mads Vaarby Sorensen, Jens Leipziger
Summary: This study found that loss of SCTR impairs renal base excretion during acute metabolic alkalosis, and KO mice develop prolonged metabolic alkalosis after acute base loading. Additionally, the study found that increased blood alkalinity promotes secretin release from the small intestine and secretin is critical for bicarbonate homeostasis.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Joseph Mbabazi, Hannah Pesu, Rolland Mutumba, Gareth McCray, Kim F. Michaelsen, Christian Ritz, Suzanne Filteau, Andre Briend, Ezekiel Mupere, Benedikte Grenov, Henrik Friis, Mette Frahm Olsen
Summary: This study investigated the effects of milk protein (MP) versus soy and whey permeate (WP) versus maltodextrin in large-quantity, lipid-based nutrient supplement (LNS), as well as LNS itself versus no supplementation, on child development and head circumference among stunted children aged 1-5 years. The results showed that neither MP nor WP had an effect on any developmental domain. Although LNS itself had no impact on development, it resulted in a 0.07cm increase in head circumference.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Suvi T. Kangas, Issa Niamanto Coulibaly, Zachary Tausanovitch, Bareye Ouologuem, Bethany Marron, Elizabeth Radin, Christian Ritz, Salimou Dembele, Cesaire T. Ouedraogo, Jeanette Bailey
Summary: The study aimed to determine the incidence of relapse and associated factors among children recovering from acute malnutrition using the ComPAS protocol. A cohort of 420 children with a MUAC >= 125 mm was monitored for 6 months. The cumulative incidence of relapse was 26.1% for MUAC < 125 mm and/or edema and 1.7% for MUAC < 115 mm and/or edema. Factors such as lower anthropometry at admission and discharge, more illness episodes per month, and certain socio-economic factors were associated with relapse.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Sofie Hauerberg Henninger, Anna Yde Fibieger, Faidon Magkos, Christian Ritz
Summary: Current treatment options for overweight and obesity rely on strict diet and exercise regimes, making it difficult to sustain as a lifelong routine. This study explored the effects of mindful eating and YogaDance, individually and in combination, as alternative approaches to manage obesity. The findings suggest modest benefits of an 8-week combination of mindful eating and YogaDance, supporting previous research on the effectiveness of mindful eating, yoga, and dance.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Pernille H. Hellmann, Jonatan Bagger, Katrine R. Carlander, Katrine B. Hansen, Julie L. Forman, Joachim Storling, Elizaveta Chabanova, Jens Holst, Tina Vilsboll, Filip K. Knop
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of curcumin combined with prednisolone on glucocorticoid-induced insulin resistance in healthy overweight or obese men. The results showed that curcumin had no protective effect on insulin resistance and other glucometabolic perturbations.
ENDOCRINE CONNECTIONS
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Stephen P. Ashcroft, Sara L. Jepsen, Amy M. Ehrlich, Jonas T. Treebak, Jens J. Holst, Juleen R. Zierath
Summary: This study introduces a protocol to investigate the release and uptake of metabolites in specific tissues during exercise. It includes steps for treadmill running of mice and sampling of blood from the liver and hindlimb muscles, providing insights into tissue-specific metabolism.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Kasper B. Kristensen, Ajenthen G. Ranjan, Olivia M. McCarthy, Jens J. Holst, Richard M. Bracken, Kirsten Norgaard, Signe Schmidt
Summary: A low-carbohydrate-high-protein (LCHP) pre-exercise meal can reduce plasma glucose variability around exercise and diminish the drop in plasma glucose over exercise compared to a high-carbohydrate-low-protein (HCLP) meal.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Rolland Mutumba, Hannah Pesu, Joseph Mbabazi, Eva Greibe, Mette F. Olsen, Andre Briend, Christian Molgaard, Christian Ritz, Nicolette Nabukeera-Barungi, Ezekiel Mupere, Suzanne Filteau, Henrik Friis, Benedikte Grenov
Summary: This study assessed the correlates of iron, cobalamin, folate, and vitamin A biomarkers in stunted children in eastern Uganda. The results showed that these children have deficiencies in iron, cobalamin, and vitamin A. Therefore, interventions addressing stunting should also target these micronutrient deficiencies.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Marie Winther-Sorensen, Ida Marie Kemp, Hanne Cathrine Bisgaard, Jens Juul Holst, Nicolai J. Wewer Albrechtsen
Summary: The isolated perfused liver allows study of liver biology and metabolism, separated from external factors, and can be used to evaluate the direct effects of compounds on the liver.
JOVE-JOURNAL OF VISUALIZED EXPERIMENTS
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Roberto Visentin, Katrine Brodersen, Bjorn Richelsen, Niels Moller, Chiara Dalla Man, Andreas Kristian Pedersen, Jan Abrahamsen, Jens Juul Holst, Michael Festersen Nielsen
Summary: The early improvement in glucose tolerance in obese T2D patients after bariatric surgery is mainly due to increased insulin secretion and glucose effectiveness, with insulin sensitivity playing a minor role.
JOURNAL OF DIABETES RESEARCH
(2023)