Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xiaoling Xu, Xinmei Lan, Shuhua Fu, Qian Zhang, Fu Gui, Qifang Jin, Lin Xie, Xiong Yu
Summary: This study reveals the involvement of Reelin/DAB1 signaling in the progression of diabetic retinopathy (DR). Increased expression of Reelin, DAB1, and related proteins was observed in a DR mouse model and high glucose-treated human retinal pigment epithelium cells. TRIM40, an E3 ubiquitin ligase, was found to be dysregulated in DR and negatively correlated with p-DAB1 protein expression levels. TRIM40 was shown to promote DAB1 degradation through K48-linked polyubiquitination, thus limiting DAB1 stability. Over-expression of TRIM40 ameliorated DR phenotypes in mice and attenuated inflammation and p-DAB1 expression in retinal tissues.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yumi Tsuneura, Masahito Sawahata, Norimichi Itoh, Ryoya Miyajima, Daisuke Mori, Takao Kohno, Mitsuharu Hattori, Akira Sobue, Taku Nagai, Hiroyuki Mizoguchi, Toshitaka Nabeshima, Norio Ozaki, Kiyofumi Yamada
Summary: Reelin, a crucial extracellular matrix protein secreted by Cajal-Retzius cells, plays important roles in brain development and neuronal functions. Reductions in Reelin are associated with brain dysfunctions in mental disorders like schizophrenia. A recent study identified a novel deletion in RELN encoding Reelin in Japanese schizophrenia patients, leading to abnormalities in brain structures and social behavior.
NEUROCHEMISTRY INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Takao Honda, Yuki Hirota, Kazunori Nakajima
Summary: Loss-of-function mutations in Reelin and DAB1 signaling pathways disrupt proper neuronal positioning in the cerebral neocortex and hippocampus, and this study reveals that the Dab1 gene dosage has unique dependencies on neuronal migration and positioning in different brain regions.
Article
Neurosciences
Orly Reiner, Arpan Parichha, Tamar Sapir
Summary: Advancements in understanding human neuronal migration disorders using mouse models have been significant, despite the notable differences between human and mouse genetic information and developmental processes. The development of human brain organoid models has sparked excitement in modeling human neuronal migration diseases. Differences in gene expression, morphology, and migratory routes between human and mouse brains highlight the need for further study.
CURRENT OPINION IN NEUROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Monica Pardo, Sara Gregorio, Enrica Montalban, Lluis Pujadas, Alba Elias-Tersa, Nuria Masachs, Alba Vilchez-Acosta, Annabelle Parent, Carme Auladell, Jean-Antoine Girault, Miquel Vila, Angus C. C. Nairn, Yasmina Manso, Eduardo Soriano
Summary: Reelin protein is implicated in psychiatric disorders, but its effects on the structure and neuronal composition of the striatum are not well understood. This study found that overexpression of Reelin protein increases the numbers of striatal interneurons and cholinergic neurons, and slightly increases the tyrosine hydroxylase-positive projections from the substantia nigra to the striatum. These findings suggest that increased levels of Reelin may protect against neuropsychiatric disorders by modifying these structures and neuronal numbers.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Satoshi Yoshinaga, Takao Honda, Ken-ichiro Kubo, Kazunori Nakajima
Summary: This study found that the absence of Dab1 leads to the migration of superficial layer neurons into the cortical plate and mispositioning of deep layer neurons. It was also observed that Dab1-deficient superficial layer neurons accumulate below the cortical plate, while deep layer neurons show higher cell density. These phenotypes were corrected by reducing the probability of gene knockout and expressing Dab1 in deep layer neurons.
NEUROSCIENCE RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Xinran Dong, Lin Yang, Kaiyi Liu, Xiaoli Ji, Chuanqing Tang, Wanxing Li, Ling Ma, Yuting Mei, Ting Peng, Ban Feng, Ziyan Wu, Qingyuan Tang, Yanyan Gao, Kai Yan, Wenhao Zhou, Man Xiong
Summary: SYTL3, identified as a top driver of early human brain development, plays a crucial role in regulating cortical neuronal migration in both human and mouse developing brains. Its high activity but low expression levels are key factors in this process.
Article
Neurosciences
Emily A. Hibbard, Dale R. Sengelaub
Summary: Peripheral nerve injuries are the most common type of nerve trauma. A new repair technique using PEG to fuse the membranes of severed axons has shown promising results in terms of immediate reinervation and improved behavioral recovery. This study investigates the topographical organization of axons contributing to the sciatic nerve, finding consistent locations of specific axon populations. The knowledge of this organization can aid in the accurate realignment of axons during repair, enhancing recovery outcomes.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Yi Liu, Ruifeng Liang, Doudou Zhu, Qiong Wang, Zhuang Li, Liting Cheng, Jingjuan Ren, Yuyan Guo, Huilin Chai, Mengqin Wang, Qiao Niu, Shoulin Yang, Jianying Bai, Hongmei Yu, Hongmei Zhang, Xiaojiang Qin
Summary: Aluminum is a neurotoxic element that can worsen the deposition of intracellular beta-amyloid (Aβ). This study explored the effects of the Reelin-Dab1 signaling pathway on Aβ deposition in rats exposed to aluminum maltol. The results showed that aluminum exposure reduced cell activity, increased the expression of Aβ(42), and decreased the expression of Aβ(40). Furthermore, aluminum exposure altered the expression of proteins associated with the Reelin-Dab1 signaling pathway. These findings provide important evidence for understanding the potential mechanism of aluminum-induced Aβ deposition through the Reelin-Dab1 signaling pathway.
TOXICOLOGY AND INDUSTRIAL HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anna Ecanow, Ken Berglund, Dario Carrasco, Robin Isaacson, Arthur W. English
Summary: The use of BL-OG as a treatment for peripheral nerve injuries shows significant potential in enhancing axon regeneration and promoting functional recovery.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Guan Wang, Jing Lei, Yifeng Wang, Jiahui Yu, Yinghui He, Weiqi Zhao, Zhechun Hu, Zhenzhong Xu, Yishi Jin, Yan Gu, Xing Guo, Bing Yang, Zhihua Gao, Zhiping Wang
Summary: Protein quality control is critical for maintaining protein homeostasis and accurate neurodevelopment. ZSWIM8, a homolog of EBAX-1, has been identified as essential for the stability of mammalian brain development by regulating the protein quality of key signal molecule Dab1. Loss of ZSWIM8 leads to cellular stress, neural progenitor cell migration defects, impaired spine formation and synaptogenesis, as well as learning and memory deficits in adult survivors.
Article
Neurosciences
S. Murat Durakoglugil, R. Catherine Wasser, H. Connie Wong, Theresa Pohlkamp, Xunde Xian, Courtney Lane-Donovan, Katja Fritschle, Lea Naestle, Joachim Herz
Summary: Alzheimer's disease is characterized by the accumulation of Aβ plaques and neurofibrillary tangles, leading to synaptic dysfunction. Reelin protects synapses against Aβ toxicity through ApoE receptors. Experiments showed that Reelin modulates mGluR-LTD, potentially impacting memory consolidation or neurodegeneration.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Keisuke Ishii, Takao Kohno, Kaori Sakai, Mitsuharu Hattori
Summary: Reelin, a secreted glycoprotein, is important for neuronal migration during brain development. This study found that the deletion of Reelin's C-terminal region (CTR) impaired the migration of late-born neurons in the hippocampus. It was also discovered that the phosphorylation of cofilin, an actin-depolymerizing protein, was reduced in the hippocampus of mice with deleted Reelin CTR. Exogenous expression of pseudo-phosphorylated cofilin rescued the abnormal positioning of neurons in the hippocampus. These findings suggest that Reelin CTR is necessary for the migration of late-born neurons in the hippocampus and involves the phosphorylation of cofilin.
MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Michael H. Guo, Laurent C. Francioli, Sarah L. Stenton, Julia K. Goodrich, Nicholas A. Watts, Moriel Singer-Berk, Emily Groopman, Philip W. Darnowsky, Matthew Solomonson, Samantha Baxter, Grace Tiao, Benjamin M. Neale, Joel N. Hirschhorn, Heidi L. Rehm, Mark J. Daly, Anne O'Donnell-Luria, Konrad J. Karczewski, Daniel G. MacArthur, Kaitlin E. Samocha
Summary: This study developed a strategy to infer the phase for rare variant pairs within genes using genotypes observed in the Genome Aggregation Database. The approach showed high accuracy in determining phase in both trio data and patients with Mendelian conditions, providing a valuable resource for interpreting rare co-occurring variants in the context of recessive diseases.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Na Li, Qihang Pang, Yanhong Zhang, Jianan Lin, Hui Li, Zhen Li, Yaxin Liu, Xingyu Fang, Yu An, Haonan Bai, Dianyu Li, Zhanhong Cao, Jian Liu, Qing Yang, Shaodan Hu
Summary: The study found that Ginsenoside Compound K (CK) can bind to A beta, reduce its aggregation, and inhibit its accumulation in the extracellular space. CK also improves cognitive impairment and protects neurons by reducing oxidative damage and enhancing synaptic function through modulation of the Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathway.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)