Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Ben J. Gruwier, Kris Kovarovic
Summary: This paper presents newly developed ecomorphological models for the intermediate phalanx in cervids. Through geometric morphometric analysis, the study quantitatively assesses the relationship between bone morphology, locomotor behavior, and environment. The findings suggest that the shape of the intermediate phalanx is primarily driven by functional differences, making it a potential useful proxy for paleoenvironmental studies.
JOURNAL OF MORPHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Adam Kraus, Ondrej Krunt, Lukas Zita, Katerina Vejvodova, Ondrej Drabek
Summary: This study evaluated the laying performance, growth rate, and bone quality properties of various genotypes of laying hens in smallholder conditions, and found significant differences in performance characteristics among the genotypes.
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Ben J. Gruwier, Kris Kovarovic
Summary: This study found that the morphology of the cervid calcaneus varies primarily with locomotor strategy and habitat, making it a valuable proxy for inferring characteristics of ancient environments. Confounding factors such as sexual dimorphism, allometry, and phylogeny were accounted for, and did not substantially obscure predictions of habitat.
ANATOMICAL RECORD-ADVANCES IN INTEGRATIVE ANATOMY AND EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Legal
Tugce Koca Yavuz, Ahmet Hilal, Omer Kaya, Oguzhan Ekizoglu, Kenan Kaya
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the feasibility of using ankle magnetic resonance imaging for age estimation in living individuals and establish a database correlating age with imaging features. It provides a non-ionizing method for forensic experts in determining age and adds to the existing radiological methods.
FORENSIC SCIENCE INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Review
Orthopedics
Lijun Xie, Ye Huang, Libi Zhang, Shuting Si, Yunxian Yu
Summary: This study conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the clinical effects of Ilizarov methods and its combined methods on long bone defects of the lower extremity. The results showed that Ilizarov methods are reliable in treating bone defects, but there are significant differences in some complication rates between Ilizarov methods and its combined methods. Further studies are needed to confirm these findings.
BMC MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Jesus Gamarra, Kelly A. Vega-Pagan, Juan Jose Rodriguez-Alba, Sergio Perez Gonzalez, Omid Fesharaki
Summary: Methodologies that analyse the colouration and external appearance of extant species are useful for reconstructing the colour patterns of extinct fauna. The study used maximum likelihood analysis to study the colour patterns of extant species in the Cervidae family, as well as their phylogeny. The results provide a probable basal colour pattern for cervids, which can be used to reconstruct the colouration and hypothesise about the external appearance of extinct taxa.
EARTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF EDINBURGH
(2023)
Article
Orthopedics
Mitchel R. Obey, Marschall B. Berkes, Christopher M. McAndrew, Anna N. Miller
Summary: Skeletal traction is a fundamental tool for orthopaedic surgeons caring for patients with traumatic pelvic and lower extremity injuries, providing effective initial stabilization. Knowledge of regional anatomy and proper technique are essential for safe placement of traction pins. Understanding the appropriate indications for use is crucial for orthopaedic surgeons applying skeletal traction methods.
JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC TRAUMA
(2021)
Article
Physiology
Matteo Scorcelletti, Jochen Zange, Jonas Boecker, Wolfram Sies, Patrick Lau, Uwe Mittag, Neil D. Reeves, Alex Ireland, Joern Rittweger
Summary: Features of lower limb bone geometry are important for movement kinematics and clinical outcomes. However, the effects of adulthood physical activity on lower limb geometry and their associations with muscle function are relatively unexplored. This study found that trained individuals had higher femoral frontal bowing and older individuals had greater lateral bowing, but lower limb geometry was not associated with muscle function.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Orthopedics
Christopher Lee, Nathan N. O'Hara, Bianca Conti, Mary Hyder, Aresh Sepehri, Joshua Rudnicki, Zachary Hannan, Daniel Connelly, Mitchell Baker, Andrew N. Pollak, Robert O'Toole
Summary: In intramedullary fixation of femoral and tibial shaft fractures, femoral patients had a 215% increase in embolic load compared to tibial patients, with the reaming stage associated with the greatest increase in embolic load.
JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC TRAUMA
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Saghi Sadoughi, Grant Bevill, Elise F. Morgan, Vivek Palepu, Tony M. Keaveny, Keith A. Wear
Summary: MicroCT-based finite element models were used to investigate the relationship between bone volume fraction and uniaxial compressive yield stress in human trabecular bone from different anatomical sites. The study found that the power law coefficients differed between the calcaneus and other sites, but after normalizing by site-specific mean values, there were no significant differences in the coefficients and exponents among sites. This suggests that a given percentage deviation from mean bone volume fraction has the same mechanical consequence for all sites. These findings provide insights into the effectiveness of calcaneal x-ray and ultrasound measurements in predicting hip fracture risk.
COMPUTER METHODS IN BIOMECHANICS AND BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Shenke Zhang, Takuya Adachi, Shengli Zhang, Yukari Yoshida, Akihisa Takahashi
Summary: The study focuses on the need to pay more attention to the effects of partial gravity on human health, especially with the plans of returning to the Moon and landing on Mars. A new simulated partial gravity apparatus was developed to create a partial gravity environment for rat hindlimbs more efficiently and accurately. The study reveals that reduced gravity leads to a decrease in bone parameters, and the new apparatus provides a continuous and stable level of partial gravity, making it a valuable model for studying the effects of extraterrestrial gravity on humans.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Shenke Zhang, Daishin Ueno, Takashi Ohira, Hisashi Kato, Tetsuya Izawa, Sakuya Yamanouchi, Yukari Yoshida, Akihisa Takahashi, Yoshinobu Ohira
Summary: This study investigated how different parts of the lower limb bones of rats react to partial gravity and found that simulated mechanical stress associated with partial gravity significantly lowered bone mineral density and trabecular BMD. The effects of different degrees of gravity on the same area of hindlimb bone were not significantly different.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Pediatrics
Fabio Verdoni, Riccardo Giorgino, Camilla Virgilio, Alessandra Nannini, Marco Vigano, Domenico Curci, Giuseppe Michele Peretti, Laura Mangiavini
Summary: Achondroplasia is a main cause of disharmonic dwarfism with physical and psychological limitations. Surgical limb lengthening in four stages may be a viable technique for patients with achondroplasia, achieving comparable stature to the normal population range.
FRONTIERS IN PEDIATRICS
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Ahmad Shehadeh, Muhamad Al-Qawasmi, Omar Al Btoush, Zeinab Obeid
Summary: Expandable distal femur endoprosthesis (EDFE) is commonly used to compensate for the loss of the distal femoral epiphyseal plate in skeletally immature children who have undergone surgical resection of bone malignancies. However, the effect of the passive tibial component of the EDFE on tibial growth has not been extensively studied in the literature. This study aims to investigate the type, frequency, and associated risk factors of multiplanar proximal tibial deformities in skeletally immature children following the use of EDFE, as well as how these deformities influence the long-term functionality of the endoprosthesis.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Alison A. Murray, Marla MacKinnon, Tess M. R. Carswell, Joshua W. Giles
Summary: The curvature of limb bones in humans is related to mobility in steep and variable terrain. A study using musculoskeletal modeling and motion capture data found that different patterns of femoral and tibial curvature resulted in different muscle kinetics during stair-climbing. This research contributes to our understanding of the relationship between bone structure and locomotor function.
FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2023)