Article
Automation & Control Systems
Mohammad Ali Noroozi Dehdez, Jafar Milimonfared
Summary: This article introduces a novel radial-axial flux switching permanent magnet generator that can be implemented using conventional nonoriented electrical steel sheets, and it shows competitiveness and low copper mass requirement. The foundation and working principles are described in detail, and experimental results are used for verification.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Darryl Fong, Timothy M. Swager
Summary: The double emulsion sensor presented in this study is capable of detecting femtomolar quantities of aqueous hydrogen peroxide with enhanced sensitivity achieved through changes in the double emulsion structure. The surfactant effectiveness is increased through sulfide oxidation, which is catalyzed by methyltrioxorhenium, and the morphology of the double emulsion is controlled by interfacial tensions.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Geology
Allan Wilson, Robert Bolhar
Summary: The only known natural samples of high-pressure mantle constituents are mineral inclusions in diamonds, and their origin and formation have been a subject of debate. By analyzing trace elements in olivine crystals from South Africa, researchers have found evidence suggesting that these crystals formed in the deep upper mantle and potentially in the mantle transition zone. These findings provide insights into Earth's early mantle evolution and the formation of ancient continental and oceanic crust.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Mark J. Butler, Brian C. Yellen, Oluyinka Oyewumi, William Ouimet, Justin B. Richardson
Summary: Understanding the accumulation and transport of nutrient and pollutant elements (NPEs) in the Thames River watershed, Connecticut, is crucial for protecting water resources and aquatic ecosystems. This study found that arsenic concentrations in soil and sediments exceeded quality targets, but not river water. Riparian soil and land cover were not strong predictors of NPE concentrations in sediments and river water. Dissolved export of NPEs was greater than sediment export for most elements. Watersheds with higher farmland had higher phosphorus concentrations in river water. Overall, NPE export has decreased but remains above baseline throughout the Thames River watershed.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Dorota Cygan-Szczegielniak, Karolina Stasiak
Summary: Heavy metals pose a serious risk to the normal functioning of living organisms. This study analyzed the concentrations of essential and toxic trace elements in the hair of horses in central Poland, as well as the interaction between these elements in the feed and hair. The results showed significant relationships between the concentrations of elements in the hair and oats, highlighting the importance of assessing essential heavy metals for monitoring exposure and the health of horses.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
In Min Hwang, Sera Jung, Ji Young Jeong, Min Ji Kim, Ha-Young Jang, Jong-Hee Lee
Summary: Due to their rich mineral content and flavor, kimchi cabbage leaves and roots have high nutritional and medicinal values. This study analyzed the major nutrient, trace, and toxic elements in kimchi cabbage cultivation soil, leaves, and roots. The results showed high contents of K, B, and Be in kimchi cabbage leaves and roots, while all toxic elements were below the WHO-stipulated threshold values. The study also revealed the distribution of elements and confirmed the differences in content between groups. This research contributes to our understanding of the connections between plant physiology, cultivation conditions, and human health.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Shengen Zhu, Wenhao Zhang, Guangdong Song, Yadong Li, Binxin Hu, Feng Zhu, Hua Zhang, Yubin Wei, Tengfei Sun, Jing Tang
Summary: Coal quality analysis is crucial for the rational and sustainable utilization of coal resources. This study proposes a method using LIBS to reconstruct PCs, improving the regression metrics and establishing quantitative models for ash content, volatile matter, and calorific value. The accuracy of the models is significantly improved, and the feasibility and effectiveness of LIBS-based analysis for coal quality detection are demonstrated.
JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL ATOMIC SPECTROMETRY
(2023)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Camila Silva Rocha, Daiane Cristina Rocha, Leticia Yoshie Kochi, Daniella Nogueira Moraes Carneiro, Michele Valquiria dos Reis, Marcelo Pedrosa Gomes
Summary: The use of ornamental plants in phytoremediation not only improves the aesthetic value of the environment and provides a new option for tourism, but also offers a high-value income source. The characteristics of ornamental plants make them an ideal choice for pollution treatment, preventing contaminants from entering the food chain.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Nairana Santos Fraga, Agnaldo Silva Martins, Adalto Bianchini, Derek R. Faust, Haruya Sakai, Cinthia Carneiro da Silva, A. Alonso Aguirre
Summary: Pollution poses a major threat to marine life, and trace elements are highly toxic pollutants in this environment. Zinc, an essential trace element for biota, becomes toxic at high concentrations. Sea turtles, with their longevity and widespread distribution, are good bioindicators for trace element pollution, accumulating these elements in their tissues over the years. This study compared the bioaccumulation of zinc in the liver, kidney, and muscles of 35 green sea turtles from Brazil, Hawaii, the USA (Texas), Japan, and Australia. The results showed that zinc was present in all specimens, with the highest concentrations in the liver and kidneys. The findings of equal zinc values in the liver suggest a pantropical distribution pattern for this metal, possibly due to its essential nature and bioavailability in marine environments. This study highlights the importance of understanding the distribution patterns of trace elements in marine biota for conservation purposes and suggests that green turtles can serve as useful sentinel species.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Catia Figueiredo, Miguel Caetano, Mario Mil-Homens, Ines Tojeira, Joana R. Xavier, Rui Rosa, Joana Raimundo
Summary: The study characterizes rare earth elements and trace elements in five genera of deep-sea sponges collected in the North Atlantic. These sponges showed an increased accumulation of trace elements compared to other organisms, possibly influenced by volcanic activity. Additionally, a Light REE enrichment and a negative Ce anomaly were observed in all studied species, providing a baseline for future comparisons.
MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yuyan Xu, Ruobi Chen, Qibing Zeng
Summary: Ferroptosis is a unique form of programmed cell death driven by iron-dependent phospholipid peroxidation. It plays a crucial role in trace element-related diseases and is regulated by redox homeostasis, cellular metabolic pathways, and disease-related signaling pathways. This review aims to gather research articles and identify key evidence regarding essential trace elements and potentially toxic trace elements in ferroptosis, which can help determine future research priorities and opportunities.
BIOLOGICAL TRACE ELEMENT RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
James C. Hower, Cortland F. Eble, Shelley D. Hopps, Tonya D. Morgan
Summary: The Duckmantian-age Fire Clay coal in Martin County, Kentucky is located 80 km northeast of the extensively studied Fire Clay coal in central eastern Kentucky. Compared to the coal in central eastern Kentucky, the Martin County Fire Clay coal has a lower concentration of rare earth elements (REE) due to the absence of volcanic ash parting and its distance from the primary thrust fault.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COAL GEOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
A. Kuptsov, A. V. Volzhenin, V. A. Labusov, A. Saprykin
Summary: The analytical capabilities of the method of atomic emission spectrometry on a two-jet arc plasma with the use of spark ablation and calibration using standard solutions have been evaluated. Optimization of solution injection conditions and studying the effect of matrix element concentration on signal-to-background ratio have been carried out. Calibration using relative sensitivity factors and standard solutions, along with the use of spectral lines of analytes and an internal standard, allowed for accurate and reproducible results in impurity determination in steel and copper samples.
JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL ATOMIC SPECTROMETRY
(2021)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Adrien J. Mourey, Thomas Shea, Kendra J. Lynn, Allan H. Lerner, Sarah Lambart, Fidel Costa, Jeffrey Oalmann, R. Lopaka Lee, Cheryl Gansecki
Summary: Understanding the evolution of magma genesis and intensive parameters in highly active volcanic systems is crucial for interpreting magma supply changes and anticipating future volcanic behavior. Major and trace elements in olivine are commonly used to study variations in mantle lithologies and melting conditions over time. Analysis of trace elements in olivine at Kilauea reveals changes in the mantle source and may provide important clues on subtle changes occurring at the mantle level that might herald changes in volcanic behavior.
EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS
(2022)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Mohammad A. Al-Ghouti, Mohammad Y. Ashfaq, Mariam Khan, Zulfa Al Disi, Dana A. Da'na, Rouzan Shoshaa
Summary: Water and wastewater can be contaminated with trace elements from industrial activities, posing negative impacts on human health and the environment. Adsorption and adsorptive filtration techniques have gained attention due to their cost-effectiveness and high efficiency. This review provides an overview of conventional and advanced adsorbents, biosorbents, and adsorptive membranes for trace element removal from water, discussing their sources, impact on human health, adsorption capacities, and isotherm modeling.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)