Article
Chemistry, Physical
Mahvash Afzal, Nandlal Gupta, Aashish Mallik, K. S. Vishnulal, Pratibha Sharma
Summary: This study continues the computational analysis of a reactor with hexagonal honeycomb-based heat transfer enhancements, investigating the performance of a metal alloy and the reactor experimentally. It determines the gravimetric capacity and reaction kinetics of the alloy La0.9Ce0.1Ni5, while also exploring the impact of operating conditions on reactor performance. Additionally, evaporative cooling is tested for the first time as a heat removal technique for metal hydride based hydrogen storage reactors and found to significantly improve heat transfer.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Physical
N. A. Ali, N. A. Sazelee, M. Ismail
Summary: Metal hydrides and complex hydrides are the most convenient method for hydrogen storage, offering high hydrogen capacity, but facing challenges of high operating temperature and low reversibility.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2021)
Review
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Xin F. Tan, Manjin Kim, Kazuhiro Yasuda, Kazuhiro Nogita
Summary: Bulk Mg-based hydrogen storage materials have the potential to provide a low-cost solution for energy storage and transportation. They are safer and more oxidation resistant compared to nano powders. Various alloying elements and innovative processing methods can be used to improve the performance of bulk Mg alloys in terms of hydrogen sorption kinetics and stability.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Energy & Fuels
Nejc Klopcic, Ilena Grimmer, Franz Winkler, Markus Sartory, Alexander Trattner
Summary: Efficient energy storage is crucial for the shift to renewable energies, and hydrogen storage in metal hydrides offers high energy densities and safety advantages. This work investigates the technical, economic, and environmental aspects of different metal hydride materials, including their properties, production methods, and potential enhancements. The impacts on material costs, raw material abundance, and import dependency are discussed, and the advantages and disadvantages of selected materials are derived for material selection. Further research on material properties and system-level improvements is needed for widespread application of metal hydrides.
JOURNAL OF ENERGY STORAGE
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Yuanlu Li, Erika Teliz, Fernando Zinola, Veronica Diaz
Summary: This work presents a mathematical model describing the adsorption of hydrogen in La Ni4.7Co0.3 metal hydride as a storage material, with detailed modeling of heat and mass transfer effects and estimation of the heat transfer coefficient. Numerical simulation is used to design a cylindrical tank for hydrogen storage.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
J. Warfsmann, J. A. Puszkiel, M. Passing, P. S. Krause, E. Wienken, K. Taube, T. Klassen, C. Pistidda, J. Jepsen
Summary: AB2 room-temperature metal alloy Hydralloy C5 was modified by applying a wash coating-like methodology, in which the surface of the alloy was coated with a conductive material like expanded natural graphite (ENG) or aluminum and the elastomeric ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA). The modified alloy maintained satisfactory hydrogen capacity with slightly improved heat dissipation, and greatly improved swelling-induced stress behavior during 50 hydrogenation/dehydrogenation cycles.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Lars J. Bannenberg, Larissa Blom, Kouji Sakaki, Kohta Asano, Herman Schreuders
Summary: Nanostructured metal hydrides have a crucial role in a hydrogen economy, as the nanostructuring or confinement of these materials significantly affects their structural and functional properties. We demonstrate that confining tantalum as a thin film extends its solubility limit, suppressing the phase transition observed in bulk upon hydrogenation. The continuous elastic deformation of the tantalum unit cell with unequal lattice constants and angles ensures volumetric expansion in the out-of-plane direction, resulting in superb performance as a hysteresis-free optical hydrogen sensor over a wide hydrogen pressure/concentration range.
ACS MATERIALS LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Boris P. Tarasov, Pavel V. Fursikov, Alexey A. Volodin, Mikhail S. Bocharnikov, Yustinas Ya Shimkus, Aleksey M. Kashin, Volodymyr A. Yartys, Stanford Chidziva, Sivakumar Pasupathi, Mykhaylo V. Lototskyy
Summary: This article provides an overview of literature data and R&D activities on energy storage technologies using hydrogen and metal hydrides, with a focus on selecting metal hydride materials based on AB(5)- and AB(2)-type intermetallic compounds for hydrogen storage and compression applications. It also discusses features of integrated energy storage systems utilizing metal hydride hydrogen storage and compression components developed by IPCP and HySA Systems.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Yang Meng, Shunlong Ju, Wei Chen, Xiaowei Chen, Guanglin Xia, Dalin Sun, Xuebin Yu
Summary: By fabricating V4Nb18O55 microspheres, the H-2 desorption and absorption properties of MgH2 can be improved and the uniform formation of Nb/V interfaces can be achieved, resulting in the reduction of dehydrogenation temperature of MgH2 and the enhancement of hydrogenation reaction rate.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
A. G. Olabi, Adel Saleh Bahri, Aasim Ahmed Abdelghafar, Ahmad Baroutaji, Enas Taha Sayed, Abdul Hai Alami, Hegazy Rezk, Mohammad Ali Abdelkareem
Summary: Hydrogen has been identified as the most promising carrier of clean energy in the efforts to replace fossil fuels. Hydrogen generation technologies play a key role in the energy mix and integrating them with other renewable energy systems is becoming increasingly feasible. While progress has been made in large-scale production and storage of hydrogen, local conditions and multiple strategies may be needed to achieve significant production and storage.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Rui Shi, Haoxing Yan, Jiguang Zhang, Haiguang Gao, Yunfeng Zhu, Yana Liu, Xiaohui Hu, Yao Zhang, Liquan Li
Summary: A simple, cost-effective method of water treatment is proposed to produce highly reactive and air-stable bulk Mg-Ni-based hydrides in this study. The method can significantly decrease the dehydrogenation temperature and allow the hydrides to be stored under ambient conditions without losing activity, providing an alternative approach to design low-cost, highly active metal hydrides.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Huang Liu, Jingxi Zhang, Pei Sun, Chengshang Zhou, Yong Liu, Zhigang Zak Fang
Summary: TiFe alloy is an excellent candidate for stationary hydrogen storage due to its superior properties. However, the need for high-temperature activation has hindered its practical application. This study investigates the activation of TiFe alloys with different ratios and finds that TiFe0.90 alloy can be activated at room temperature and moderate hydrogen pressure, while equimolar TiFe alloy has poor activation kinetics. The presence of Ti4Fe2O1-x phase in the TiFe0.9 alloy plays a critical role in the activation process, serving as a conduit for hydrogen absorption by TiFe.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Lars J. Bannenberg, Herman Schreuders, Hyunjeong Kim, Kouji Sakaki, Shigenobu Hayashi, Kazutaka Ikeda, Toshiya Otomo, Kohta Asano, Bernard Dam
Summary: The study reveals that the nanostructuring and nanoconfinement of metal hydrides have significant impacts on their structural response to hydrogen, leading to higher hydrogen-to-metal ratio, reduced tetragonality of the fct phase, and suppressed phase coexistence. These effects ensure a hysteresis free response of hafnium to hydrogen, demonstrating remarkable performance as a hydrogen-sensing material.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Yongfeng Liu, Wenxuan Zhang, Xin Zhang, Limei Yang, Zhenguo Huang, Fang Fang, Wenping Sun, Mingxia Gao, Hongge Pan
Summary: Hydrogen storage remains a huge challenge for the development of a sustainable energy system, despite its importance. Light metal hydrides have high hydrogen densities but suffer from slow kinetics and poor reversibility due to strong bonds between metal atoms and hydrogen. Nanoscale particles offer a promising solution to tailor the properties of light metal hydrides and improve their performance. This review summarizes the preparation methods and hydrogen storage performance of nanostructured light metal hydrides, discusses the challenges, and explores future research prospects, highlighting the combination of nanostructuring and nanocatalysis for practical hydrogen carriers.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Volodymyr A. Yartys, Colin J. Webb, Fermin Cuevas
Summary: The paper provides an overview of advanced in situ diffraction studies for probing the structure and reacting mechanisms of hydrogen and energy storage materials. These studies utilize high flux diffraction beam and high resolution measurements to establish the mechanism of phase-structural transformations and their kinetics. Various conditions, such as hydrogen/deuterium pressures and temperatures, as well as different charge-discharge states, are considered. The paper also highlights the contributions of Dr. Michel Latroche and summarises a long-standing collaboration between the co-authors in the field.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2023)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Qi Shen, Zakai Olsen, Tyler Stalbaum, Sarah Trabia, Jameson Lee, Robert Hunt, Kwang Kim, Jaehwan Kim, Il-Kwon Oh
SMART MATERIALS AND STRUCTURES
(2020)
Article
Polymer Science
Zakai J. Olsen, Kwang J. Kim, Il-Kwon Oh
Summary: The research on IPMC technology is currently showing great promise for its future applications in a wide range of areas including robotics, soft robotics, and biomimetics.
POLYMER INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Ye Rim Lee, Justin Neubauer, Kwang Jin Kim, Youngsu Cha
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Robert Hunt, Zakai Olsen, Kwang Kim
Summary: TCPAs are thermally driven artificial muscles with remarkable performance, generating interest in applications in smart materials, soft robotics, and artificial muscles. Research has focused on studying the physical phenomena and thermal response of TCPAs through experiments and numerical simulations to enhance adaptability of the model and predict the performance of prototype robotic actuators.
SMART MATERIALS AND STRUCTURES
(2021)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Zakai J. Olsen, Kwang J. Kim
Summary: Ionic polymer-metal composites (IPMCs) are smart materials that exhibit large deformation in response to small applied voltages and generate detectable electrical signals in response to mechanical deformations. Research in this field focuses on developing multiphysics models and new modeling frameworks to better describe the characteristics of IPMCs.
SMART MATERIALS AND STRUCTURES
(2021)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Justin Neubauer, Zakai J. Olsen, Zachary Frank, Taeseon Hwang, Kwang J. Kim
Summary: This study investigates the sensing properties of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) gels as soft electroactive polymers (EAPs) for soft robotic applications. It demonstrates the high sensitivity of PVC gels in mechanoelectrical transduction and proposes a theoretical framework for this process. The study also uncovers an interesting phenomenon and examines the hysteresis effect. Overall, the research showcases the mechanoelectric ability of PVC gels and provides a foundation for further application development.
SMART MATERIALS AND STRUCTURES
(2022)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Zakai J. Olsen, Kwang J. Kim
Summary: In this study, we investigated the magnitude of field gradients in the ionic polymer-metal composite (IPMC) under large applied voltages and their use for approximating measures of the fields inside the polymer. By using order-of-magnitude based arguments, we were able to accurately quantify the field measures and reconstruct the internal bending moments generated inside the actuator to develop a simplified kinematic model for the steady-state actuator response of the IPMC.
SMART MATERIALS AND STRUCTURES
(2022)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Zakai J. Olsen, Kwang J. Kim
Summary: This study conducts a comprehensive dimensional analysis of IPMC transduction phenomena and builds nonlinear regression models for the transduction response. The validity of the multiphysics model is confirmed with experimental data.
SMART MATERIALS AND STRUCTURES
(2022)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Zachary Frank, Mohammed Al-Rubaiai, Xiaobo Tan, Kwang J. Kim
Summary: The conductivity and dielectric properties of PVC gel actuators are crucial for their electromechanical transduction applications. This study investigates the frequency-dependent properties of PVC gel actuators and reveals the importance of the conductive properties in addition to the dielectric properties. It also proposes a new method for characterizing the actuation performance of PVC gels.
SMART MATERIALS AND STRUCTURES
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Alexandrea Washington, Zakai Olsen, Ji Su, Kwang J. Kim
Summary: The focus of this study is to understand the physical phenomenon of the liquid-based electroactive polymer (EAP) actuator known as the Hydraulically Amplified Self-Healing Electrostatic (HASEL) actuator. A two-dimensional model was developed to describe the actuation mechanism and provide data on film material deformation, dielectric liquid dynamics, and electrical conditions within the actuator body. The model predicts fluid dynamic data and phenomena observed in experimentation that previous models did not capture. In summary, this model connects the electrical, mechanical, and fluid systems, providing detailed insight into the dynamics of the actuator system.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICS COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Mohammed Al-Rubaiai, Xinda Qi, Zachary Frank, Ryohei Tsuruta, Umesh Gandhi, Kwang J. Kim, Xiaobo Tan
Summary: This article presents a data-driven approach to modeling the nonlinear dynamics of PVC gel actuators and proposes a control scheme based on the model. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed control method significantly reduces tracking error.
IEEE-ASME TRANSACTIONS ON MECHATRONICS
(2022)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Justin Neubauer, H. Jeremy Cho, Kwang J. Kim
Summary: Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) gels are investigated for their mechanoelectrical transduction properties, while alternative polymer lattice structure, thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), is also studied. This study provides further characterization of mechanoelectrical response for varying plasticizers and shows the potential for polymeric gel sensors.
SMART MATERIALS AND STRUCTURES
(2022)
Article
Polymer Science
Justin Neubauer, Kwang J. Kim
Summary: Recent research has discovered that PVC gels can exhibit mechanoelectrical transduction or sensing capabilities under compressive loading conditions. These gels have been found to undergo adsorption-like phenomena in response to different plasticizers. Additionally, a different polymer lattice structure, thermoplastic polyurethane, has shown similar sensing characteristics. This study explores the mechanical and electrical properties of these gel sensors and proposes a mathematical framework to explain the underlying mechanisms of mechanoelectrical transduction using COMSOL Multiphysics.
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Alexandrea Washington, Ji Su, Kwang J. Kim
Summary: This study focuses on the design and theoretical and experimental investigation of the Hydraulically Amplified Self-Healing Electrostatic (HASEL) actuator in Soft Electrohydraulic (SEH or EH) actuators. By analyzing the electrode closure and conducting experimental testing, dimensional analysis techniques were used to determine the factors influencing the actuator's function. Eight dimensionless p groups were identified, with particular importance placed on those related to the characteristic length, fluid displacement, fluid velocity, fluid pressure, and dielectric constant. Relationships between output force, electrostatic contributions, and other parameters were determined. In conclusion, this type of analysis provides guidance for the development of high-performance HASEL actuators.
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Liya Napollion, Kwang J. Kim
Summary: Cracks in polymer composites pose a significant threat to the reliability and safety of polymer-based energy storage devices. Detecting cracks in composite polymers, such as IPMCs, is challenging and affects the performance of these materials.
SMART MATERIALS AND STRUCTURES
(2023)
