Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Jasmohan S. Bajaj, Edith A. Gavis, Andrew Fagan, James B. Wade, Leroy R. Thacker, Michael Fuchs, Samarth Patel, Brian Davis, Jill Meador, Puneet Puri, Masoumeh Sikaroodi, Patrick M. Gillevet
Summary: This study suggests that FMT may be a safe and effective treatment for patients with alcohol-related cirrhosis, reducing alcohol craving and consumption while improving cognition and quality of life.
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Sudie E. Back, Julianne C. Flanagan, Jim Mintz, Kathleen T. Brady, Jennifer Jones, Amber M. Jarnecke, Jane E. Joseph, David W. Shirley, Robert J. Malcolm, Mark Hamner, Brett T. Litz, Barbara L. Niles, Stacey Young-McCaughan, Terence M. Keane, Alan L. Peterson, Consortium Alleviate PTSD
Summary: The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of doxazosin for the treatment of co-occurring PTSD and AUD. The results showed that doxazosin was safe and tolerable but not more effective than placebo in reducing the severity of PTSD or AUD.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Mariela Rance, Zhiying Zhao, Brian Zaboski, Stephen A. Kichuk, Emma Romaker, William N. Koller, Christopher Walsh, Cheyenne Harris-Starling, Suzanne Wasylink, Thomas Adams Jr, Patricia Gruner, Christopher Pittenger, Michelle Hampson
Summary: This study aimed to use fMRI neurofeedback as a treatment for OCD. The results showed that neurofeedback targeting the aPFC can reduce symptoms in OCD, but did not significantly affect control over the aPFC. Future studies should optimize the training protocol and clarify the mechanism of action.
PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Barbara D. Pachikian, Sylvie Copine, Marlene Suchareau, Louise Deldicque
Summary: The study found that supplementing with saffron extract for 6 weeks led to improvements in sleep duration and quality, including increased time in bed, improved ease of falling asleep, and overall improvement in sleep quality. This suggests that saffron extract may be a natural and safe nutritional strategy to improve sleep.
Article
Substance Abuse
Victoria Manning, Joshua B. B. Garfield, John Reynolds, Petra K. Staiger, Hugh Piercy, Yvonne Bonomo, Martyn Lloyd-Jones, David Jacka, Reinout W. Wiers, Antonio Verdejo-Garcia, Dan Lubman
Summary: The study demonstrates that approach bias modification during inpatient withdrawal treatment can delay time to first lapse and increase alcohol abstinence rates for at least 3 months post-discharge.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Ahmad Shamabadi, Farnaz Kafi, Melika Arab Bafrani, Hassan Asadigandomani, Fatemeh A. Basti, Shahin Akhondzadeh
Summary: This study found that adjunctive L-theanine, when combined with sertraline, showed better efficacy in treating major depressive disorder (MDD) compared to placebo. The L-theanine group demonstrated significant improvement in depression symptoms and a greater reduction in depression scores compared to the placebo group at weeks 2, 4, and 6. Furthermore, the L-theanine group had higher remission and response rates at week 6. These findings suggest that L-theanine is a safe and effective adjunctive therapy for MDD.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Surgery
Alfredo E. Hoyos, Hector Duran, Lazaro Cardenas-Camarena, Jorge E. Bayter, Laura Cala, Mauricio Perez, Alejandro Lopez, Giancarlo Talleri, Rodrigo Dominguez-Millan, Ivan R. Mogollon
Summary: The study compared the efficacy of tranexamic acid and placebo as a hemostatic agent in liposculpture procedures. The authors found that intravenous tranexamic acid significantly reduced postoperative bleeding compared to the other groups.
PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Chiara Ricci, Fernando Rizzello, Maria Chiara Valerii, Enzo Spisni, Paolo Gionchetti, Silvia Turroni, Marco Candela, Federica D'Amico, Renato Spigarelli, Irene Bellocchio, Giovanni Marasco, Giovanni Barbara
Summary: Geraniol, an acyclic monoterpene alcohol, has demonstrated anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties and positive effects on gut microbiota in IBS patients. In this study, IBS patients treated with a low-absorbable geraniol food supplement (LAGS) showed a significant reduction in IBS symptoms severity score compared to placebo. Geraniol administration also resulted in changes in gut microbiota composition, with a decrease in Oscillospira and an increase in Faecalibacterium. The findings suggest that LAGS is effective in treating overall IBS symptoms and improving gut microbiota profile, particularly in the IBS mixed subtype.
Article
Substance Abuse
Maria Stein, Leila M. Soravia, Raphaela M. Tschuemperlin, Hallie M. Batschelet, Joshua Jaeger, Susanne Roesner, Anne Keller, Juan Martin Gomez Penedo, Reinout W. Wiers, Franz Moggi
Summary: This study compared two versions of alcohol-specific inhibition training (Alc-IT) in a clinical sample of patients with alcohol use disorder (AUD), and assessed two potential working mechanisms: stimulus devaluation and inhibitory enhancement. The results showed that the improved Alc-IT with higher inhibitory demands significantly increased the percentage of days abstinent at 3-month follow-up for patients with severe AUD, indicating an inhibitory working mechanism.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Matthew D. Novak, Forrest Toegel, August F. Holtyn, Andrew M. Rodewald, Meghan Arellano, Mackenzie Baranski, Nancy P. Barnett, Jeannie-Marie Leoutsakos, Michael Fingerhood, Kenneth Silverman
Summary: This study evaluated the effectiveness of abstinence-contingent wage supplements in promoting alcohol abstinence and employment in adults experiencing homelessness and alcohol use disorder. The findings suggest that abstinence-contingent wage supplements can significantly increase alcohol abstinence rates and employment rates in this population.
PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Camille Amadieu, Luca Maccioni, Sophie Leclercq, Audrey M. Neyrinck, Nathalie M. Delzenne, Philippe de Timary, Peter Staerkel
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of inulin supplementation on liver parameters in alcohol use disorder (AUD) patients. The results showed that, at the end of the study, AST, ALT, and IL-18 levels were significantly higher in the inulin group compared to the placebo group in the whole sample. In the subgroup with early alcohol-associated liver disease, inulin supplementation led to specific changes in the gut microbiota, but AST and ALT levels were still higher compared to the placebo group. The treatment was well tolerated without important adverse events or side effects.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Maarten Belgers, Philip Van Eijndhoven, Wiebren Markus, Aart H. Schene, Arnt Schellekens
Summary: This study demonstrated that high-frequency rTMS over the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, combined with standard treatment, significantly reduced alcohol craving and use in recently detoxified patients with AUD, with the most significant effects observed in the first month post-detoxification.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Mamta K. Jain, James A. De Lemos, Darren K. McGuire, Colby. Ayers, Jennifer L. Eitson, Claudia L. Sanchez, Dena Kamel, Jessica A. Meisner, Emilia V. Thomas, Anita A. Hegde, Satish Mocherla, Joslyn K. Strebe, Xilong Li, Noelle S. Williams, Chao Xing, Mahmoud S. Ahmed, Ping Wang, Hesham A. Sadek, John W. Schoggins
Summary: In this trial, atovaquone did not show evidence of enhanced SARS-CoV-2 viral clearance compared with placebo, but an inverse correlation was observed between atovaquone levels and viral load, suggesting the need for further PK-guided studies to examine the antiviral effect of atovaquone in COVID-19 patients.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Giovanni Martinotti, Mauro Pettorruso, Chiara Montemitro, Primavera Alessandra Spagnolo, Cecilia Acuti Martellucci, Francesco Di Carlo, Fabrizio Fanella, Massimo di Giannantonio
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in patients with cocaine use disorder (CUD). The results showed that active rTMS treatment significantly improved symptoms of CUD and particularly depressive symptoms. However, no significant differences were observed in cocaine craving and consumption between treatment groups.
PROGRESS IN NEURO-PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY & BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Substance Abuse
Murray A. Raskind, Tammy Williams, Hollie Holmes, Kim Hart, Laura Crews, Eileen L. Poupore, Ronald G. Thomas, Jolee Darnell, Colin Daniels, Kevin Goke, Rebecca Hendrickson, Garth Terry, Cynthia Mayer, Tracy Simpson, Andrew Saxon, Dennis Rasmussen, Elaine R. Peskind
Summary: This study found that the use of the alpha-1 adrenergic receptor antagonist prazosin can reduce alcohol craving, drinking days, and heavy drinking days during alcohol withdrawal in soldiers. The effect is more significant in patients with comorbid PTSD. This finding can be helpful in preventing relapse in patients with alcohol use disorder.
ALCOHOL-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)