Article
Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications
Bin Wang, Dewen Liu, Xin Gao, Yunlei Luo
Summary: This paper proposes a three-dimensional Poincare plot analysis method for heart rate variability. By adding embedded temporal information, the temporal variation of the time series can be adequately reflected. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of this method.
Article
Mechanics
K. E. Hoque, M. Ferdows, S. Sawall, E. E. Tzirtzilakis, M. A. Xenos
Summary: Computed tomography coronary angiography image-based noninvasive virtual fractional flow reserve (vFFR) is a key factor in diagnosing coronary plaque, with both 1D and 3D hemodynamic factors being used to determine the severity of coronary main arteries lesions. The study shows that the 1D computational results can be used to predict the severity of atherosclerotic plaque in clinical procedures.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Yuanhui Wang, Meng Li, Liang Hao
Summary: The comprehensive study on the performance of all-vanadium redox flow batteries with different flow field designs indicates that the serpentine flow field outperforms the interdigitated flow field, despite the higher pressure drop it may cause. Decreasing the channel depth of the serpentine flow field enhances electrolyte mass transfer, especially at high current densities. Furthermore, reducing rib width helps to improve electrolyte convection in the electrode without excessive increase in pressure drop.
JOURNAL OF ELECTROANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Biology
Lisa Klemm, Robert Seydewitz, Tobias Siebert, Markus Boel
Summary: The contraction activation of smooth muscle in the stomach wall (SW) is coordinated by slow electrical waves initiated and propagated by interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC). This model integrates a biophysically based model of ICC pacemaker activity and a mechanical feedback mechanism to simulate gastric slow waves induced by abnormal stretching of the antral SW. The model predicts stretch-induced gastric arrhythmias, such as the emergence of an ectopic pacemaker in the gastric antrum.
COMPUTERS IN BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Alex Khang, Quan Nguyen, Xinzeng Feng, Daniel P. Howsmon, Michael S. Sacks
Summary: This study assessed the shape and contractile behaviors of aortic valve interstitial cells using hydrogel-based 3D traction force microscopy. The results showed that changes in cell shape were closely related to the orientation and behavior of stress fibers.
ACTA BIOMATERIALIA
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Geological
Feng Xiong, Hao Sun, Qihua Zhang, Yongyu Wang, Qinghui Jiang
Summary: This study examines how the connectivity of a three-dimensional discrete fracture network (DFN) can be used to predict flow channelization. The results show that T- and X-intersections play a crucial role in preferential flow and a method to measure flow channeling was developed. It was found that the degree of flow channeling decreases as network density increases. An explicit formula for predicting flow channeling was proposed and shown to be more reliable than existing models.
ENGINEERING GEOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
M. Moriche, A. Gonzalo, O. Flores, M. Garcia-Villalba
Summary: Through simulations of large-amplitude plunging maneuvers at different velocity ratios, it was found that the force coefficients follow a similar trend with the main peak amplitude linearly increasing with the velocity ratio. The Reynolds number and three-dimensionality significantly affect the maximum value of the lift coefficient at the end of the maneuver and its subsequent transient decay.
Article
Engineering, Geological
Hong Fang, Jianting Zhu, Jinrong Qiu, Yaoming Su, Di Xia
Summary: Using laminar or turbulent flow equations indiscriminately to describe groundwater flows in fracture networks may result in large errors. This study proposes a new method that separates laminar and turbulent flows in individual fractures to simulate steady-state groundwater flows in two- and three-dimensional fracture networks. The results show that using the laminar flow equation in all fractures overestimates groundwater flowrates, while using the turbulent flow equation underestimates them.
ENGINEERING GEOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
S. Y. Greer, J. D. Hyman, D. O'Malley
Summary: This study compares various methods for solving steady flow in three-dimensional discrete fracture networks. The methods were evaluated based on compute times and scaling of the solution. The results showed that in most cases, a direct solution using Cholesky factorization outperformed other methods, but the conjugate gradient method with an AMG preconditioner also showed good performance.
WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Alex Khang, Quan Nguyen, Xinzeng Feng, Daniel P. Howsmon, Michael S. Sacks
Summary: Cell shape is influenced by mechanical, chemical, and biological mechanisms and reflects the biophysical state of cells. In this study, we used hydrogel-based 3D traction force microscopy to assess the shape and contractile behaviors of aortic valve interstitial cells (AVICs). We observed changes in AVIC geometry over time and found that AVICs were more elongated when relaxed and more spherical in hyper-contraction. These findings provide insights into stress fiber architecture and mechanical behaviors of AVICs.
ACTA BIOMATERIALIA
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Guoping Wang, Yu Zhang, Mohammed Arefi
Summary: This study investigates the application of three-dimensional nonlocal elasticity theory to elastic static analysis of nanoplates, using a general three-dimensional nonlocal operator with thickness direction operator. The governing equations are derived using the principle of virtual work, and a solution procedure is developed for simply supported nanoplates. The stress and deformation distribution along the transverse direction is presented with changes of significant parameters such as nonlocal parameter and aspect ratio.
ARCHIVES OF CIVIL AND MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Wei Wu, Behram Khan, Mohammadali Sharzehee, Shijia Zhao, Saurabhi Samant, Yusuke Watanabe, Yoshinobu Murasato, Timothy Mickley, Andrew Bicek, Richard Bliss, Thomas Valenzuela, Paul A. Iaizzo, Janaki Makadia, Anastasios Panagopoulos, Francesco Burzotta, Habib Samady, Emmanouil S. Brilakis, George D. Dangas, Yves Louvard, Goran Stankovic, Gabriele Dubini, Francesco Migliavacca, Ghassan S. Kassab, Elazer R. Edelman, Claudio Chiastra, Yiannis S. Chatzizisis
Summary: This study presents a novel algorithm for 3D reconstruction of coronary artery stents based on OCT and angiography, and experimentally validates its accuracy, reproducibility, clinical feasibility, and capability for CFD studies. The algorithm can accurately and reproducibly reproduce complex spatial stent configurations, is feasible for 3D reconstruction of stents deployed in bifurcations, and enables assessment of the local hemodynamic environment within the stent. The high accuracy of the algorithm is consistent across different stent designs and diameters, showing potential for optimization of stenting procedures and development of new stenting techniques.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Xiaojie Duan, Yuying Sun, Jianming Wang
Summary: This article introduces a deeper residual U-Net network with the Efficient Channel Attention (ECA) module for image segmentation of coronary artery stenosis. The experimental results demonstrate that the network outperforms other models in the testing set.
SIGNAL IMAGE AND VIDEO PROCESSING
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Seyed Mohammad Sajadi, Shayan Enayat, Livia Vasarhelyi, Alessandro Alabastri, Minghe Lou, Lucas M. Sassi, Alex Kutana, Sanjit Bhowmick, Christian Durante, Akos Kukovecz, Anand B. Puthirath, Zoltan Konya, Robert Vajtai, Peter Boul, Chandra Sekhar Tiwary, Muhammad M. Rahman, Pulickel M. Ajayan
Summary: Commercial graphite powder was used to develop colloidal ink for 3D printing at room temperature, enabling the fabrication of complex graphitic structures with the addition of a small amount of clay to ensure strong binding between graphite layers. This method allows for easy shape engineering and maintains excellent thermal, electrical, and mechanical properties of the printed structures.
Review
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Vincent Roche, Giovanni Camanni, Conrad Childs, Tom Manzocchi, John Walsh, John Conneally, Muhammad Mudasar Saqab, Efstratios Delogkos
Summary: Normal faults typically consist of multiple sub-parallel segments separated by intact or breached relay zones, which can be classified based on their orientations and connections in 3D space. A large database of fault surfaces generated from 3D seismic reflection surveys highlights the diversity in fault geometry and demonstrates that geological controls play a significant role in the observed fault geometries. The presence of a variety of relay zone geometries on a single fault suggests that individual faults can contain both bifurcating and unconnected segments in three dimensions.
EARTH-SCIENCE REVIEWS
(2021)