Article
Food Science & Technology
Simon D. Kelly, Aiman Abrahim, Peter Rinke, Andrew Cannavan
Summary: An improved procedure utilizing gas chromatography-isotope ratio mass spectrometry has successfully detected the addition of exogenous C4 plant-derived sugars to pineapple juice. Site-specific C-13 analysis of ethanol derived from pineapple sugars has proven to be a reliable method in differentiating between authentic pineapple juices and those adulterated with commercial beet and cane sucrose.
NPJ SCIENCE OF FOOD
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Suzan J. G. Knottnerus, Dewi van Harskamp, Henk Schierbeek, Jeannette C. Bleeker, Loek L. Crefcoeur, Sacha Ferdinandusse, Johannes B. van Goudoever, Riekelt H. Houtkooper, Lodewijk IJlst, Mirjam Langeveld, Ronald J. A. Wanders, Frederic M. Vaz, Frits A. Wijburg, Gepke Visser
Summary: The study investigated the metabolic fates of MCT in healthy individuals using a C-13-labeled MCT tracer. Results showed that when provided as single energy source, 42% of MCT was converted to CO2, while in combination with carbohydrates and proteins in the diet, oxidation of MCT was higher at 62%. Furthermore, less than 1% of C-13-label was incorporated in LCFA in plasma, indicating that administered MCT underwent chain-elongation to LCT.
CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nathaniel W. Snyder, James O'Brien, Bhupinder Singh, Gregory Buchan, Alejandro D. Arroyo, Xiaojing Liu, Anna Bostwick, Erika L. Varner, Anusha Angajala, Robert W. Sobol, Ian A. Blair, Clementina Mesaros, Stacy G. Wendell
Summary: This study investigated the metabolism of oxo-fatty acid products and found that mono-saturated oxo-fatty acids maintained their electrophilicity, while a secondary saturation resulted in a loss of electrophilicity. Prostaglandin reductase 1 (PTGR1) was found to play a critical role in the formation of mono-saturated metabolites of 15-oxoETE and 17-oxoDHA. Overexpression of PTGR1 increased the rate and total amount of oxo-fatty acid saturation in A549 cells.
CHEMICO-BIOLOGICAL INTERACTIONS
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Xiaofei Yang, Zongyuan Han, Tianshuang Xia, Yaping Xu, Zhaoxia Wu
Summary: During microwave heating, edible oils undergo oxidation, affecting their nutritional value and safety. Researching the oxidation mechanisms of unsaturated fatty acids in these oils is important for determining their suitability for microwave heating. An analysis of four common vegetable cooking oils showed that sunflower oil is the most suitable for daily microwave heating, based on changes in acid values, malondialdehyde concentrations, and fatty acid composition during microwave treatment. Monitoring three characteristic functional groups can help track the oxidative changes in oils.
LWT-FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Matias Cabruja, Josefina Priotti, Pablo Domizi, Katharina Papsdorf, Deanna L. Kroetz, Anne Brunet, Kevin Contrepois, Michael P. Snyder
Summary: TriP-MS3 is a mass spectrometry-based method that allows for comprehensive qualitative and semiquantitative profiling of over 6,700 TAG species. This method demonstrated excellent reproducibility and linearity, detecting 285 individual TAG species in human plasma. The accuracy of the method was validated by comparison with a state-of-the-art reverse phase liquid chromatography (RPLC)-MS.
ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA
(2021)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Maria Alcoriza-Balaguer, Juan C. Garcia-Canaveras, Marta Benet, Oscar Juan-Vidal, Agustin Lahoz
Summary: FAMetA is an R package and web-based application that uses C-13 mass isotopologue profiles to estimate fatty acid metabolism. It provides comprehensive characterization of FA biosynthesis and easy-to-interpret graphical representations, allowing for insights into how cells reprogram their FA metabolism and identification of new FAs through metabolic reconstruction.
BRIEFINGS IN BIOINFORMATICS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Philippe Tixier, Denis Loeillet, Mathieu Coulis, Thierry Lescot, Luc de Lapeyre de Bellaire
Summary: With the increasing production of organic bananas, it is crucial to monitor compliance with organic specifications. This study found that the delta N-15 values of organic bananas were significantly higher than conventional ones at farms around the world, while the type of fertilization did not significantly affect delta C-13 values.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Robert N. Helsley, Se-Hyung Park, Hemendra J. Vekaria, Patrick G. Sullivan, Lindsey R. Conroy, Ramon C. Sun, Maria del Mar Romero, Laura Herrero, Joanna Bons, Christina D. King, Jacob Rose, Jesse G. Meyer, Birgit Schilling, C. Ronald Kahn, Samir Softic
Summary: The consumption of sugar and a high-fat diet promotes the development of obesity and metabolic dysfunction. The study found that glucose or fructose supplementation increases the enzyme KHK-C, which leads to abnormal lipogenesis. The researchers also discovered that KHK-C increases lipogenesis and decreases fatty acid oxidation by acetylating CPT1a protein. This finding reveals the mechanism by which dietary fructose exacerbates metabolic complications caused by a high-fat diet.
JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jenny Leopold, Patricia Prabutzki, Kathrin M. Engel, Juergen Schiller
Summary: The occurrence of free fatty acids and reactive oxygen species is characteristic of inflammatory diseases. Unsaturated fatty acids react with reactive oxygen species, producing important products. These modified fatty acids can be released from phospholipids or oxidatively modified, and oligomeric products may be formed. Hydroxy fatty acid esters are considered important products, and there are different opinions on the role of dimeric fatty acids.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jae-Eun Song, Tiago C. Alves, Bernardo Stutz, Matija Sestan-Pesa, Nicole Kilian, Sungho Jin, Sabrina Diano, Richard G. Kibbey, Tamas L. Horvath
Summary: This study investigated a novel role of mitochondrial fission in lipid homeostasis. Inhibition of mitochondrial fission altered the balance of fatty acids between lipid droplets and mitochondria. Moreover, carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1 (CPT1) controlled the respiratory rate of mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Xuepei Zhang, Zhaowei Meng, Christian M. Beusch, Hassan Gharibi, Qing Cheng, Hezheng Lyu, Luciano Di Stefano, Jijing Wang, Amir A. Saei, Akos Vegvari, Massimiliano Gaetani, Roman A. Zubarev
Summary: This study investigated the effects of simultaneous depletion of heavy carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen isotopes on the bacterium E. coli and the enzymes expressed in it. The results showed that bacteria and enzymes grown in depleted media exhibited faster kinetics, possibly due to diminished conformational and vibrational entropy.
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Pedro Ruiz-Sala, Luis Pena-Quintana
Summary: Mitochondrial fatty acid beta-oxidation disorders, including various types and subtypes, present a diverse clinical spectrum and prognosis. The implementation of newborn screening programs has brought new challenges to diagnosis and improved the accuracy of biochemical diagnosis. Interpretation of biomarkers requires caution, considering age, clinical situation, and types of samples or techniques.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
My Tuyen T. Nguyen, Jieun Kim, Nari Seo, A. Hyun Lee, Yong-Ki Kim, Ji A. Jung, Dan Li, Xuan Hong M. To, Khanh Trang N. Huynh, Thanh Van Le, Beenish Israr, Anum Nazir, Jung-A Seo, Daum Lee, Hyun Joo An, Jaehan Kim
Summary: The study found significant differences in human milk fatty acid compositions among different Asian countries, with Pakistani breast milk having high saturated fat content and low unsaturated fatty acids, indicating the need for DHA supplementation in infants. Additionally, the average DHA: ARA ratio in Asian human milk was 1.01.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Hu Liu, Yunning Cao, Jing Hu, Zhonghui Liu, Weiguo Liu
Summary: The study investigated the compound-specific delta D deviations with varying contents injected using isotope ratio mass spectrometry, finding higher delta D values with decreasing amplitudes and larger deviations occurring in low amplitude range. For lab working standards, n-alkane delta D values varied significantly with changes in amplitudes, while repeated analyses of natural samples yielded higher delta D values with lower amplitudes and lower values with higher amplitudes. Amplitude-based correction of lipid delta D values may be attempted, but caution is needed due to large residual errors.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sonia R. Salvatore, Pascal Rowart, Francisco J. Schopfer
Summary: Studies have found that isomers of two fatty acids nitrated were discovered in human urine, with the main group corresponding to nitrated conjugated linolenic acid (NO2-CLnA). Previously reported nitrated omega-3's, oleic acid, arachidonic acid and alpha- and gamma-linolenic acid were unable to be confirmed, suggesting the need for a re-evaluation of their biological formation and presence in humans. Metabolite analysis of NO2-CLnA in human urine revealed their relative abundance and possible role in cell signaling through electrophilic properties and Michael addition reactions.
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Francois Criscuolo, Cedric Sueur, Audrey Bergouignan
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2020)
Review
Neurosciences
Elisa Le Roux, Nathan P. De Jong, Stephane Blanc, Chantal Simon, Daniel H. Bessesen, Audrey Bergouignan
Summary: Physical inactivity and sedentary behaviors are associated with increased risk for common metabolic diseases. High volumes of sedentary behaviors can be detrimental to metabolic health, even in the presence of regular exercise. While exercise training can prevent muscle mass and function loss, it may not fully counteract the negative metabolic adaptations triggered by inactivity.
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2022)
Review
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Mary O. Whipple, Kevin S. Masters, Amy G. Huebschmann, Rebecca L. Scalzo, Jane E. B. Reusch, Audrey Bergouignan, Judith G. Regensteiner
Summary: This systematic review evaluates the acute effects of interrupting prolonged sedentary behavior on vascular health among individuals at risk for type 2 diabetes. The evidence suggests that light and moderate intensity activity breaks can acutely lower blood pressure, but further research is needed to understand the impact on other vascular outcomes.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Priscilla Duboz, Enguerran Macia, Amadou H. Diallo, Emmanuel Cohen, Audrey Bergouignan, Sidy M. Seck
Summary: This interdisciplinary study aimed to understand the emic representations of the good life in rural and urban Senegal and to compare satisfaction levels between the two populations. Surprisingly, the research found that life satisfaction is higher in the rural Ferlo region compared to the capital, Dakar, possibly due to less meaningful social comparisons and a closer relationship with nature for stress restoration. However, the rural Fulani's way of life in the Ferlo region is being threatened by global climate disturbances, requiring rapid adaptations to prevent the disappearance of their identity-based pastoralism.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Terry Guirado, Lore Metz, Bruno Pereira, Audrey Bergouignan, David Thivel, Martine Duclos
Summary: The REMOVE study aims to evaluate the health effects of a 24-week cycling desk intervention among office workers, with 80 office workers randomized into two intervention groups for the study. The study will provide important information on the potential health benefits of implementing cycling workstations in office workers.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Nathan P. De Jong, Michael C. Rudolph, Matthew R. Jackman, Rachel R. Sharp, Ken Jones, Julie Houck, Zhaoxing Pan, Jane E. B. Reusch, Paul S. MacLean, Daniel H. Bessesen, Audrey Bergouignan
Summary: Breaking up sedentary behavior with short-frequent bouts of physical activity has different effects on metabolic health compared to a single continuous bout of matched active time. However, the underlying mechanisms are unknown. This study compared the effects of breaks vs. a single continuous bout of physical activity on skeletal muscle mitochondrial respiration and molecular adaptations in overweight/obese inactive adults. The results showed that breaking up sedentary behavior led to molecular adaptations favoring oxidative capacity in skeletal muscle, but did not improve mitochondrial function in the short term.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Claire Laurens, Franziska Grundler, Anthony Damiot, Isabelle Chery, Anne-Laure Le Maho, Alexandre Zahariev, Yvon Le Maho, Audrey Bergouignan, Guillemette Gauquelin-Koch, Chantal Simon, Stephane Blanc, Francoise Wilhelmi de Toledo
Summary: Fasting for 10 days appears to be safe in healthy humans, with early protein loss decreasing as ketogenesis increases. Combining fasting with physical activity does not negatively impact muscle function.
JOURNAL OF CACHEXIA SARCOPENIA AND MUSCLE
(2021)
Editorial Material
Nutrition & Dietetics
Jose E. Galgani, Audrey Bergouignan, Jennifer Rieusset, Cedric Moro, Julie-Anne Nazare
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Terry Guirado, Lore Metz, Bruno Pereira, Carole Brun, Anthony Birat, Audrey Boscaro, Audrey Bergouignan, David Thivel, Martine Duclos
Summary: This study found that providing a portable pedal machine intervention for 60 minutes per day improved cardiometabolic risk factors and reduced the negative health effects of prolonged sitting for healthy tertiary employees.
JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Sport Sciences
Pierre Bourdier, Alexandre Zahariev, Dale A. Schoeller, Isabelle Chery, Elisa Le Roux, Cecile Thevenot, Alain Maillet, Mael Garnotel, Guillemette Gauquelin-Koch, Audrey Bergouignan, Stephane Blanc, Chantal Simon
Summary: This study investigated the energy balance and body composition changes in astronauts during 6-month missions on the International Space Station. The results showed that ground fitness and inflight overall physical activity are associated with spaceflight-induced energy expenditure and body composition changes. New instruments are needed to measure real-time individual changes in inflight energy balance components.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Terry Guirado, Pierre Bourdier, Bruno Pereira, Elisa Le Roux, Audrey Bergouignan, Anthony Birat, Laurie Isacco, David Thivel, Martine Duclos, Lore Metz
Summary: Active-desks are strategies aimed at reducing sedentary time while working. This study compared the metabolic and physical profile of individuals categorized as high spenders (H-Spenders) versus low spenders (L-Spenders) based on energy expenditure during a cycle-desk low intensity exercise. The results showed that individuals expending more energy during the exercise had a less healthy metabolic profile compared to those expending less energy.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Mary O. Whipple, Ana J. Pinto, Layla A. Abushamat, Audrey Bergouignan, Kristina Chapman, Amy G. Huebschmann, Kevin S. Masters, Kristen J. Nadeau, Rebecca L. Scalzo, Irene E. Schauer, Deirdre Rafferty, Jane E. B. Reusch, Judith G. Regensteiner
Summary: The review and meta-analysis found that there were no sex differences in meeting PA guidelines among adolescents but males were more likely to meet PA guidelines among adults and older adults with T2DM. Females consistently engaged in less MVPA than males across the life span.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Pierre Bourdier, Chantal Simon, Daniel H. Bessesen, Stephane Blanc, Audrey Bergouignan
Summary: The role of physical activity in regulating body weight is still debated. Studies have mainly focused on the effects of moderate/vigorous physical activity, ignoring the impact of light-intensity physical activity and sedentary behaviors. Recent findings suggest that all components of physical activity, including light-intensity activity and sedentary behaviors, play an important role in weight regulation.
Meeting Abstract
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Nathan De Jong, Michael Rudolph, Matthew Jackman, Rachel Sharp, Kenneth Jones, Zhaoxing Pan, Jane Reusch, Paul MacLean, Daniel Bessesen, Audrey Bergouignan
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Pierre Bourdier, Priscilla Duboz, Enguerran Macia, Abdou Ka, Julie-Anne Nazare, Emmanuel Cohen, Gilles Boetsch, Stephane Blanc, Chantal Simon, Audrey Bergouignan
Summary: Despite global efforts to manage obesity, its prevalence continues to rise to pandemic levels due to complex interactions between biological, behavioral, and socio-ecological factors. Physical activity plays a key role in regulating body weight and fat mass, with levels below a certain threshold leading to metabolic control impairment and excessive weight gain. Technological advances have likely decreased physical activity levels, contributing to the obesity epidemic in Westernized countries.
CAHIERS DE NUTRITION ET DE DIETETIQUE
(2021)