Article
Geography, Physical
Katrin Weber, Daniela E. Winkler, Ellen Schulz-Kornas, Thomas M. Kaiser, Thomas Tuetken
Summary: Dental microwear texture analysis is a common method used to reconstruct diet, but post-mortem mechanical modifications of dental surfaces can introduce bias in dietary reconstructions of extinct species. This study explores post-mortem surface alterations during excavation, preparation, and conservation processes, providing methods to identify and differentiate these altered features from ante-mortem wear features caused by ingested diet.
PALAEOGEOGRAPHY PALAEOCLIMATOLOGY PALAEOECOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Anthropology
Blessing Chidimuro, Malin Holst, Sophie Newman, Katie Keefe, Matthew J. Collins, Michelle Alexander
Summary: Historical evidence suggests that social status played a major role in all aspects of society in eighteenth-nineteenth century England. This study provides insights into how socioeconomic status affected the dietary habits of two post-medieval urban populations from Greater Manchester, northwest England. The results reveal unequal access to food by status and dietary distinctions by age and sex, highlighting the impact of social status on food consumption during this period.
ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND ANTHROPOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biology
Lourdes Martinez-Garcia, Giada Ferrari, Angelica Cuevas, Lane M. Atmore, Begona Lopez-Arias, Mark Culling, Laura Llorente-Rodriguez, Arturo Morales-Muniz, Eufrasia Rosello-Izquierdo, Juan Antonio Quiros, Ricard Marlasca-Martin, Bernd Hanfling, William F. Hutchinson, Kjetill S. Jakobsen, Sissel Jentoft, David Orton, Bastiaan Star, James H. Barrett
Summary: Using whole-genome sequencing, this study determined the biological origin of ancient Atlantic cod specimens from England and Spain. The findings provide insights into the timing and geography of the trans-Atlantic cod trade, demonstrating the utility of genomic and ancient DNA approaches in understanding the globalization of marine fisheries.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Eun-Jeong Kim, Hye-Ju Lee
Summary: This study aimed to analyze the nutritional factors associated with the number of present teeth in Korean elderly adults. The findings revealed a significant association between calcium and potassium intake and the number of teeth, indicating the importance of these nutrients in maintaining oral health.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Sara Quattrini, Barbara Pampaloni, Giorgio Gronchi, Francesca Giusti, Maria Luisa Brandi
Summary: Osteoporosis is a widespread public health issue, and the key to management and prevention lies in the correct lifestyle and proper nutrition. Research has shown that the Mediterranean diet is beneficial for reducing the incidence of chronic diseases and lowering the risk of fractures. Nutritional improvement and dietary surveys can help increase adherence to the Mediterranean diet, which is advantageous for osteoporosis prevention.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Femke M. Holwerda, Jordan Bestwick, Mark A. Purnell, John W. M. Jagt, Anne S. Schulp
Summary: This study applies three-dimensional dental microwear texture analysis to determine the dietary constraints and niche partitioning of type-Maastrichtian mosasaurs. The results suggest that mosasaurs did not have clearly defined diets or strict dietary partitioning, but instead can be grouped into three broad categories based on their dietary preferences.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Alessandra Morrone, Mari Torv, Dario Piombino-Mascali, Tina Saupe, Holar Sepp, Heiki Valk, Martin Malve, Ester Oras
Summary: Studying infant diet and feeding practices through stable isotope analysis provides direct insight into the life and health of vulnerable population groups in the past. This study presents a comparative investigation of the staple non-adult diet in urban/rural communities during the 13(th)-17(th) centuries AD, with a special focus on feeding practices. Results suggest the impact of socio-economic circumstances on early childhood nutrition and reveal cultural traditions in child rearing.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Ana Isabel Reyes-Dominguez, Javier Bernabeu-Sendra, Cristina Rodriguez-Sinovas, Alicia Santamaria-Orleans, Roser de Castellar-Sanso, Jorge Martinez-Perez
Summary: In the last decade, feeding patterns, especially among children, have become worse, affecting their dietary habits and adherence to the Mediterranean diet. This study examines the feeding habits of Spanish toddlers after the pandemic. A survey was conducted with 2465 parents of children aged 12 to 36 months, revealing that only 1.38% of children had an adequate intake of all food groups. Compliance with dietary guidelines decreased as toddlers grew older. Factors such as higher fast food consumption, having siblings, and being the second or third child were associated with lower adherence.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Carlo Cocozza, Enrico Cirelli, Marcus Gross, Wolf-Ruediger Teegen, Ricardo Fernandes
Summary: This article introduces a database called CIMA, which contains more than 50,000 isotopic measurements of bioarchaeological samples from medieval Europe. These measurements can be used to study various aspects of medieval Europe, such as human lifeways, paleo-environmental conditions, and agricultural practices. By integrating this large volume of isotopic data with other archaeological and historical data, our knowledge of medieval Europe can be greatly improved.
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Srdan Nedoklan, Zlatka Knezovic, Nina Knezovic, Davorka Sutlovic
Summary: The study compared mineral values in teeth from Croatian populations across different historical periods and found significant differences in elemental content and their interrelationship. The largest variances were observed in magnesium and zinc concentrations, suggesting potential changes in diet and environment over time that impact tooth mineral composition.
ARCHIVES OF ORAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
U. Cooray, G. Tsakos, A. Heilmann, R. G. Watt, K. Takeuchi, K. Kondo, K. Osaka, J. Aida
Summary: Social participation has a positive impact on the health and well-being of older adults in aging societies. This study in Japan focuses on the effect of retaining natural teeth on social participation. The findings suggest that tooth loss prevention scenarios improve social participation, while tooth loss scenarios gradually decrease it.
JOURNAL OF DENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
G. Fournier, D. Maret, S. Duchesne, N. Telmon, F. Diemer, F. Savall
Summary: By comparing the root and root canal morphology of a medieval population from the 8th to 10th century in southwest France with a current French population, it was found that there were differences in root numbers and canal configurations, particularly in the upper premolars, lower canines, and first molars.
ARCHIVES OF ORAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Rachelle S. Opie, Miaobing Zheng, Susan Torres, Karen Campbell
Summary: This study found that post-partum depression is positively associated with increased consumption of discretionary foods in children at 18 months of age, but no association was found between maternal depressive symptoms and child intake of fruits and vegetables. Further longitudinal studies are needed to confirm these findings and improve the physical and mental health of both mother and child.
MATERNAL AND CHILD NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yan Wang, Zhiheng Li, Chun-Chieh Wang, Alida M. M. Bailleul, Min Wang, Jingmai O'Connor, Jinhua Li, Xiaoting Zheng, Rui Pei, Fangfang Teng, Xiaoli Wang, Zhonghe Zhou
Summary: The microstructure of bird teeth differs from other lineages, suggesting that the development of unique morphologies in bird teeth may be related to specialized feeding behaviors. Electron microscopy revealed different patterns of dentinal tubular tissues and mineralized extensions, leading to the understanding of the plasticity of dentin formation in birds. These findings enhance our understanding of the evolution of bird dentition and its adaptation to specialized feeding habits.
ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Adam G. Clooney, Julia Eckenberger, Emilio Laserna-Mendieta, Kathryn A. Sexton, Matthew T. Bernstein, Kathy Vagianos, Michael Sargent, Feargal J. Ryan, Carthage Moran, Donal Sheehan, Roy D. Sleator, Laura E. Targownik, Charles N. Bernstein, Fergus Shanahan, Marcus J. Claesson
Summary: The study found reduced microbiota diversity and increased variability in patients with CD and UC compared to controls. Longitudinal analysis showed decreased temporal microbiota stability in IBD, especially in patients with changes in disease activity. Machine learning was able to separate disease from controls and active from inactive disease.