Article
Plant Sciences
Sunette M. Laurie, Michael W. Bairu, Robert N. Laurie
Summary: Sweet potato is a globally important staple that holds potential in addressing hunger and malnutrition. This study investigated the nutritional composition, biochemical reaction to drought stress, and correlation with root yield in sweet potato cultivars. Orange-fleshed cultivars exhibited higher concentrations of Fe, Zn, Mg, Ca, Mn, and dietary fiber, while cream-fleshed cultivars had higher starch and carbohydrate content. Drought stress significantly affected antioxidant enzymes, chlorophyll and proline concentrations, and C-13 discrimination, all of which showed significant correlations with root yield. Nitrate reductase, proline, and chlorophyll concentrations at 60 days after planting are recommended as screening methods for drought tolerance. The cultivars Bophelo and Ndou, which are gaining popularity, have superior nutritional value and can contribute to food security and addressing malnutrition.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Chunjuan Pu, Guang Yang, Pengying Li, Yang Ge, Thomas Avery Garran, Xiuteng Zhou, Ye Shen, Han Zheng, Meilan Chen, Luqi Huang
Summary: In this study, the effects of AMF on the growth and bioactive compounds of S. miltiorrhiza under different doses of P and N fertilizer were investigated. The results indicated that the mycorrhizal responses varied with the levels of fertilization, highlighting the importance of nutrient balance in maximizing the benefits of mycorrhiza on S. miltiorrhiza.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Orthopedics
N. Peterson, D. C. Perry
Summary: Salter-Harris II fractures of the distal tibia in children frequently result in displacement, posing a treatment dilemma. Current literature is inconclusive on whether conservative or surgical management is better for avoiding complications and adverse outcomes. A systematic review highlights the need for high-quality research to answer this question, and the ODD SOCKS trial aims to fill this gap with prospective multicentre research funded by the National Institute for Health and Care Research.
BONE & JOINT JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Nokuthula Cherry Hlanga, Albert Thembinkosi Modi, Isack Mathew
Summary: The study evaluated the nutritional content in 19 lines of Bambara groundnut, with Mix, Tiganecuru, and Pong-Br-UNK lines showing the highest levels of starch, protein, and fat. This information is crucial for selecting superior lines to improve nutrition in sub-Saharan Africa. The study also highlighted challenges in simultaneous selection for breeding nutritious Bambara groundnut lines due to negative correlations between certain nutrients. Further analysis of anti-nutrient chemicals is recommended.
JOURNAL OF FOOD COMPOSITION AND ANALYSIS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Victor H. Parraguez, Francisco Sales, Oscar Peralta, Monica de los Reyes, Antonio Gonzalez-Bulnes
Summary: Hypoxemia and oxidative stress, resulting from undernourished twin sheep pregnancies, can be improved by maternal supplementation of antioxidants and concentrate feed, leading to better fetal redox status.
Article
Agronomy
Lidia Aparicio-Duran, Aurea Hervalejo, Rocio Calero-Velazquez, Juan M. Arjona-Lopez, Francisco J. Arenas-Arenas
Summary: Salinity is a major issue for citrus cultivation in the Mediterranean basin, while emerging diseases such as Huanglongbing pose additional threats. Different rootstocks can impact citrus plant material variability, affecting their response to abiotic stressors like salinity. The study showed that increasing NaCl concentration resulted in leaf damage symptoms for all citrus rootstocks tested, except for X639.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Michael D. Fox, Robin Guillaume-Castel, Clinton B. Edwards, J. Glanz, Jamison M. Gove, J. A. Mattias Green, E. Juhlin, Jennifer E. Smith, Gareth J. Williams
Summary: Marine heatwaves caused coral bleaching events and devastation of coral populations worldwide, emphasizing the importance of identifying processes that promote coral survival. By studying a central Pacific coral reef, researchers found that an acceleration of ocean currents and shallowing of the surface mixed layer enhanced localized upwelling during El Nino-associated marine heatwaves. These conditions mitigated declines in primary production and increased the supply of nutrients to corals, resulting in limited post-bleaching coral mortality. This study sheds light on the impact of large-scale ocean-climate interactions on reef ecosystems and provides a framework for identifying reefs that may benefit from biophysical linkages during future bleaching events.
Article
Plant Sciences
Utpal Bose, Angela Juhasz, Ronald Yu, Mahya Bahmani, Keren Byrne, Malcolm Blundell, James A. Broadbent, Crispin A. Howitt, Michelle L. Colgrave
Summary: This study investigated the regulatory effect of the lys3 mutation in barley, revealing its impact on storage protein accumulation and critical processes in cereal seeds. The results provide insights into how the lys3 mutation remodels cellular functions and impacts phenotype, offering potential applications in selective breeding for favorable agronomic traits.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Muhammad Ahsan Altaf, Rabia Shahid, Ming-Xun Ren, Latif Ullah Khan, Muhammad Mohsin Altaf, Mohammad Shah Jahan, Muhammad Azher Nawaz, Safina Naz, Sidra Shahid, Milan Kumar Lal, Rahul Kumar Tiwari, Muhammad Adnan Shahid
Summary: The study revealed that vanadium stress inhibited growth and biomass of tomato seedlings, while melatonin application enhanced plant growth parameters, improved nutrient uptake and root traits, and reduced vanadium accumulation. Melatonin also triggered antioxidant enzyme activities, reduced oxidative stress, and improved redox balance, ultimately increasing vanadium stress tolerance in plants.
JOURNAL OF PLANT GROWTH REGULATION
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Shakil Ahmed, Minahil Amjad, Rehana Sardar, Manzer H. Siddiqui, Mohammad Irfan
Summary: Globally, heavy metal toxicity significantly affects crop productivity, with lead (Pb) being the second-most toxic heavy metal that persists in soil. Lead is translocated from rhizosphere soil to plants, posing a significant health hazard to humans through the food chain. This study investigated the use of triacontanol (Tria) seed priming to mitigate Pb phytotoxicity in Phaseolus vulgaris L. Seeds were primed with different concentrations of Tria and then sown in Pb-contaminated soil. Primed seeds reversed the negative effects of Pb, enhancing photosynthetic pigments, stomatal conductance, photosynthetic rate, mineral uptake, and osmotic regulator proline synthesis, while reducing Pb accumulation. Tria application also increased phenolics, soluble protein, and DPPH free radical scavenging activity, suggesting its potential to improve plant tolerance to Pb stress.
Article
Plant Sciences
Jie He, Olivia Wei Jin Ng, Lin Qin
Summary: This study investigates the effects of salinity and salt priming on the growth of M. crystallinum L. The results show that higher salinities and salt priming enhance the nutritional quality of the plant but reduce productivity.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Maria Hernandez, Sergio Recalde, Jorge Gonzalez-Zamora, Valentina Bilbao-Malave, Manuel Saenz de Viteri, Jaione Bezunartea, Maite Moreno-Orduna, Idoia Belza, Jesus Barrio-Barrio, Patricia Fernandez-Robredo, Alfredo Garcia-Layana
Summary: Combining vitamin D with Nutrof Total(R) provides synergistic protection against oxidative and inflammatory stress-induced conditions in retinal epithelial and endothelial cells, reducing cell damage and inflammation.
Article
Ecology
Cristina C. Ledon-Rettig, Sarah R. Lagon
Summary: Developmental plasticity allows for the exploitation of alternative diets, but can have lasting effects on an individual's health and fitness. Feeding on shrimp as larvae can negatively impact juvenile behaviors and stress axis reactivity, particularly in individuals who also experience nutritional stress during early life. Ultimately, the study highlights how diet type and early-life nutritional conditions can shape an individual's developmental trajectory and fitness.
ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2021)
Article
Agronomy
Sanja Cavar Zeljkovic, Nikola Stefelova, Karel Hron, Ivana Dolezalova, Petr Tarkowski
Summary: Lettuce, a widely consumed leafy green vegetable, is affected by environmental stress factors such as salinity and drought, which alter its nutritional value. This study analyzed six Czech lettuce cultivars/landraces and found that drought increased phenolic compounds and some amino acids, while reducing vitamin C and fatty acids. Salt stress resulted in decreased metabolites, particularly arginine, and slightly increased fatty acids and vitamin E. Moreover, statistical analysis indicated that certain varieties, such as Prazan and Altenbursky, showed minimal changes in their chemical composition under drought and salt stress, emphasizing the importance of cultivating traditional varieties for improving staple food crops.
Article
Plant Sciences
Sina Nouraei, Md Sultan Mia, Hui Liu, Neil C. C. Turner, Javed M. M. Khan, Guijun Yan
Summary: Drought is a significant challenge for wheat production and this study investigated the mechanism behind drought tolerance in wheat using proteomic analysis. The study identified 41 differentially expressed proteins related to drought tolerance and revealed important pathways involved in drought tolerance, such as transcription, translation, protein export, photosynthesis, and carbohydrate metabolism. Several candidate proteins responsible for drought tolerance were suggested, including 30S ribosomal protein S15, SRP54 domain-containing protein, auxin-repressed protein, serine hydroxymethyltransferase, and an uncharacterized protein.