Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Shuyi Tan, Yonghao Qiu, Huacui Xiong, Chunhui Wang, Yifan Chen, Wangxi Wu, Zhen Yang, Fujian Zhao
Summary: Endochondral ossification (ECO) is a critical step in bone augmentation, and researchers have discovered that a hydrogel inspired by mussel adhesion mechanism can accelerate the ECO process, leading to enhanced bone growth.
MATERIALS TODAY BIO
(2023)
Article
Biology
Alberto Sanchez-Bonaste, Luis F. S. Merchante, Carlos Gonzalez-Bravo, Alberto Carnicero
Summary: This article proposes a mechanism that can measure the thickness of the entire bone surface and align and orient all the images to reduce human intervention. With classical morphological and deep learning segmentation, the algorithm is able to measure the cortical thickness accurately. The experimental results show that the algorithm provides thickness values with an average difference of 0.25 millimeters and a standard deviation of 0.2 compared to measurements done by a radiologist.
COMPUTERS IN BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Matthew K. Defenderfer, Pinar Demirayak, Leland L. Fleming, Dawn K. DeCarlo, Paul Stewart, Kristina M. Visscher
Summary: Late-stage macular degeneration often impairs central vision, causing individuals to rely on peripheral vision. Patients with macular degeneration develop a preferred retinal locus to compensate for the loss of central vision. This study found that the thickness of the cortex associated with the preferred retinal locus was thinner in patients with macular degeneration compared to controls. However, there were no significant differences in cortical thickness, neurite density, or orientation dispersion between the preferred retinal locus and control regions.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Xiaoyu Wang, Julien Lefevre, Amine Bohi, Mariam Al Harrach, Mickael Dinomais, Francois Rousseau
Summary: The study investigated the effects of cortical growth, initial geometry, and initial cortical thickness on folding patterns, as well as proposed a new metric to quantify folds orientation. It was found that different factors have varying effects on the cortical structure, including changes in folds orientation and depth.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Pierre Le Pabic, Daniel. B. B. Dranow, Diego. J. J. Hoyle, Thomas. F. F. Schilling
Summary: Research on the genetic mechanisms underlying human skeletal development and disease have increasingly turned to zebrafish as a model organism. Despite anatomical differences, the conservation of cell types and genetic pathways in cartilage and bone development between teleost fish and humans has been highlighted. Recent studies have shown the importance of cartilage polarity, early establishment of signaling systems, and cartilage proliferation in zebrafish skeletal research. These findings provide valuable insights into the causes and potential therapies for human endochondral bone diseases.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Doeschka A. Ferro, Hugo J. Kuijf, Saima Hilal, Susanne J. van Veluw, Danielle van Veldhuizen, Narayanaswamy Venketasubramanian, Boon Yeow Tan, Geert Jan Biessels, Christopher Chen
Summary: This study found cortical atrophy surrounding CMIs, suggesting a perilesional effect in a cortical area many times larger than the CMI core. Our findings support the notion that CMIs affect brain structure beyond the actual lesion site.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maria Jalbrzikowski, Amy Lin, Ariana Vajdi, Vardui Grigoryan, Leila Kushan, Christopher R. K. Ching, Charles Schleifer, Rebecca A. Hayes, Stephanie A. Chu, Catherine A. Sugar, Jennifer K. Forsyth, Carrie E. Bearden
Summary: By probing naturally-occurring reciprocal genomic copy number variations (CNVs), this study sheds light on altered neurodevelopment in 22q11.2 CNV carriers. The research reveals distinct longitudinal trajectories of cortical thickness (CT) and cortical surface area (SA) in different CNV carriers, as well as their associations with clinical outcomes. The findings offer new insights into the neural mechanisms underlying deviations from typical brain development.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
L. Mangiavini, G. M. Peretti, B. Canciani, N. Maffulli
Summary: During endochondral bone development, the EGF pathway plays a crucial role in regulating cell proliferation, hypertrophy, and cartilage replacement by bone. Understanding the role of EGF in bone metabolism and endochondral bone development may have potential clinical applications in musculoskeletal conditions.
ANNALS OF MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Orthopedics
Christian R. D'Andrea, Ausilah Alfraihat, Anita Singh, Jason B. Anari, Patrick J. Cahill, Thomas Schaer, Brian D. Snyder, Dawn Elliott, Sriram Balasubramanian
Summary: The review showed that macro-scale changes in longitudinal bone growth resulting from mechanical loading depend on load magnitude, anatomical location, and species. Variations in cyclic loading frequency and amplitude did not significantly affect longitudinal growth, but did impact the morphology, viability, and gene and protein expression within the growth plate. Intermittent compression regimens can preserve or increase growth plate height and stimulate chondrocyte presence in the hypertrophic zone.
JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Lin-Yu Jin, Chen Guo, Shuai Xu, Hai-Ying Liu, Xin-Feng Li
Summary: The study revealed that ob/ob mice exhibit contrasting growth patterns in appendicular and axial bone growth, with ERα playing a key role in regulating these growth patterns. The absence of leptin seems to disrupt the regulatory effects of ER antagonists on bone growth in ob/ob mice.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Anna-Lisa Schuler, Giulio Ferrazzi, Nigel Colenbier, Giorgio Arcara, Francesco Piccione, Florinda Ferreri, Daniele Marinazzo, Giovanni Pellegrino
Summary: This study investigates the relationship between cortical thickness and gamma synchrony in the brain. The results show a significant positive correlation between cortical thickness and gamma synchrony, indicating the involvement of underlying cell density in gamma circuitries. The findings contribute to the understanding of cortical functional and structural properties.
Article
Neurosciences
Marvin Petersen, Felix L. Naegele, Carola Mayer, Maximilian Schell, D. Leander Rimmele, Elina Petersen, Simone Kuehn, Juergen Gallinat, Uta Hanning, Jens Fiehler, Raphael Twerenbold, Christian Gerloff, Goetz Thomalla, Bastian Cheng
Summary: The study identified a pattern of age-related cortical thickness differences, particularly with pronounced age effects in sensorimotor areas, showing strong correlations with connectivity profiles of functional and structural brain networks. Additionally, the identified difference pattern significantly covaried with cognitive and motor performance.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Fabiana R. Araujo, Bruno M. Bertassoli, Natalia M. Ocarino, Amanda M. S. Reis, Juneo F. Silva, Lorena G. R. Ribeiro, Rogeria Serakides
Summary: In this study, we evaluated the cultures of femoral chondrocytes from offspring of rats with intrauterine growth restriction induced by maternal hyperthyroidism. We found that maternal hyperthyroidism did not alter the chondrocyte morphology or viability, but significantly reduced the percentage of PAS+ areas, decreased the expression of Col2 and Acan genes, and increased the expression of Sox9 gene.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Ana E. Sheehan, Emily Heilner, Nadia Bounoua, Rickie Miglin, Jeffrey M. Spielberg, Naomi Sadeh
Summary: This study investigates the association between perseverative thinking (PT) and suicidal ideation, as well as their biological underpinnings. The findings suggest that PT is associated with variations in cortical thickness, with increased thickness in the left parietal region partially explaining the link between PT and suicidal ideation.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2022)
Article
Biology
Nikhil Bhagwat, Amadou Barry, Erin W. Dickie, Shawn T. Brown, Gabriel A. Devenyi, Koji Hatano, Elizabeth DuPre, Alain Dagher, Mallar Chakravarty, Celia M. T. Greenwood, Bratislav Misic, David N. Kennedy, Jean-Baptiste Poline
Summary: The study highlighted the impact of pipeline selection on cortical thickness measures using an open structural MRI dataset (ABIDE). Results showed that software, parcellation, and quality control significantly affect task-driven neurobiological inference.