Article
Food Science & Technology
Lingyu Fang, Meili Zhang, Lianqiang Wu, Ruiquan Wang, Bangbang Lin, Jianfeng Yao, Dongmei Chen
Summary: The study demonstrated that preterm donor milk does not impact the growth of very-low-birth-weight infants, but significantly reduces feeding intolerance, shortens hospitalization time, and provides protective effects against necrotizing enterocolitis and sepsis. This suggests that preterm donor milk may lower the rate of infection in preterm infants and is worth promoting.
FOOD & NUTRITION RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Pediatrics
Baoying Feng, Zhihui Zhang, Qiufen Wei, Yan Mo, Mengmeng Luo, Lianfang Jing, Yan Li
Summary: We built a reliable prediction model to assess the risk of NEC in preterm and very low birth weight infants. By analyzing medical data, we identified key predictors and constructed a model with good predictive ability.
FRONTIERS IN PEDIATRICS
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Yun Cao, Siyuan Jiang, Jianhua Sun, Mingyan Hei, Laishuan Wang, Huayan Zhang, Xiaolu Ma, Hui Wu, Xiaoying Li, Huiqing Sun, Wei Zhou, Yuan Shi, Yanchen Wang, Xinyue Gu, Tongling Yang, Yulan Lu, Lizhong Du, Chao Chen, Shoo K. Lee, Wenhao Zhou
Summary: This cohort study evaluated care practices and outcomes for very preterm infants in Chinese neonatal intensive care units. The findings suggest that survival rates and survival without major morbidity for these infants in China are lower compared to high-income countries, highlighting the need for clinical quality improvement and health services reorganization to enhance outcomes.
Review
Pediatrics
Ramaa Chitale, Kacey Ferguson, Megan Talej, Wen-Chien Yang, Siran He, Karen M. Edmond, Emily R. Smith
Summary: Early enteral feeding within 72 hours after birth is likely to reduce mortality and length of hospital stay in preterm and low birth weight infants, and may also decrease the risk of sepsis and weight at discharge. However, its effect on other outcomes such as necrotizing enterocolitis is uncertain.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Nor Rosidah Ibrahim, Hans Van Rostenberghe, Jacqueline J. Ho, Ariffin Nasir
Summary: The study found no significant differences in the time taken to achieve full feeding between two-hourly and three-hourly feeding intervals. However, there is insufficient information on potential feeding complications and the risk of NEC. No long-term data on neurodevelopment or growth were available.
COCHRANE DATABASE OF SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS
(2021)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Deena Thomas, Akash Sharma, M. Jeeva Sankar
Summary: In this study, Bayesian network meta-analysis was used to identify the probiotic strain with the maximum benefit in preventing neonatal mortality, sepsis, and NEC. The combination of B longum, B bifidum, B infantis, and L acidophilus may reduce the risk of mortality, sepsis, and NEC, but the evidence is uncertain. B lactis may also reduce the risk of mortality and NEC, but the evidence is uncertain. Further research is needed to determine the optimal probiotics for use in preterm neonates in low- and middle-income countries.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Nikitha Mangalapally, Shruti Patel, Erin M. Schofield, Christine Capriolo, Natalie L. Davis
Summary: This study evaluated the impact of ceasing gastric aspirate monitoring on necrotizing enterocolitis and nutritional outcomes in critically ill neonates. The results showed that discontinuing gastric aspirate monitoring was associated with shorter time to initiation of feeds, shorter time to achieve full enteral feeds, and shorter central line duration, without increasing the risk of necrotizing enterocolitis. Therefore, routine gastric aspirate monitoring is not necessary in neonates receiving gavage feeds without concerning clinical exam findings.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC GASTROENTEROLOGY AND NUTRITION
(2023)
Review
Pediatrics
Ke-Zhao Zhou, Kang Wu, Lin-Xuan Deng, Man Hu, Yu-Xiang Luo, Li-Yan Zhang
Summary: This study aims to review the evidence for the optimal regimen of probiotics for the prevention of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in very low birth weight infants. The results of the network meta-analysis suggest that the combination of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG and bovine lactoferrin may be the most recommended regimen for the prevention of NEC in very low birth weight infants.
FRONTIERS IN PEDIATRICS
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Nicholas D. Embleton, Thomas Sproat, Sabita Uthaya, Gregory R. Young, Shalabh Garg, Vimal Vasu, Andrea C. Masi, Lauren Beck, Neena Modi, Christopher J. Stewart, Janet E. Berrington
Summary: This study investigated the effect of an exclusive human milk diet on the gut microbiome of preterm infants. The results showed that an exclusive human milk diet did not affect the overall diversity of gut bacteria but had an impact on specific bacterial taxa associated with human milk receipt.
Review
Pediatrics
Claire L. Granger, Nicholas D. Embleton, Jeremy M. Palmer, Christopher A. Lamb, Janet E. Berrington, Christopher J. Stewart
Summary: Breastmilk offers numerous nutritional and immunological benefits for newborn infants, influencing the gut microbiome and leading to reduced risks of necrotising enterocolitis and improved neurodevelopmental outcomes in preterm infants. These long-term benefits present potential areas for research and novel therapies in high-risk infants.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Mangesh Deshmukh, Sanjay Patole
Summary: Probiotics have been shown to reduce the risk of necrotizing enterocolitis, late onset sepsis, and all-cause mortality in preterm neonates. Implementing routine probiotic supplementation can significantly improve outcomes in these vulnerable infants.
ADVANCES IN NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Pediatrics
Anlaug Vatne, Nina Hapnes, Hans Jorgen Stensvold, Ingvild Dalen, Hans Jorgen Guthe, Ragnhild Stoen, Anne Karin Brigtsen, Arild E. Ronnestad, Claus Klingenberg
Summary: The objective of this study was to evaluate the association between empirical antibiotic therapy in the first postnatal week in uninfected infants born very preterm and the risk of adverse outcomes until discharge. The results showed that 77% of live-born infants born very preterm received antibiotics in the first postnatal week, which was associated with an increased risk of death, severe morbidity, and severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Xuerong Tan, Yunxia Zhou, Lan Xu, Li Zhang, Jiaying Wang, Wenqiong Yang
Summary: This retrospective cohort study investigates the influencing factors of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in low birth weight (LBW) newborns. The study finds that congenital heart disease, sepsis, and blood transfusion are independent risk factors for NEC, while breastfeeding and probiotics feeding are protective factors. The study also suggests that infants who undergo surgery for NEC have better prognosis. Comprehensive interventions targeting the risk and protective factors are recommended to improve the prognosis of LBW infants with NEC.
Article
Pediatrics
Brian A. Juber, Timothy J. Boly, Graeme J. Pitcher, Steven J. McElroy
Summary: In this study, a retrospective analysis of infants showed that routine probiotic supplementation did not significantly alter the rates of modified Bell's stage >= 2a NEC or all-cause pre-discharge mortality in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants at the institution.
FRONTIERS IN PEDIATRICS
(2021)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Arieh Riskin, Shlomit Riskin-Mashiah, Omer Itzchaki, David Bader, Inna Zaslavsky-Paltiel, Liat Lerner-Geva, Brian Reichman
Summary: The study found that cesarean section delivery is associated with an increased risk of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in multiple births, but not in singletons. Additionally, lower gestational age, being small for gestational age, and having patent ductus arteriosus are all factors that increase the odds of NEC.
JOURNAL OF MATERNAL-FETAL & NEONATAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Correction
Pediatrics
Gajanan Purohit, Puja Mehkarkar, Gayatri Athalye-Jape, Elizabeth Nathan, Sanjay Patole
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2022)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Gayatri Athalye-Jape, Mei'En Lim, Elizabeth Nathan, Mary Sharp
Summary: In extremely preterm infants weighing <500 g at birth, over 50% survived after admission to intensive care. Medical morbidities were common, with over 40% of infants having moderate to severe disability at age five, and a higher rate of disability in small for gestational age infants.
EARLY HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Gayatri Athalye-Jape, Meera Esvaran, Sanjay Patole, Karen Simmer, Elizabeth Nathan, Dorota Doherty, Anthony Keil, Shripada Rao, Liwei Chen, Lakshmi Chandrasekaran, Chooi Kok, Stephan Schuster, Patricia Conway
Summary: The study found that triple-strain probiotics and single-strain probiotics have similar effects on preterm infants. Both probiotics were effective in reducing dysbiosis in the gut microbiota. However, further research is needed to examine the long-term implications of increased propionate and butyrate.
BMJ OPEN GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Pediatrics
Ana Teresa Leslie, Manar Saleh, Naharmal Soni, Patrick Tang, Venkat Kallem, Charlotte Tscherning, Kiran More
Article
Clinical Neurology
S. Desai, G. Athalye-Jape, S. Madhala, W. Tee, M. Sharp, E. Nathan, D. Shrestha, S. Patole
Summary: This study compares the accuracy of the Al-Abdi system and the Papile system in predicting neurodevelopmental impairment in extremely preterm infants with severe germinal matrix hemorrhage?intraventricular hemorrhage. The study finds that the Al-Abdi system is comparable to the Papile system in predicting neurodevelopmental impairment, with higher Al-Abdi scores being more specific.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF NEURORADIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Rachel Shadbolt, Michael Lee Shee We, Rolland Kohan, Michelle Porter, Gayatri Athalye-Jape, Elizabeth Nathan, Damber Shrestha, Tobias Strunk
Summary: This study aimed to characterize neonatal Staphylococcus aureus (SA) sepsis in Western Australia, examine risk factors, and compare outcomes to control infants. The incidence of SA sepsis decreased over the years, and infants with SA sepsis had longer ventilatory support duration and worse neurodevelopmental outcomes.
JOURNAL OF PERINATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Roopali Soni, Naharmal Soni, Aravanan Chakkarapani, Samir Gupta, Phani Kiran Yajamanyam, Sanoj K. M. Ali, Mohammed El Anbari, Moath Alhamad, Dhullipala Anand, Kiran More
Summary: This study evaluated the utility of serial echocardiography in the management of newborns with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH). It found that ventricular dysfunction in CDH newborns is not only a predictor of disease severity, but also mortality and need for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). Birth weight, initial severity of pulmonary hypertension, and postoperative markers of cardiac function were identified as useful predictors of mortality. Serial timed functional echocardiography can guide targeted therapy in CDH patients.
PEDIATRIC CARDIOLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Pediatrics
Cheryl Anne Mackay, Mary Isabel O'Dea, Gayatri Athalye-Jape
ARCHIVES OF DISEASE IN CHILDHOOD
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Cheryl A. Mackay, Disna Abeysuriya, Jan E. Dickinson, Stephen Shipton, Gayatri Athalye-Jape
JOURNAL OF PAEDIATRICS AND CHILD HEALTH
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Harshad Panchal, Gayatri Athalye-Jape, Shripada Rao, Sanjay Patole
Summary: Probiotic supplementation has a positive effect on short-term weight gain in preterm infants, but does not significantly impact length, head circumference, long-term growth, and neurodevelopmental outcomes. Further adequately powered randomized controlled trials are needed for more research in this area.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Satyan Lakshminrusimha, Kiran More, Prakesh S. Shah, James L. Wynn, Pablo J. Sanchez
SEMINARS IN FETAL & NEONATAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
C. P. Rath, G. Athalye-Jape, E. Nathan, D. Doherty, S. Rao, S. Patole
Summary: This study compares the outcomes of preterm infants in different epochs and finds that routine probiotic supplementation has sustained benefits in reducing necrotising enterocolitis and mortality.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Ju Li Ang, Gayatri Athalye-Jape, Shripada Rao, Max Bulsara, Sanjay Patole
Summary: This study aimed to update and evaluate the effects of Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 on necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), late-onset sepsis (LOS), and time to full feeds (TFF) in preterm infants. The results showed that LR DSM 17938 may reduce the incidence of NEC and LOS in preterm infants, and shorten TFF. However, the existing evidence was of very low certainty and further research is needed to confirm these findings.
JOURNAL OF PARENTERAL AND ENTERAL NUTRITION
(2023)
Review
Pediatrics
Chandra Rath, Gayatri Athalye-Jape, Shripada Rao, Sanjay Patole
Summary: Probiotics may have benefits for preterm infants, but the optimal dose is still debated. Current research suggests that higher doses might lead to better gut colonization, but further studies are needed to confirm this.
Review
Pediatrics
Lana A. Shaiba, Kiran More, Adnan Hadid, Rana Almaghrabi, Munira Al Marri, Mahdi Alnamnakani, Prakesh Shah
Summary: MIS-N related to SARS-CoV-2 is increasingly reported in neonates. This study systematically reviewed the demographic profiles, clinical features, laboratory parameters, complications, treatments, and outcomes of neonates with MIS-N. The results showed that MIS-N neonates had cardiorespiratory compromise and a possibility of high mortality.
