Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Gunes Parlakgul, Ana Paula Arruda, Song Pang, Erika Cagampan, Nina Min, Ekin Guney, Grace Yankun Lee, Karen Inouye, Harald F. Hess, C. Shan Xu, Gokhan S. Hotamisligil
Summary: This study reveals the complex structural organization of organelles in liver tissue and highlights the significant alterations in obese mice. The functional importance of these structural changes on cellular and systemic metabolism is also demonstrated.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Daniel Cook, Alexandra Manchel, Babatunde A. Ogunnaike, Rajanikanth Vadigepalli
Summary: Recent experiments on liver homeostatic renewal have found that hepatocyte populations with high replication capacity are primarily responsible for maintaining liver mass. However, the processes controlling liver homeostatic renewal are still unknown. To address this, a mathematical model was developed that describes the interactions of cellular networks underlying liver homeostatic renewal. Simulation results showed that without feedback control, basic homeostatic renewal is not robust and can lead to tissue loss under persistent/repetitive injury. Incorporating putative regulatory interactions in the model improved its robustness, but simulations indicated that repeated injury can still destabilize liver homeostasis over several months, contrasting with the slower decay of liver function observed in epidemiological studies. Further extending the model to include feedback control by liver nonparenchymal cells suggested that achieving robust liver homeostatic renewal requires intrinsic stability in hepatocellular networks combined with feedback control by nonparenchymal cells.
INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Ying Lyu, Yejing Ge
Summary: Skin, the largest organ in the human body, undergoes aging processes such as wrinkling and hair graying, which are associated with epigenetic and metabolic deregulations. In the skin epithelium, the epigenome and metabolome play important roles in shaping cell lineage plasticity and regulating stem cell function during aging. This review summarizes recent studies on the molecular mechanisms of hair follicle degeneration, comparing findings from skin with model organisms and adult stem cells from other tissues.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Zhengyang Kang, Bin Wu, Luhui Zhang, Xinzhi Liang, Dong Guo, Shuai Yuan, Denghui Xie
Summary: The repair of bone defects is a challenge in medicine, and biomaterials involved in metabolic regulation offer a promising solution. This review discusses the mechanisms of bone regeneration, metabolic regulation in osteoblasts, and biomaterials for bone regeneration. It also explores how materials can affect cell metabolism and states. With the growing interest in cell metabolic regulation, advanced materials have the potential to help a larger population in overcoming bone defects.
FRONTIERS IN BIOENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Atsushi Miura, Takashi Hosono, Taiichiro Seki
Summary: Depleting macrophages can suppress tissue remodeling and partially delay cell proliferation during regeneration after acute liver injury. Inhibiting tissue remodeling caused by depleted macrophages can delay the recovery of metabolic functions, indicating that liver injury affects liver metabolism.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Xuewen Duan, Xingguang Liu, Zhenzhen Zhan
Summary: Mortality from heart diseases, especially ischemic cardiomyopathy, remains the highest in the world. While adult mammalian hearts have limited regenerative capacity, early neonatal hearts possess stronger regenerative ability. Promoting endogenous regeneration of adult mammalian cardiomyocytes is crucial for improving the prognosis of heart failure patients and finding effective therapeutic strategies. This review focuses on the role of energy metabolism in cardiac regeneration to provide insights into manipulating heart regeneration and promoting heart repair after injury.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Meg L. Mcfetridge, Ketav Kulkarni, Tzong-Hsien Lee, Mark P. Del Borgo, Marie-Isabel Aguilar, Sharon D. Ricardo
Summary: Self-assembling lipopeptide hydrogels have been widely studied for therapeutics delivery due to their desirable properties such as rapid gelation, injectability, and controlled physicochemical characteristics. In this study, the researchers aimed to encapsulate cells in a 3D hydrogel using self-assembling lipidated-beta(3)-peptides, which have been previously used as 2D substrates in cell culture. Through fluorescence microscopy and surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy, it was found that lipidated beta(3)-peptides can penetrate the cell membrane and localize to the mitochondrial network. However, further optimization may be necessary to minimize membrane uptake for cell encapsulation applications.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Meg L. Mcfetridge, Ketav Kulkarni, Tzong-Hsien Lee, Mark P. Del Borgo, Marie-Isabel Aguilar, Sharon D. Ricardo
Summary: Self-assembling lipopeptide hydrogels have been widely used for therapeutics delivery due to their unique properties. However, their potential application in cell-encapsulation is still being explored. In this study, the authors assessed the cell-penetrating properties of lipidated-ss(3)-peptides in mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) and demonstrated that these peptides can penetrate the MSC plasma membrane and localize to the mitochondrial network. Further optimization is needed to minimize the membrane uptake of these peptides for cell encapsulation applications.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Dakota R. Robarts, Steven R. McGreal, David S. Umbaugh, Wendena S. Parkes, Manasi Kotulkar, Sarah Abernathy, Norman Lee, Hartmut Jaeschke, Sumedha Gunewardena, Stephen A. Whelan, John A. Hanover, Natasha E. Zachara, Chad Slawson, Udayan Apte
Summary: This study reveals the critical role of O-GlcNAcylation in the termination of liver regeneration through regulation of HNF4 alpha in hepatocytes.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Svetlana Rodimova, Artem Mozherov, Vadim Elagin, Maria Karabut, Ilya Shchechkin, Dmitry Kozlov, Dmitry Krylov, Alena Gavrina, Nikolai Bobrov, Vladimir Zagainov, Elena Zagaynova, Daria Kuznetsova
Summary: Liver regeneration has been extensively studied, with the mechanisms of normal liver regeneration well-described. However, it is equally important to study the mechanisms that disrupt the process. Liver regeneration may be compromised in the presence of hepatic pathology, which reduces its regenerative potential. Understanding these mechanisms can help develop therapies to reduce inhibitory factors and stimulate liver regeneration.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Yuan-E Lian, Yan-Nan Bai, Jian-Lin Lai, Ai-Min Huang
Summary: The study found that aberrant autophagy in fibrotic liver leads to impaired liver regeneration. Enhancement of autophagy improves hepatocyte proliferative capacity and restricts cellular hypertrophy and binuclearity ratio.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ji Eon Kim, Eunmi Kim, Jung Weon Lee
Summary: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) affects up to 30% of the global population and can progress to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), which has a low 5-year survival rate. This review highlights the importance of specifically diagnosing and treating the co-occurrence of metabolic disorders and inflammatory environments during the development of steatohepatitis to prevent fatal HCC. The role of Transmembrane 4 L six family member 5 (TM4SF5) in regulating metabolic functions and activities in hepatocytes is discussed, as well as its potential as an NAFLD biomarker and its effects on nutrient transporters and immune cells in chronic liver diseases.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Beiyong Cui, Liu Yang, Yingying Zhao, Xiya Lu, Meiyi Song, Chang Liu, Changqing Yang
Summary: In-depth knowledge of liver regeneration is vital for developing therapies for liver injury and failure. This study reveals the role of HOXA13 in promoting hepatocyte proliferation and liver function recovery during regeneration, possibly through the upregulation of BMP-7 mRNA.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Review
Physiology
Baiye Ruan, Robert F. Paulson
Summary: Steady state erythropoiesis produces new erythrocytes at a constant rate, while stress erythropoiesis is induced during infection and tissue damage to compensate for the loss of erythroid output. Stress erythropoiesis relies on rapid proliferation of immature progenitor cells, and metabolic changes play a central role in regulating their proliferation and differentiation.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Christian Moya Gamboa, Yujue Wang, Huiting Xu, Katarzyna Kalemba, Fredric E. Wondisford, Hatem E. Sabaawy
Summary: Studies suggest that optimized conditions with limited use of the TGF beta inhibitor A8301, along with the inclusion of Forskolin and Oncostatin M, can facilitate the expansion of adult donor-derived hepatic organoids (HepAOs) and HepG2 cells with gluconeogenic competence. These models increase the diversity of human hepatic cellular tools available for liver metabolic assays.
