Article
Environmental Sciences
Brad A. Racette, Gill Nelson, Wendy W. Dlamini, Pradeep Prathibha, Jay R. Turner, Mwiza Ushe, Harvey Checkoway, Lianne Sheppard, Susan Searles Nielsen
Summary: This study suggests that environmental manganese exposure may be associated with clinical parkinsonism, with higher PM2.5-Mn concentrations and poorer motor function performance observed in residents of Meyerton compared to those in Ethembalethu.
ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Karla Gray-Roncal, Kathryn C. Fitzgerald, Lana Zhovtis Ryerson, Leigh Charvet, Sandra D. Cassard, Robert Naismith, Daniel Ontaneda, Kedar Mahajan, Wanda Castro-Borrero, Ellen M. Mowry
Summary: Black Americans with multiple sclerosis (MS) have a greater burden of disease compared to White Americans, even after adjusting for socioeconomic indicators. While lower socioeconomic status correlates with worse neuroperformance scores in White Americans, this association is less clear in Black Americans.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Karla Gray-Roncal, Kathryn C. Fitzgerald, Lana Zhovtis Ryerson, Leigh Charvet, Sandra D. Cassard, Robert Naismith, Daniel Ontaneda, Kedar Mahajan, Wanda Castro-Borrero, Ellen M. Mowry
Summary: Black Americans with multiple sclerosis showed more severe clinical and imaging features compared to White Americans, including worse disability, cognitive processing speed, walking speed, manual dexterity, higher lesion burden, and lower overall and gray matter brain volumes. Lower socioeconomic status correlated with worse neuroperformance in White Americans but this association was less clear in Black Americans. Further studies should investigate other societal constructs like systemic racism to better understand prognostic factors and develop optimal treatment strategies for Black Americans with MS.
Article
Ophthalmology
Jie Guo, Xiaofeng Li, Ruiqi Ma, Lu Gan, Jiang Qian
Summary: This study evaluated the changes of retinal nerve fibre layer and ganglion cell layer/inner plexiform layer in patients with TED and found that subclinical optic neuropathy might progress in those with moderate-to-severe TED. OCT measurements of GCL/IPL and RNFL are useful for detecting early changes in the optic nerve, with thinning of GCL/IPL suggesting a need for closer vision follow-up and earlier decompression surgery.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Su Jin Lim, Chong Hyun Suh, Woo Hyun Shim, Sang Joon Kim
Summary: The diagnostic performance of T2*-weighted GRE imaging, SWI, or QSM in differentiating MSA-P from PD was investigated in this study, showing promising results with high sensitivity and specificity. Further large multicenter prospective studies are needed to confirm the findings and explore the potential clinical utility of these imaging techniques.
EUROPEAN RADIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Elias S. Sotirchos, Eleni S. Vasileiou, Angeliki G. Filippatou, Kathryn C. Fitzgerald, Matthew D. Smith, Hannah-Noelle Lord, Grigorios Kalaitzidis, Jeffrey Lambe, Anna Duval, Jerry L. Prince, Ellen M. Mowry, Shiv Saidha, Peter A. Calabresi
Summary: This study examined the associations between sNfL and OCT-derived retinal measures in MS patients. Elevated baseline sNfL was associated with accelerated rates of retinal neuroaxonal loss in relapsing-remitting MS, but not in progressive MS.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Christian Cordano, Bardia Nourbakhsh, Hao H. Yiu, Nico Papinutto, Eduardo Caverzasi, Ahmed Abdelhak, Frederike C. Oertel, Alexandra Beaudry-Richard, Adam Santaniello, Simone Sacco, Daniel J. Bennett, Apraham Gomez, Christina J. Sigurdson, Stephen L. Hauser, Roberta Magliozzi, Bruce A. C. Cree, Roland G. Henry, Ari J. Green
Summary: The rate of neurodegeneration in the retina and brain during the course of multiple sclerosis (MS) varies with age, suggesting that the period of greatest inflammation coincides with the period of greatest neuroaxonal loss.
Article
Ophthalmology
Bijendra Mohanty, Amar Kumar Misra, Sanjay Kumar, Gautam Guha, Annesh Bhattacharya, Pideno S. Ngullie, Akash Manna, Tapashya Nanda, Joydeep Mukherjee
Summary: This study found that changes in retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness are associated with the development and severity of ALS. The differences in RNFL thickness between ALS patients and healthy controls were statistically significant, and there was a gross asymmetry between the left and right eyes among ALS patients. The findings suggest that retinal changes can be used as a marker for diagnosing and monitoring ALS patients.
INDIAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Yuyi You, Michael H. Barnett, Con Yiannikas, John D. E. Parratt, Jim G. Matthews, Stuart L. Graham, Alexander Klistorner
Summary: The study suggests that progressive loss of retinal ganglion cells in patients with MS is more pronounced in patients treated with interferon-beta compared to other disease-modifying therapies. This finding may have implications for decision-making regarding treatment selection for MS patients.
NEUROLOGY-NEUROIMMUNOLOGY & NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Sharon Jean Baetge, Michael Dietrich, Melanie Filser, Alina Renner, Nathalie Stute, Marcia Gasis, Margit Weise, Klaudia Lepka, Jonas Graf, Norbert Goebels, Hans-Peter Hartung, Orhan Aktas, Sven Meuth, Philipp Albrecht, Iris-Katharina Penner
Summary: Retinal layer thickness measured by optical coherence tomography is considered a potential marker of neurodegeneration in multiple sclerosis. In this study, associations between retinal layer thickness and cognitive performance were investigated in MS patients with cognitive impairment, showing a significant correlation between retinal nerve fiber layer thickness and cognitive flexibility.
NEUROLOGY-NEUROIMMUNOLOGY & NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Konstantin Senkevich, Sara Bandres-Ciga, Ziv Gan-Or, Lynne Krohn
Summary: This study aimed to examine the association of UQCRC1 with Parkinson's disease (PD) in European cohorts, but found no significant evidence to support a major role for UQCRC1 in PD in this population. Further studies in other populations are warranted to confirm these findings.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Johannes Levin, Nand Sing, Sue Melbourne, Amber Morgan, Carla Mariner, Maria Grazia Spillantini, Michal Wegrzynowicz, Jeffrey W. Dalley, Simon Langer, Sergey Ryazanov, Andrei Leonov, Christian Griesinger, Felix Schmidt, Daniel Weckbecker, Kai Prager, Torsten Matthias, Armin Giese
Summary: This study evaluated the safety and pharmacokinetics of an orally bioavailable compound anle138b in healthy subjects through a single ascending dose (SAD) and multiple ascending dose (MAD) study. The results showed that anle138b did not cause major adverse events at doses that achieved therapeutic exposure levels in a mouse Parkinson model. These findings suggest the need for further clinical trials of anle138b in patients with synucleinopathies.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Min Tu, Shuangfeng Yang, Lan Zeng, Yuling Tan, Xiaoming Wang
Summary: This study aimed to compare the superficial vascular density and RNFL thickness between PD patients and controls. The results showed that the PD group had lower RNFL thickness and retinal vessel length density than the control group. However, there was no correlation between RNFL thickness and vascular density, and no progressive thinning of the RNFL or decreased vascular density with disease progression.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GENERAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Zhuoting Zhu, Wenyi Hu, Huan Liao, Zachary Tan, Yifan Chen, Danli Shi, Xianwen Shang, Xueli Zhang, Yu Huang, Honghua Yu, Wei Wang, Mingguang He, Xiaohong Yang
Summary: The UK Biobank Study found that visual impairment is associated with an increased risk of incident Parkinson's disease, suggesting that visual impairment may be a modifiable risk factor for the prevention of future Parkinson's disease.
Review
Immunology
Zhao-Ji Chen, Cheng-Yu Liang, Li-Qing Yang, Si-Min Ren, Yan-Min Xia, Lei Cui, Xiao-Fang Li, Bu-Lang Gao
Summary: Parkinson's disease is the most common movement disorder globally, with main pathological changes in dopaminergic neurons and the intestine, closely related to changes in intestinal flora. Differences in intestinal flora in PD patients are associated with symptoms and drug efficacy. Further research is needed to elucidate the relationship between PD and microbes.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Ophthalmology
B. Cordon, E. Orduna, E. Vilades, E. Garcia-Martin, J. Garcia-Campayo, M. Puebla-Guedea, V Polo, J. M. Larrosa, L. E. Pablo, M. J. Vicente, M. Satue
Summary: FM patients show a reduction of inner retinal layers in the macular area, particularly in the GCL layer. Depressive FM phenotype has the most significant reduction in cell numbers in both RNFL and GCL layers. Correlation between certain GCL cells and EuroQol questionnaire results was observed.
CURRENT EYE RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Simon J. Hickman, Axel Petzold
Summary: Optic neuritis, previously thought to have a good visual prognosis when associated with multiple sclerosis, is now recognized for its significance in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody disease. The Optic Neuritis Treatment Trial has influenced global treatment approaches for the condition, and there remain ambiguities in management strategies in the era of antibody testing.
NEURO-OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Ophthalmology
Jenny Nij Bijvank, Lucas Maillette de Buy Wenniger, Pim de Graaf, Axel Petzold
Summary: This review discusses Dr. Gordon T. Plant's contributions to understanding optic nerve pathology, based on two observations made almost three decades apart. Through the combination of OCT and MRI technology, it is now possible to trace axonal degeneration throughout the visual system at a high resolution, providing new opportunities for distinguishing incidental findings from sinister pathology.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jenny Nij Bijvank, B. M. J. Uitdehaag, Axel Petzold
Summary: The study found that retinal asymmetry has diagnostic value in multiple sclerosis, especially in differentiating between bilateral and unilateral MS optic neuritis with high accuracy. However, the discriminatory ability of retinal atrophy rates in distinguishing MS from controls was low.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY NEUROSURGERY AND PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Almudena Lopez-Dorado, Miguel Ortiz, Maria Satue, Maria J. Rodrigo, Rafael Barea, Eva M. Sanchez-Morla, Carlo Cavaliere, Jose M. Rodriguez-Ascariz, Elvira Orduna-Hospital, Luciano Boquete, Elena Garcia-Martin
Summary: This paper aims to use a convolutional neural network to assist in the early diagnosis of multiple sclerosis by classifying images from swept-source optical coherence tomography. The study identifies the retinal structures with the highest discriminant capacity and achieves high sensitivity and specificity through thresholding these images and using them as inputs to the network.
Article
Ophthalmology
Maria Satue, Juan Luis Fuentes, Elisa Vilades, Elvira Orduna, Maria Jose Vicente, Beatriz Cordon, Javier Perez-Velilla, Javier Garcia-Campayo, Elena Garcia-Martin
Summary: This study aimed to quantify visual and retinal changes in patients with bipolar disorder (BD) over a 5-year period. The results showed that visual function parameters remained unchanged during the follow-up period, but there was a progressive decrease in retinal thickness. The progressive changes in BD were more significant compared to the healthy controls. Furthermore, a correlation was found between changes in ganglion cell layer (GCL) thickness and disease duration.
CURRENT EYE RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Ophthalmology
Maria Satue, Luisa Castro, Elisa Vilades, Beatriz Cordon, Jose M. Errea, Ana Pueyo, Eva Pilar Chueca, Elena Garcia-Martin
Summary: The ability of swept-source optical coherence tomography with angiography analysis (SS-OCTA) to detect neuro-retinal and vasculature changes in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and essential tremor (ET) was evaluated. The study showed that neuro-retinal thinning was present in both diseases, with greater thinning observed in PD. SS-OCTA may be useful in diagnosing PD, but not ET.
Article
Optics
Elena Garcia-Martin, Juan Luis Fuentes-Bernal, Sofia Otin, Alida Monreal, Beatriz Cordon, Elisa Vilades, Maria I. Fuertes-Lazaro
Summary: This cross-sectional study examined the visual function and neuroretinal structure of subjects with color blindness using optical coherence tomography (OCT). The results showed significant thinning of retinal layers and photoreceptor nuclei in the color blindness group. OCT evaluation based on retinal segmentation is a non-invasive technique that can serve as a biomarker for color blindness.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Maria Jesus Rodrigo, Irene Bravo-Osuna, Manuel Subias, Alberto Montolio, Jose Cegonino, Teresa Martinez-Rincon, Silvia Mendez-Martinez, Alba Aragon-Navas, David Garcia-Herranz, Luis Emilio Pablo, Rocio Herrero-Vanrell, Amaya Perez del Palomar, Elena Garcia-Martin
Summary: This study compares four different animal models of chronic glaucoma against normal aging and finds that each model causes different changes in intraocular pressure, specific retinal damage, and vitreous signals. These results support the multifactorial nature of glaucoma.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Ophthalmology
Alberto Montolio, Jose Cegonino, Elena Garcia-Martin, Amaya Perez del Palomar
Summary: The purpose of this study is to develop a computer-aided method for the diagnosis and prognosis of multiple sclerosis (MS) by measuring the thickness of the macular ganglion cell layer. By applying deep learning techniques, it is possible to accurately diagnose MS and predict the course of the disease.
ACTA OPHTHALMOLOGICA
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Miguel Ortiz, Victor Mallen, Luciano Boquete, Eva M. Sanchez-Morla, Beatriz Cordon, Elisa Vilades, Francisco J. Dongil-Moreno, Juan M. Miguel-Jimenez, Elena Garcia-Martin
Summary: This study aimed to identify new biomarkers for the early diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS) using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) and artificial intelligence. The analysis of retinal thickness and inter-eye difference revealed that the greatest alteration occurred in the ganglion cell, inner plexiform, and inner retinal layers. By using these parameters for automatic diagnosis, an accuracy of 87%, sensitivity of 82%, and specificity of 92% were achieved, suggesting that neuroretinal structure analysis could be incorporated into the diagnostic criteria for MS.
MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS AND RELATED DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Monica Hernandez, Ubaldo Ramon-Julvez, Elisa Vilades, Beatriz Cordon, Elvira Mayordomo, Elena Garcia-Martin
Summary: This study investigates the anterior visual pathway in Multiple Sclerosis (MS) patients, aiming to find the most discriminative features for the computer-aided diagnosis of MS using optical coherence tomography. The study compares two black-box methods (gradient boosting and random forests) with a glass-box method (explainable boosting machine), and finds that the glass-box method performs the best in terms of explainability and accuracy. The study provides important insights into developing a trustworthy computer-aided solution for the diagnosis of MS with OCT.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Elisa Vilades, Beatriz Cordon, Javier Perez-Velilla, Elvira Orduna, Maria Satue, Vicente Polo, Berta Sebastian, Jose Manuel Larrosa, Luis Pablo, Elena Garcia-Martin
Summary: This study aimed to assess the ability of a new posterior pole protocol to detect differences in retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and ganglion cell layer (GCL) thickness between patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and healthy controls, as well as the correlations between RNFL and GCL thickness, disease duration, and the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS). The results showed significant differences in RNFL and GCL thickness between the MS group and the control group, as well as between different subgroups based on clinical symptom onset and conversion to clinically definite MS. Moderate to strong correlations were found between RNFL and GCL thickness and clinical symptom onset, conversion to clinically definite MS, and EDSS.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sofia Otin, Francisco J. Avila, Victor Mallen, Elena Garcia-Martin
Summary: A custom algorithm based on superpixel segmentation was used to evaluate alterations of the choroid in patients with a neurodegenerative disease versus healthy controls. The algorithm detected differences in choroidal tissue boundary limits and optical density, potentially serving as a non-invasive biomarker for the early diagnosis of MS and PD.
Editorial Material
Ophthalmology
David Cui, Ian J. Saldanha, Gavin Li, Priya M. Mathews, Michael X. Lin, Esen K. Akpek
Summary: This article reports on the heterogeneity in methodology of clinical trials submitted to the US Food and Drug Administration for approval of topical dry eye treatments. Multiple outcome measures were used in these trials, highlighting the need for standardized assessment tools to optimize the evaluation and comparison of therapeutic benefits.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Ophthalmology
Adanna Udeh, Dana Huh, Terri Young, O'rese Knight, Fasika Woreta
Summary: This study examines the rates and trends of faculty promotions within the field of ophthalmology, with a focus on the rates of promotion among underrepresented in medicine (URiM) faculty. The results show that Black faculty had lower promotion rates and were more likely to leave academic medicine, highlighting the need for strategies and policies to address equity in promotion rates and retention of URiM faculty in academic ophthalmology.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Ophthalmology
Ursula Greferath, Erica Fletcher, Judy Savige, Heather G. Mack
Summary: Retinal drusen are uncommon in IgA nephropathy, but they resemble drusen found in age-related macular degeneration. The IgA-staining deposits in the drusen are likely related to systemic deposition of IgA. The nature of cystic spaces in the drusen is still unknown. Further research on the retinas of people with glomerulonephritis is recommended.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Ophthalmology
Andrew Mihalache, Ryan S. Huang, Nikhil S. Patil, Marko M. Popovic, Ashwin Mallipatna, Peter J. Kertes, Rajeev H. Muni, Radha P. Kohly
Summary: This study examines sociodemographic predictors of poor vision in children and adolescents in the US. The findings suggest that factors such as affordability of medical care, public health insurance, age, and parental education level are associated with vision difficulty. Addressing these disparities through public health policies is crucial for achieving equity in vision health.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Ophthalmology
Johannes Birtel, Richard Caswell, Samantha R. De Silva, Philipp Herrmann, Salwah Rehman, Andrew J. Lotery, Omar A. Mahroo, Michel Michaelides, Andrew R. Webster, Robert E. Maclaren, Peter Charbel Issa
Summary: The study investigated the phenotype, variability, and penetrance of IMPG2-related maculopathy. The results showed that mono-allelic IMPG2 variants could result in haploinsufficiency manifesting as a maculopathy with variable penetrance and expressivity. Family members of patients with IMPG2-related retinitis pigmentosa may also present with vitelliform lesions. The maculopathy is usually limited to the fovea and is associated with moderate visual impairment.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Ophthalmology
Colas Nils Authie, Mylene Poujade, Alireza Talebi, Alexis Defer, Ariel Zenouda, Cecilia Coen, Saddek Mohand-Said, Philippe Chaumet-Riffaud, Isabelle Audo, Jose-Alain Sahel
Summary: MOST has been validated as a reliable mobility test for measuring the movement ability of patients with vision impairments in both real and virtual environments.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Ophthalmology
Maria Krisch, Jordan Ueberroth, Neha Gupta, Stephen Merriam, Mark p. Breazzano
Summary: Orbeez-related ocular trauma can lead to severe visual morbidity and various intraocular sequelae. Adolescents may be at higher risk for posterior segment complications. Elevated IOP and hyphema at initial presentation may indicate a need for more aggressive interventions.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Ophthalmology
Jaron Pruett, Kelly Ruland, Sean Donahue
Summary: The study aimed to validate or refute the hypothesis that infants with birthweight over 750 g and gestational age over 27 weeks, who did not have retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) at 37 weeks, would not develop treatable ROP. The findings of the study supported the termination of examination at 37 weeks in infants meeting these criteria, as the value of continued screening was minimal.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Ophthalmology
Emily Sun, Jing Tian, Loaah Eltemsah, Divya Srikumaran, Grace Sun, Jessica Chow, Fasika Woreta
Summary: This study aims to evaluate the research productivity of ophthalmology residency applicants and identify differences in productivity based on gender and race. The findings reveal that women have similar or higher research outputs compared to men, while self-identified underrepresented in medicine (URiM) students have lower research outputs in ophthalmology. Therefore, greater mentorship and support for URiM students are needed to promote the recruitment of diverse trainees in ophthalmology programs.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Ophthalmology
Isaac A. Bernstein, Ann Caroline Fisher, Kuldev Singh, Sophia Y. Wang
Summary: This study aims to investigate the association between visual field loss and frailty in a nationally representative cohort of US adults.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2024)