Article
Neurosciences
Jianzhong He, Fan Zhang, Yiang Pan, Yuanjing Feng, Jarrett Rushmore, Erickson Torio, Yogesh Rathi, Nikos Makris, Ron Kikinis, Alexandra J. Golby, Lauren J. O'Donnell
Summary: This article compares the performance of six widely used tractography methods for reconstructing the corticospinal tract (CST) and its somatotopic organization. The study finds that while some methods have shown good results in terms of reconstruction rate and cortical coverage, the reconstruction of lateral and medial projections of the CST remains an important challenge.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Roger N. Lemon, Robert J. Morecraft
Summary: Lemon and Morecraft argue against somatotopy in the corticospinal tract based on neuroanatomical evidence, suggesting instead that the intermingling of fibers from different cortical regions reflects its multiple functions. Understanding the spatial organization of corticospinal outputs and its implications for incomplete spinal injury is crucial.
Article
Neurosciences
Tokiharu Sato, Yuka Nakamura, Akinori Takeda, Masaki Ueno
Summary: The study found that after stroke, remaining contralesional motor and sensory CST axons crossed the midline and sprouted into the denervated side of the cervical spinal cord in a large cortical area. However, in smaller strokes, contralesional CST fibers did not sprout, while ipsilesional axons from spared motor areas grew on the denervated side. The research also showed that motor and sensory CST axons did not innervate the projecting areas mutually when either one was injured.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Sung Ho Jang, Hye Rin Seo, Dong Hyun Byun
Summary: This study investigated the prognosis of ipsilesional corticospinal tracts in early-stage cerebral infarction using follow-up diffusion tensor tractography. The results demonstrated that approximately 20% of patients showed disruption of the ipsilesional CST at the chronic stage. However, the clinical outcomes in hand and gait functions were generally good. Careful interpretation considering the somatotopy of the ipsilesional CST is needed due to the high false-negative results on DTT at the chronic stage.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ken Muramatsu, Satoshi Shimo, Toru Tamaki, Masako Ikutomo, Masatoshi Niwa
Summary: The study reveals a decrease in conduction velocity of the corticospinal tract in the lumbar spinal cord of diabetic animals, along with atrophy of fibers and an increased g-ratio.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Jingchun Liu, Caihong Wang
Summary: Microstructure of the corticospinal tract (CST) and genetic polymorphisms in brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) are important factors in stroke recovery. Damage to CST fibers directly affects rehabilitation after subcortical stroke, while BDNF polymorphisms indirectly affect neuroplasticity and motor recovery. Further research is needed to understand the role of these factors in stroke rehabilitation.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Jungsoo Lee, Won Hyuk Chang, Yun-Hee Kim
Summary: Understanding the interaction between the corticospinal tract (CST) and corticocerebellar tract (CCT) can enhance the individualized rehabilitative strategies and predictive accuracy for stroke patients. The study found that the CCT was significantly associated with high CST FA, indicating a conditional role of CCT depending on CST status in upper extremity recovery after stroke.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Muyul Park, Yejin Cho, Dae Hyun Kim, Hyun Seok Choi, Dong-Hyun Kim, Deog Young Kim
Summary: MWI was used to monitor myelin content changes during rehabilitation in stroke patients, showing significant changes in MWF in the CST. Robot-assisted rehabilitation resulted in a significantly larger MWF change compared to conventional rehabilitation.
JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
W. R. Willoughby, Kristina Thoenes, Mark Bolding
Summary: The study used fMRI to observe neuronal activity in the brain of six participants undergoing tactile stimulation across the entire body, revealing differences in neural mapping compared to traditional somatotopic maps. By providing touch stimuli in various body areas, the study found that different parts of the body led to activity in different regions of the brain.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Andrey Zhylka, Nico Sollmann, Florian Kofler, Ahmed Radwan, Alberto De Luca, Jens Gempt, Benedikt Wiestler, Bjoern Menze, Sandro M. Krieg, Claus Zimmer, Jan S. Kirschke, Stefan Sunaert, Alexander Leemans, Josien P. W. Pluim
Summary: Utilizing MLFT technique can enhance CST bundle reconstruction with higher radial extent compared to other algorithms, providing a more complete picture of CST in motor-eloquent HGG patients based on routinely acquired diffusion MRI data.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zhenhao Ying, Junxuan Wu, Wenjun Jiang, Guoli Zhang, Weiming Zhu, Xin Li, Xueyun Pang, Wei Liu
Summary: Up-regulation of Slit1 and Slit2, as well as the downregulation of Robo1, may be associated with midline crossing of CST axons in the spinal cord of MCAO rats during the spontaneous recovery of impaired motor function. Studying the spontaneous recovery process of impaired motor function in MCAO rats contributes to a better understanding of the mechanism of CST remodeling.
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Nitish Kumar, Nupur Pruthi
Summary: This study aims to provide comprehensive detail about the horizontal fissure and its relationship with deeper structures such as the dentate nucleus and middle cerebellar peduncle, for the benefit of neurosurgeons. The length and depth of the horizontal fissure were studied, and it was found that the medial third of the fissure is the most suitable place for puncture or dissection. The relationship between the dentate nucleus and the horizontal fissure was also discussed.
WORLD NEUROSURGERY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Shuang Jin, Xiangfeng Chen, Hanyu Zheng, Wanxiong Cai, Xurong Lin, Xiangxing Kong, Yingchun Ni, Jingjia Ye, Xiaodan Li, Luoan Shen, Binjie Guo, Zeinab Abdelrahman, Songlin Zhou, Susu Mao, Yaxian Wang, Chun Yao, Xiaosong Gu, Bin Yu, Zhiping Wang, Xuhua Wang
Summary: The limited regrowth capacity of corticospinal axons after cortical stroke hinders functional recovery. In this study, we identified ubiquitination factor E4B (UBE4B) as a regulator of axonal regrowth in retinal ganglion cells and corticospinal neurons. UBE4B represses axonal regrowth through the cooperative activation of p53 and mTOR pathways. Overexpression of UbV.E4B, a competitive inhibitor of UBE4B, promotes corticospinal axon sprouting and facilitates recovery of corticospinal tract-dependent function in a cortical stroke model.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Sung Ho Jang, Kyu Hwan Choi
Summary: Atrial fibrillation has a negative effect on motor outcome and gait function recovery in patients with cerebral infarction.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Erin M. Edwards, Jeffrey A. Stanley, Ana M. Daugherty, Jonathan Lynn, Michael R. Borich, Nora E. Fritz
Summary: This study found that MWI measures in motor areas were associated with walking performance in individuals with multiple sclerosis, highlighting the significance of walking function in PwMS. Further MWI studies are needed to identify relationships between pathology and clinical function in PwMS to guide targeted rehabilitation therapies aimed at preventing falls.
JOURNAL OF NEUROIMAGING
(2023)