Review
Microbiology
Michael P. Ryan, Ludmila Sevjahova, Rachel Gorman, Sandra White
Summary: Comamonas spp. are non-fermenting Gram-negative bacilli that are commonly found in soil, water sources, and animal intestines. While they are primarily associated with environmental bioremediation, they can cause infections in humans. Treatment of infections associated with Comamonas species is generally not difficult, but antibiotic resistance is a concern. Therefore, it is important to include these pathogens in hospital screening programs.
Article
Immunology
Qiang Sun, Zixuan Li, Panpan Wang, Junfang Zhao, Shuai Chen, Minglei Sun
Summary: This study investigated the microbial characteristics of maxillofacial infections (MI) and descending necrotizing mediastinitis (DNM) using metagenomic next-generation sequencing. The results showed that DNM group had higher species richness and diversity, with differential species including Bacillus, Lactobacillus, Streptococcaceae, and Streptococcus. Correlation analysis revealed associations between clinical characteristics and relative abundance of specific pathogens.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Spenser R. Simpson, Alexandria E. Kesterson, Justin H. Wilde, Zoraiz Qureshi, Bijoy Kundu, Mark P. Simons, Kiel D. Neumann
Summary: Infectious diseases continue to be the main cause of illness and death globally. The increasing prevalence of multidrug-resistant bacteria is a growing concern, resulting from various selection pressures. Many of these bacterial infections are acquired in hospitals and have been classified as urgent threats by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Therefore, there is an urgent need to improve the clinical management of bacterial infections through new methods of bacterial identification and antibiotic efficacy monitoring in vivo.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Alyona Lavrinenko, Eugene Sheck, Svetlana Kolesnichenko, Ilya Azizov, Anar Turmukhambetova
Summary: The study aimed to determine the prevalence of A. baumannii antibiotic-resistant strains in Kazakhstan and identified high-risk clones associated with carbapenem resistance. The majority of resistant strains belonged to the CG208(92)(OXF)/CG2(PAS) clonal group, indicating a significant spread of carbapenem resistance in the region.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Karim Khader, Alun Thomas, Vanessa Stevens, Lindsay Visnovsky, McKenna Nevers, Damon Toth, Lindsay T. Keegan, Makoto Jones, Michael Rubin, Matthew H. Samore
Summary: By analyzing data from 108 VA acute care hospitals and applying mathematical models, it was found that contact precautions were associated with a stable reduction in MRSA transmission from 2008 to 2017, with estimated reductions ranging from 43% to 51%. Larger facilities and those with higher admission screening compliance observed additional reductions in transmission associated with contact precautions, while facilities in the southern US had a smaller transmission reduction attributable to contact precautions compared with other regions in the US.
Article
Surgery
Rewan Abdelwahab, Aisha Aden, Brenda Bearden, Alaa Sada, J. Michael Bostwick
Summary: This guide aims to provide basic surgical skills for diverse students and educators, focusing on the impact of certain religious and cultural practices on operating room procedures. It also seeks to promote the development of medical education practices in line with the increasing diversity in the medical profession.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF SURGEONS
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Wei-Chih Liao, Wei-Sheng Chung, Ying-Chieh Lo, Wen-Hsin Shih, Chia-Hui Chou, Chih-Yu Chen, Mao -Wang Ho
Summary: This study evaluated the trend of pathogens causing nosocomial bloodstream infection (BSI), and investigated the distribution of these pathogens to determine the risk factors for mortality. The findings revealed that gram-negative organisms were the main cause of BSI, and comorbidities such as low body weight, liver cirrhosis, and malignancy were significantly associated with mortality.
JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY IMMUNOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Nityanand Jain, Inese Jansone, Tatjana Obidenova, Raimonds Simanis, Janis Meisters, Dagnija Straupmane, Aigars Reinis
Summary: This study conducted a retrospective analysis of microbiological data from a large public hospital in Latvia from 2017 to 2020, investigating antimicrobial resistance trends for 19 gram-negative bacterial genera. It found that carbapenems were most effective against GNBs while some bacteria showed significant increases in resistance rates against certain antibiotics. Despite lower prescription levels of penicillin group antimicrobials compared to the European average, GNBs exhibited high average resistant rates, indicating the role of ESBL+ isolates in resistance rates. Constant vigilance and proper infection control measures are necessary to track emerging trends in AMR in GNBs.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Abdelfattah El Moussaoui, Mohammed Bourhia, Fatima Zahra Jawhari, Ahmad Mohammad Salamatullah, Riaz Ullah, Ahmed Bari, Hafiz Majid Mahmood, Muhammad Sohaib, Bohza Serhii, Alexander Rozhenko, Mourad A. M. Aboul-Soud, Essam Ezzeldin, Gamal A. E. Mostafa, Dalila Bousta, Amina Bari
Summary: The study found that the essential oil of Withania frutescens has good antioxidant, antibacterial, and antifungal activities, effective in fighting against free radical damage and nosocomial antibiotic-resistant microbes. The main components of the essential oil are camphor, alpha-thujone, carvacrol, and thymol.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
William W. Turechek, Christopher Winterbottom, Melody Meyer-Jertberg, Hehe Wang
Summary: The study found that Xanthomonas fragariae can survive on various materials, with different survival rates depending on the material and temperature. All materials can harbor viable bacteria up to 7 days when stored under cold temperatures. The results also suggest that this information can be used to enhance sanitation practices for ALS management in strawberry nurseries.
Review
Microbiology
Jerusha Stephen, Manjusha Lekshmi, Parvathi Ammini, Sanath H. Kumar, Manuel F. Varela
Summary: Infectious diseases caused by bacteria of the Vibrio genus have significant impacts on human health. The mechanisms of antimicrobial resistance in Vibrio spp. include biofilm formation and active antimicrobial efflux. Understanding these antimicrobial transport systems is important for studying Vibrio spp. pathogenesis and virulence.
Article
Microbiology
Manuel Madrazo, Ian Lopez-Cruz, Laura Piles, Sofia Vinola, Juan Alberola, Jose Maria Eiros, Arturo Artero
Summary: This study analyzed the risk factors for multidrug-resistant bacteria (MDRB) in community-acquired urinary sepsis (US) and their influence on outcomes. The results showed that healthcare-associated US was an independent risk factor for MDR bacteria. Although the impact of MDR bacteria on the outcomes of community-acquired US was mild, this study still has important implications for understanding the risk factors and outcomes of MDR bacteria.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Weiqi Liu, Qiaoling Liu, Weiling Liu, Guiying Zhuang, Cuiqing Qiu
Summary: This study aimed to explore the association between outdoor PM2.5 concentration and nosocomial bacterial infection in neonates. The results showed a positive association between outdoor PM2.5 concentration and nosocomial bacterial infection in neonates.
AIR QUALITY ATMOSPHERE AND HEALTH
(2022)
Review
Infectious Diseases
Annika Belzer, Emma Weiss, Farshid Etaee, Christopher G. Bunick, William Damsky, Caroline A. Nelson
Summary: Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is a Gram-negative bacillus that can cause skin and soft tissue infections, as well as severe bacteremia, pneumonia, and urinary tract infections. While historically prevalent in immunocompromised individuals, the incidence of S. maltophilia infections is on the rise in both immunocompromised and immunocompetent populations. It is crucial for dermatologists to be aware of this organism due to limited treatment options.
Article
Pediatrics
Viktorija Aleksejeva, Anastasija Dovbenko, Juta Kroica, Ingus Skadins
Summary: The study investigated toys as potential vectors for nosocomial infections in children's hospitals, finding that 84% of samples were contaminated with different microbes, emphasizing the need for strict disinfection techniques for hospital toys.