Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Takao Miwa, Tatsunori Hanai, Maeda Toshihide, Yui Ogiso, Kenji Imai, Atsushi Suetsugu, Koji Takai, Makoto Shiraki, Naoki Katsumura, Masahito Shimizu
Summary: Zinc deficiency may predict the development of OHE and mortality in LC patients with MHE.
HEPATOLOGY RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Igor G. Bakulin, Kristina N. Ivanova, Elena Y. Eremina, Natalya V. Marchenko, NORMIND Study Team
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of different rifaximin-alpha regimens on patients with liver cirrhosis and minimal hepatic encephalopathy. The results showed that continuous rifaximin-alpha therapy had a more pronounced effect on improving patients' quality of life and symptoms compared to cyclic use.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Simon Johannes Gairing, Chiara Mangini, Lisa Zarantonello, Stefania Gioia, Elise Jonasson Nielsen, Sven Danneberg, Anna S. Lok, Philippe Sultanik, Peter Robert Galle, Joachim Labenz, Dominique Thabut, Jens Uwe Marquardt, Patricia P. Bloom, Mette Munk Lauridsen, Sara Montagnese, Silvia Nardelli, Christian Labenz
Summary: This large multicenter study demonstrates that screening for minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE) is a useful tool for predicting the development of overt hepatic encephalopathy (OHE) and poorer survival.
JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Kessarin Thanapirom, Monton Wongwandee, Sirinporn Suksawatamnuay, Panarat Thaimai, Napaporn Siripon, Wanwisar Makhasen, Sombat Treeprasertsuk, Piyawat Komolmit
Summary: The study aimed to establish the normative data of PHES in healthy Thai individuals, assess the prevalence of MHE, and validate the use of S-ANT1 in detecting MHE in cirrhotic patients. The results showed that MHE was present in 26.6% of cirrhotic patients. S-ANT1 had a moderate positive correlation with PHES.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Maxime Mallet, Victor Desplats, Charlotte Bouzbib, Philippe Sultanik, Imen Alioua, Marika Rudler, Nicolas Weiss, Dominique Thabut
Summary: Ammonemia plays a significant role in the development of hepatic encephalopathy in patients with chronic liver diseases. It can not only be used for differential diagnosis but also serve as a prognostic marker, indicating a potential toxic effect of ammonia even in patients without neurological symptoms.
ANALYTICAL BIOCHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Mo-Jong Kim, Jung-Hee Kim, Jang-Han Jung, Sung-Eun Kim, Hyoung-Su Kim, Myoung-Kuk Jang, Sang-Hoon Park, Myung-Seok Lee, Ki Tae Suk, Dong Joon Kim, Eun-Kyoung Choi, Ji-Won Park
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the diagnostic ability of serum S100B in discriminating the grade of hepatic encephalopathy (HE) and its correlation with other parameters. The results showed that serum S100B level was not useful for differentiating the severity of HE, but it could be affected by age, serum bilirubin, and creatinine levels and was associated with MELD scores. Additionally, serum S100B levels showed the possibility of predicting 1-year mortality in cirrhotic patients.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Simona Parisse, Quirino Lai, Francesca Martini, Alice Martini, Flaminia Ferri, Monica Mischitelli, Fabio Melandro, Gianluca Mennini, Massimo Rossi, Domenico Alvaro, Stefano Ginanni Corradini
Summary: In cirrhotic patients with a history of hepatic encephalopathy, rifaximin treatment reduces hospitalizations and lowers the risk of all-cause hospitalization and hepatic encephalopathy-related hospitalization in patients on the liver transplantation waiting list.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Razvan Igna, Irina Girleanu, Camelia Cojocariu, Cristina Muzica, Laura Huiban, Catalin Sfarti, Tudor Cuciureanu, Stefan Chiriac, Ana-Maria Singeap, Oana Cristina Petrea, Remus Stafie, Sebastian Zenovia, Robert Nastasa, Ermina Stratina, Adrian Rotaru, Carol Stanciu, Anca Trifan, Mihaela Blaj
Summary: This study evaluated the role of presepsin in the early diagnosis of infections in patients with liver cirrhosis (LC) and hepatic encephalopathy (HE). The results showed that presepsin levels >980 pg/mL could enhance the suspicion of bacterial infections, and it may be an adequate non-invasive tool for the early diagnosis of infections in these patients.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Victoria Tatiana Kronsten, Debbie Lindsay Shawcross
Summary: Hepatic encephalopathy and depression share several clinical features and potential pathophysiological mechanisms, such as systemic inflammation and alterations in gut microbiota. The interaction between these conditions may have implications for treatment strategies and outcomes in patients with chronic liver disease.
ANALYTICAL BIOCHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Marlone Cunha-Silva, Fernando L. Ponte Neto, Priscila S. de Araujo, Lucas Pazinato, Raquel D. Greca, Tirzah M. L. Secundo, Marcello R. Imbrizi, Leonardo T. Monici, Tiago Seva-Pereira, Daniel F. Mazo
Summary: The study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the EncephalApp Stroop Test in screening MHE in Brazil and identified a cut-off value of >269.8 seconds with 87% sensitivity and 77% specificity for detecting MHE. The results suggest that the tool is valid and important for screening MHE in the local context.
ANNALS OF HEPATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Burak Ozbas, Onur Keskin, Hartmut Hecker, Irfan Karahan, Cansu Ozbas, Cagdas Kalkan, Aysun Kartal, Fatih Oguz Onder, Burcu Kahveci Oncu, Genco Gencdal, Murat Akyildiz, Fulya Gunsar, Ramazan Idilman, Karin Weissenborn, Omer Ozutemiz, Cihan Yurdaydin
Summary: PHES score was standardized for Turkish patients and compared with German norms; the prevalence of mHE in compensated cirrhotics was 29.8% with PHES and 27.4% with CFF tests, Turks performed worse in the digit symbol and serial dotting subtests but better in other subtests; combining digit symbol and serial dotting subtests may be suitable for screening mHE.
HEPATOLOGY INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Ming Luo, Fang-Rui Hu, Rui-Juan Xin, Li Yao, Sheng-Juan Hu, Fei-Hu Bai
Summary: This study found an association between sleep disturbances and altered gut microbiota in patients with MHE caused by hepatitis B-related liver cirrhosis. The relative abundances of Streptococcus salivarius and Veillonella were independent predictors of sleep disturbances in MHE patients.
EXPERT REVIEW OF GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Jakub Gazda, Peter Drotar, Sylvia Drazilova, Juraj Gazda, Matej Gazda, Martin Janicko, Peter Jarcuska
Summary: Hepatic encephalopathy is a brain dysfunction caused by liver insufficiency and/or portosystemic shunting, with a spectrum of manifestations including overt HE, covert HE, and minimal HE. Despite the lack of universally accepted gold standard for diagnosing MHE, significant progress has been made in the application of artificial intelligence in medicine.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Yundong Qu, Tao Li, Chunlei Lin, Feng Liu, Shuo Wu, Lei Wang, Qian Ye
Summary: S-ANT1 is an important screening tool for MHE in cirrhotic patients. A three-step screening strategy based on S-ANT1 and PHES is conducive to the identification of MHE in clinical practice, providing sensitivity and specificity thresholds at 90%, and cut-off values to rule out or rule in patients for further evaluation.
CLINICS AND RESEARCH IN HEPATOLOGY AND GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Piero Amodio, Sara Montagnese
Summary: Hepatic encephalopathy is a form of brain dysfunction caused by liver insufficiency and/or portal-systemic shunting, with inconsistencies in its detection and management. Diagnosis of HE involves consideration of its phenotypes, risk factors, and differential diagnosis from other similar conditions.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Paula Izquierdo-Altarejos, Andrea Cabrera-Pastor, Mar Martinez-Garcia, Carlos Sanchez-Huertas, Alberto Hernandez, Victoria Moreno-Manzano, Vicente Felipo
Summary: Chronic hyperammonemia leads to neuroinflammation, causing cognitive impairment. Extracellular vesicles from mesenchymal stem cells can reduce neuroinflammation. In this study, it was found that treatment with these vesicles restores cognitive function in hyperammonemic rats and the underlying mechanism involves TGF beta signaling.
JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2023)
Article
Nursing
Vanessa Ibanez-del Valle, Maria Luisa Ballestar-Tarin, Mayra Alejandra Mafla-Espana, Omar Cauli, Rut Navarro-Martinez
Summary: This study evaluated the relationship between insomnia and salivary IL-1 beta concentration in older individuals. It found a significant inverse correlation between IL-1 beta levels and insomnia symptoms. Factors such as depression, use of hypnotics, intake of caffeinated beverages, smoking, and alcohol use were also associated with insomnia in this population.
BIOLOGICAL RESEARCH FOR NURSING
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Paula Izquierdo-Altarejos, Mar Martinez-Garcia, Vicente Felipo
Summary: Patients with liver cirrhosis may experience cognitive impairment due to hyperammonemia and peripheral inflammation, which can also be replicated in rats with chronic hyperammonemia. Neuroinflammation in the hippocampus, caused by peripheral inflammation, alters neurotransmission and leads to cognitive impairment. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) from peripheral blood are believed to play a role in transmitting these peripheral alterations to the brain.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Paola Leone, Yaiza M. Arenas, Tiziano Balzano, Gergana Mincheva, Mar Martinez-Garcia, Carmina Montoliu, Marta Llansola, Vicente Felipo
Summary: This study investigated the presence of neuroinflammation, apoptosis, and neuronal loss in the hippocampus of patients with liver cirrhosis and steatohepatitis. The results showed that patients with steatohepatitis exhibited glial activation, immune cell infiltration, apoptosis, and neuronal loss, while cirrhotic patients only showed glial activation and neuronal loss. These findings may explain the irreversible cognitive impairments observed in hepatic encephalopathy.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alessandra Fiorillo, Juan-Jose Gallego, Franc Casanova-Ferrer, Carla Gimenez-Garzo, Amparo Urios, Maria-Pilar Ballester, Lucia Durban, Maria-Pilar Rios, Javier Megias, Teresa San Miguel, Elena Kosenko, Desamparados Escudero-Garcia, Salvador Benlloch, Vicente Felipo, Carmina Montoliu
Summary: Patients with NAFLD may experience mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and this study identified specific alterations in the immune system that are associated with neurological changes in MCI patients with NAFLD, which may help improve and restore cognitive functions and quality of life in these patients.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Yaiza M. Arenas, Vicente Felipo
Summary: Chronic hyperammonemia is a major cause of cognitive and motor impairment in hepatic encephalopathy patients. This study aimed to investigate the mechanism involving BDNF, TrkB, NF-kappa B, and various proteins in hyperammonemic rats. The results showed that increased BDNF levels enhanced TrkB activation, leading to PI3K-AKT-NF-kappa B pathway activation and increased content of glutaminase I, HMGB1, and TNF alpha. Blocking TrkB, PI3K, or components of the TNFR1-S1PR2-CCR2-BDNF-TrkB pathway reversed these changes. This TrkB-PI3K-AKT-NF-kappa B pathway activation may contribute to Purkinje neuron dysfunction and motor impairment in hyperammonemic rats and cirrhotic patients with hepatic encephalopathy.
MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Dermatology
Mar Sempere-Bigorra, Lorenzo Brognara, Ivan Julian-Rochina, Antonio Mazzotti, Omar Cauli
Summary: This study explores the potential usefulness of gait analysis parameters using a single sensor unit to detect peripheral neuropathy in diabetic patients with diabetic foot. The study finds significant correlations between impaired deep sensory pathways and gait impairments in diabetic patients, as well as significant correlations between all gait parameters and the superficial sensory pathway. The findings suggest that inertial sensors could be a useful tool for diagnosing gait alterations and evaluating treatment effects in diabetic patients to improve gait and reduce the risk of falls.
INTERNATIONAL WOUND JOURNAL
(2023)
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Mayra Alejandra Mafla-Espana, Maria Dolores Torregrosa, Omar Cauli
Summary: Most elderly patients with metastatic prostate cancer should undergo a comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) to identify frailty syndrome, which is crucial for clinical decisions. Frailty is associated with lower quality of life and can affect the feasibility and side effects of treatments. Evaluation of frailty syndrome should be considered in clinical decision-making and when selecting the most appropriate active treatment for increased survival.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Mayra Alejandra Mafla-Espana, Maria Dolores Torregrosa, Manel Beamud-Cortes, Lorena Bermell-Marco, Jose Rubio-Briones, Omar Cauli
Summary: Prostate cancer is highly prevalent in males and is associated with frailty symptoms, including decreased gait speed and muscle strength, and increased insomnia symptoms, in patients undergoing androgen-deprivation therapy. Interventions should be implemented to address these issues and improve patient outcomes and quality of life.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Cristina Buigues, Olga Theou, Rosa Fonfria-Vivas, Francisco M. Martinez-Arnau, Kenneth Rockwood, Omar Cauli
Summary: Sarcopenia and frailty are common age-related conditions. This study investigated whether supplementation of leucine, an essential amino acid, could reduce frailty in older institutionalized individuals. The results showed that leucine did not significantly modify the frailty index in this population.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Vanessa Ibanez-del Valle, Rut Navarro-Martinez, Omar Cauli
Summary: With university admission, there are major changes in students' daily habits that can lead to mental health problems. Adherence to a healthy diet, such as the Mediterranean diet, can be very beneficial for mental health. This study found that poor adherence to the Mediterranean diet was significantly associated with depressive symptoms among Spanish nursing students, highlighting the importance of prevention programs focused on health and mental health issues in universities.
Article
Biology
Mar Sempere-Bigorra, Ivan Julian-Rochina, Pilar Perez-Ros, Emmanuel Navarro-Flores, Francisco Miguel Martinez-Arnau, Omar Cauli
Summary: Aging and diabetes both contribute to neurological damage, and this study explores the relationships between peripheral sensory system decline and cognitive functions, symptoms of depression, and quality of life in older adults. The findings suggest that superficial sensitivity damage is related to cognitive impairment, while deep sensation alterations are related to depression and poor quality of life, with diabetes further strengthening these relationships.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mayra Alejandra Mafla-Espana, Maria Dolores Torregrosa, Manel Beamud-Cortes, Lorena Bermell-Marco, Jose Rubio-Briones, Omar Cauli
Summary: This study investigated the association between blood androgen concentrations and functional status and psychological alterations in prostate cancer patients receiving androgen deprivation therapy. The results showed a significant correlation between high concentrations of androstenedione and frailty syndrome, as well as a relationship between androstenedione levels and decreased gait speed.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Yaiza M. Arenas, Paula Izquierdo-Altarejos, Mar Martinez-Garcia, Carla Gimenez-Garzo, Gergana Mincheva, Magnus Doverskog, David E. J. Jones, Tiziano Balzano, Marta Llansola, Vicente Felipo
Summary: Golexanolone treatment may have beneficial effects in improving fatigue, motor, and cognitive impairment in patients with the chronic cholestatic liver disease PBC.
LIVER INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Vanessa Ibanez-del Valle, Mayra Alejandra Mafla-Espana, Josep Silva, Omar Cauli, Alessandra Stacchiotti
Summary: Sleep disorders are common in older individuals, especially in those who are institutionalized. They are often comorbid with medical and neuro-psychiatric illnesses and associated with polypharmacy. This study found a significant correlation between salivary IL-6 and sleep parameters, with lower salivary IL-6 levels associated with worse sleep efficiency and more night awakenings. Actigraphy also detected alterations in sleep patterns in individuals with dementia. These results are important for future research and interventions aimed at improving sleep quality in institutionalized individuals.