Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Francesco Maione, Alessia Chini, Rosa Maione, Michele Manigrasso, Alessandra Marello, Gianluca Cassese, Nicola Gennarelli, Marco Milone, Giovanni Domenico De Palma
Summary: Barrett's Esophagus is a common condition associated with chronic gastroesophageal reflux disease and has a higher risk of developing esophageal adenocarcinoma. Low and high-grade dysplasia precede neoplastic transformation in this condition. The evaluation of low-grade dysplastic esophageal mucosa is still controversial, but endoscopic surveillance and minimally invasive endoscopic treatments such as endoscopic mucosal resection and radiofrequency ablation are available options. Cryotherapy ablation and argon plasma coagulation are novel endoscopic treatments with high eradication rates and fewer complications and post-procedural pain.
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Muhannad Sarem, Francisco J. Martinez Cerezo, Maria Lujan Salvia Favieres, Rodolfo Corti
Summary: The diagnosis of low-grade dysplasia (LGD) in Barrett's esophagus (BE) poses challenges and can lead to unnecessary follow-up or high-risk disease progression. This article focuses on the re-confirmation of LGD diagnosis, interobserver agreement, persistent confirmed LGD, and the risk of progression to high-grade dysplasia and esophageal adenocarcinoma.
GASTROENTEROLOGIA Y HEPATOLOGIA
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Yizi Wang, Bin Ma, Shize Yang, Wenya Li, Peiwen Li
Summary: Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) reduces the risk of progression from low-grade dysplasia (BE-LGD) to high-grade dysplasia (BE-HGD). RFA treatment is associated with a higher rate of complete eradication of dysplasia and intestinal metaplasia, but also a slightly higher rate of adverse events.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Surgery
Jenifer Barrie, Fady Yanni, Mohamed Sherif, Asha K. Dube, Anand P. Tamhankar
Summary: The study found that nearly 20% of dysplasia in BE occurs in BE < 1 cm, and over 40% occurs in BE < 3 cm. Similarly, approximately 20% of EAC occurs within 1 cm of GEJ and 40% within 3 cm. The majority of dysplasia diagnosed within 3 cm of the GEJ is found on index endoscopy.
SURGICAL ENDOSCOPY AND OTHER INTERVENTIONAL TECHNIQUES
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Peter M. M. Stawinski, Karolina N. N. Dziadkowiec, Lily A. A. Kuo, Juan Echavarria, Shreyas Saligram
Summary: Barrett's esophagus (BE) is a premalignant mucosal transformation characterized by the replacement of esophageal squamous epithelium with metaplastic columnar epithelium. It is associated with an increased risk of esophageal adenocarcinoma and is often caused by gastroesophageal reflux disease. Screening for BE is selective based on risk factors and is not recommended for the general population. Diagnosis involves endoscopic recognition, targeted biopsies, and histologic confirmation of columnar metaplasia. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the epidemiology, pathogenesis, screening, and advanced techniques for detecting and eradicating Barrett's esophagus.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Edward H. Tsoi, Puneet Mahindra, Georgina Cameron, Richard Williams, Richard Norris, Paul Desmond, Spiro Raftopoulos, Darren Pavey, Arti Rattan, Luke F. Hourigan, Richard Lee, Michael J. Bourke, Naaz Sidhu, Rajvinder Singh, Andrew Chan, Sudarshan Krishnamurthi, Andrew C. F. Taylor
Summary: This study aimed to determine the proportion of prevalent HGD or EAC detected in Barrett's esophagus (BE) patients referred from the community with a recent diagnosis of low-grade dysplasia (LGD). The results showed that BERU assessment endoscopy identified more visible lesions than community referral endoscopy and identified HGD or EAC in 27% of patients referred from the community with a recent diagnosis of LGD. Reported progression rates from LGD to HGD or EAC may be overestimated.
GASTROINTESTINAL ENDOSCOPY
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Rajesh Krishnamoorthi, Ian Hargraves, Naveen Gopalakrishnan, Christopher H. Blevins, Harshith Priyan, Michele L. Johnson, Kristyn A. Maixner, Kenneth K. Wang, David A. Katzka, Jayant A. Talwalkar, Annie LeBlanc, Prasad G. Iyer
Summary: The study aimed to develop an encounter decision aid for managing BE-LGD and evaluate its impact on patient-important outcomes. Divided into two phases, the research showed that BE-Choice significantly improved patient knowledge, decisional comfort, and patient involvement compared to usual care. Further multicenter trials are needed to confirm and promote the widespread use of BE-Choice.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Theresa H. Nguyen, Aaron P. Thrift, Rollin George, Daniel G. Rosen, Hashem B. El-Serag, Gyanprakash A. Ketwaroo
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the proportion of missed dysplasia within 18 months of the initial diagnosis of Barrett's esophagus (BE). The results showed a decrease in the occurrence of missed dysplasia over time. Patients with long segment BE were more likely to have missed dysplasia and could benefit from dysplasia surveillance within 18 months of diagnosis.
CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ksenia Maslenkina, Liudmila Mikhaleva, Maxim Naumenko, Rositsa Vandysheva, Michail Gushchin, Dmitri Atiakshin, Igor Buchwalow, Markus Tiemann
Summary: Barrett's esophagus (BE) is a premalignant lesion that can develop into esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). The development of BE is caused by biliary reflux and involves various stem cell origins. The concept of healing has been replaced by the cytokine storm and inflammatory microenvironment, leading to intestinal metaplasia. This review discusses the roles of molecular pathways in the pathogenesis of BE and EAC, including NOTCH, hedgehog, NF-?B, and IL6/STAT3.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Yue Chen, Chenyu Sun, Yile Wu, Xin Chen, Sujatha Kailas, Zeid Karadsheh, Guangyuan Li, Zhichun Guo, Hongru Yang, Lei Hu, Qin Zhou
Summary: The use of PPI is negatively associated with the risk of progression to HGD/EAC in BE patients, and the risk of HGD/EAC can be reduced with the prolonged use of PPI. Sensitivity analysis showed the stable results of this meta-analysis, and no publication bias was detected.
JOURNAL OF CANCER RESEARCH AND CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Dale J. Waterhouse, Wladyslaw Januszewicz, Sharib Ali, Rebecca C. Fitzgerald, Massimiliano di Pietro, Sarah E. Bohndiek
Summary: The study demonstrates the potential of spectral endoscopy technology to improve detection efficiency of Barrett's esophagus, and the ability to accurately classify disease stages using deep learning, enhancing the contrast of endoscopic examination.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Sanne N. van Munster, Charlotte N. Frederiks, Esther A. Nieuwenhuis, Lorenza Alvarez Herrero, Auke Bogte, Alaa Alkhalaf, Boudewijn E. Schenk, Erik J. Schoon, Wouter L. Curvers, Arjun D. Koch, Steffi E. M. van de Ven, Pieter J. F. de Jonge, Thjon J. Tang, Wouter B. Nagengast, Frans T. M. Peters, Jessie Westerhof, Martin H. M. G. Houben, Jacques J. G. H. M. Bergman, Roos E. Pouw, Bas L. A. M. Weusten
Summary: In patients with Barrett's esophagus undergoing radiofrequency ablation therapy, poor healing and poor squamous regeneration were associated with higher risk of treatment failure and progression to advanced disease. However, additional time and acid suppression can lead to normal squamous regeneration and excellent treatment outcomes in patients with poor healing.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Shahriar Faghani, D. Chamil Codipilly, David Vogelsang, Mana Moassefi, Pouria Rouzrokh, Bardia Khosravi, Siddharth Agarwal, Lovekirat Dhaliwal, David A. Katzka, Catherine Hagen, Jason Lewis, Cadman L. Leggett, Bradley J. Erickson, Prasad G. Iyer
Summary: A deep learning model was developed to accurately predict the dysplasia grade of Barrett's esophagus (BE) on whole-slide images. The model, using an ensemble approach, demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity for low-grade dysplasia (LGD), non-dysplastic BE (NDBE), and high-grade dysplasia (HGD) diagnoses. The findings of this study are important for improving the histologic diagnosis of BE dysplasia and the appropriate use of endoscopic therapy.
GASTROINTESTINAL ENDOSCOPY
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Mathew Vithayathil, Ines Modolell, Jacobo Ortiz-Fernandez-Sordo, Dahmane Oukrif, Apostolos Pappas, Wladyslaw Januszewicz, Maria O'Donovan, Andreas Hadjinicolaou, Michele Bianchi, Adrienn Blasko, Jonathan White, Philip Kaye, Marco Novelli, Lorenz Wernisch, Krish Ragunath, Massimiliano di Pietro
Summary: The study compared the diagnostic accuracy of AFI-guided pCLE with molecular biomarkers and HRWLE with Seattle protocol biopsies for inconspicuous dysplasia in Barrett's esophagus. The results showed similar sensitivity between the two methods, but the addition of molecular biomarkers could improve the detection sensitivity for different grades of dysplasia.
CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Swathi Eluri, Anna Paterson, Brianna N. Lauren, Maria O'Donovan, Pradeep Bhandari, Massimiliano di Pietro, Minyi Lee, Rehan Haidry, Laurence Lovat, Krish Ragunath, Chin Hur, Rebecca C. Fitzgerald, Nicholas J. Shaheen
Summary: This study assessed the application value of Cytosponge in BE patients after RFA. The results showed that Cytosponge testing is a cost-effective surveillance method and is strongly associated with residual BE after ablation.
CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Arne G. C. Bleijenberg, Joep E. G. IJspeert, Jos B. G. Mulder, Paul Drillenburg, Herbert Stel, Elisabeth M. Lodder, Beatriz Carvalho, Jade Jansen, Gerrit Meijer, Susanne van Eeden, Evelien Dekker, Carel J. M. van Noesel
Summary: Around 15-30% of colorectal cancers (CRC) develop from sessile serrated lesions (SSLs). The molecular events and mutations differ between MLH1-proficient and MLH1-deficient lesions, with a higher tumor mutational burden observed in MLH1-deficient lesions. ACVR2A and RNF43/ZNRF3 hotspot mutations are common in the early progression of MLH1-deficient serrated pathway, while APC and TP53 mutations are early events in the MLH1-proficient pathway.
JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Samantha Brown, Jessica A. Lavery, Ronglai Shen, Axel S. Martin, Kenneth L. Kehl, Shawn M. Sweeney, Eva M. Lepisto, Hira Rizvi, Caroline G. McCarthy, Nikolaus Schultz, Jeremy L. Warner, Ben Ho Park, Philippe L. Bedard, Gregory J. Riely, Deborah Schrag, Katherine S. Panageas
Summary: Real-world data combining clinical and genomic information may face issues of left truncation, and ignoring this can lead to overestimation of survival rates. Appropriate statistical methods should be applied to ensure valid and meaningful research findings when analyzing clinicogenomic data.
Article
Oncology
Luuk J. Schipper, Kim Monkhorst, Kris G. Samsom, Linda J. W. Bosch, Petur Snaebjornsson, Hester van Boven, Paul Roepman, Lizet E. van der Kolk, Winan J. van Houdt, Winette T. A. van der Graaf, Gerrit A. Meijer, Emile E. Voest
Summary: Whole genome sequencing (WGS) can uncover potential diagnostic and actionable genomic characteristics in sarcoma patients that are often overlooked, providing valuable information for clinical decision making.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Emilie C. H. Breekveldt, Iris Lansdorp-Vogelaar, Esther Toes-Zoutendijk, Manon C. W. Spaander, Anneke J. van Vuuren, Folkert J. van Kemenade, Christian R. B. Ramakers, Evelien Dekker, Iris Nagtegaal, Myrtle F. Krul, Niels F. M. Kok, Koert F. D. Kuhlmann, Geraldine R. Vink, Monique E. van Leerdam, Marloes A. G. Elferink
Summary: This study evaluated the changes in colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence, mortality, and treatment before and after the introduction of a screening programme in the Netherlands. Results showed a decrease in overall and advanced-stage CRC incidence after the introduction of the screening programme, with more screening-detected tumors located in the left side of the colon and detected at an early stage.
LANCET GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Ino de Bruijn, Xiang Li, Selcuk Onur Sumer, Benjamin Gross, Robert Sheridan, Angelica Ochoa, Manda Wilson, Avery Wang, Hongxin Zhang, Aaron Lisman, Adam Abeshouse, Emily Zhang, Alice Thum, Ananthan Sadagopan, Zachary Heins, Cyriac Kandoth, Sander Rodenburg, Sander Tan, Pieter Lukasse, Sjoerd van Hagen, Remond J. A. Fijneman, Gerrit A. Meijer, Nikolaus Schultz, Jianjiong Gao
Summary: Genome Nexus is a user-friendly tool for variant annotation specifically designed for cancer research and clinical practice, addressing the issue of fragmented variant interpretation information across multiple databases, with high-performance annotation capabilities.
JCO CLINICAL CANCER INFORMATICS
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Sjoerd H. Uil, Veerle M. H. Coupe, Herman Bril, Gerrit A. Meijer, Remond J. A. Fijneman, Hein B. A. C. Stockmann
Summary: A prognostic classifier based on 28 protein biomarkers and clinicopathological parameters was developed for assessing disease-free survival in stage II and III colon cancer patients.
Article
Oncology
Berbel L. M. Ykema, Andrea Gini, Lisanne S. Rigter, Manon C. W. Spaander, Leon M. G. Moons, Tanya M. Bisseling, Jan Paul de Boer, Wieke H. M. Verbeek, Pieternella J. Lugtenburg, Cecile P. M. Janus, Eefke J. Petersen, Judith M. Roesink, Richard W. M. van der Maazen, Berthe M. P. Aleman, Gerrit A. Meijer, Flora E. van Leeuwen, Petur Snaebjornsson, Beatriz Carvalho, Monique E. van Leerdam, Iris Lansdorp-Vogelaar
Summary: Colorectal cancer surveillance is cost-effective for Hodgkin lymphoma survivors, and it should start earlier than population screening programs. FIT surveillance is the most cost-effective strategy for all subgroups.
CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY BIOMARKERS & PREVENTION
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Myrtle F. Krul, Marloes A. G. Elferink, Niels F. M. Kok, Evelien Dekker, Iris Lansdorp-Vogelaar, Gerrit A. Meijer, Iris D. Nagtegaal, Emilie C. H. Breekveldt, Theo J. M. Ruers, Monique E. van Leerdam, Koert F. D. Kuhlmann
Summary: The nationwide CRC screening program in the Netherlands, started in 2014, has shown a significant reduction in the incidence of stage II and IV CRC. Patients with screen-detected CRCs had improved survival and less extensive disease compared to clinically detected cases.
CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Sanne R. Martens-de Kemp, Malgorzata A. Komor, Rosa Hegi, Anne S. Bolijn, Marianne Tijssen, Florence L. M. de Groen, Annekatrien Depla, Monique van Leerdam, Gerrit A. Meijer, Remond J. A. Fijneman, Beatriz Carvalho
Summary: Gain of chromosome arm 13q and overexpression of miR-17-92 cluster are associated with colorectal adenoma-to-carcinoma progression. However, overexpression of miR-17-92 alone is insufficient to cause malignancy.
Article
Oncology
P. H. A. Wisse, W. de Klaver, F. van Wifferen, L. Meiqari, M. Bierkens, M. J. E. Greuter, B. Carvalho, M. E. van Leerdam, M. C. W. Spaander, E. Dekker, V. M. H. Coupe, M. de Wit, G. A. Meijer
Summary: This study aims to validate the relative sensitivity of mtFIT compared to FIT in colorectal cancer (CRC) screening, and predict the lifetime health effects and costs using the Adenoma and Serrated Pathway to Colorectal CAncer model. The results of this study will provide important clinical utility information for the Dutch national CRC screening program.
Article
Oncology
Iris van 't Erve, Jamie E. Medina, Alessandro Leal, Eniko Papp, Jillian Phallen, Vilmos Adleff, Elaine Jiayuee Chiao, Adith S. Arun, Karen Bolhuis, John K. Simmons, Aanavi Karandikar, Kenneth C. Valkenburg, Mark Sausen, Samuel Angiuoli, Robert B. Scharpf, Cornelis J. A. Punt, Gerrit A. Meijer, Victor E. Velculescu, Remond J. A. Fijneman
Summary: The study demonstrates that accurate monitoring of treatment response using ctDNA can be achieved in a tumor tissue-independent manner by combining cfDNA and patient-matched WBC genomic DNA analysis. This approach prevents false-positives caused by germline or hematopoietic variants and provides more predictive information on overall survival compared to standard radiological evaluation. Additionally, ctDNA analysis reveals potential therapy resistance mutations in a significant portion of patients.
CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Soufyan Lakbir, Sara Lahoz, Miriam Cuatrecasas, Jordi Camps, Roel A. Glas, Jaap Heringa, Gerrit A. Meijer, Sanne Abeln, Remond J. A. Fijneman
Summary: The study demonstrates that tumor breakload (TBL) is an important prognostic biomarker in colorectal cancer, impacting tumor biology and predicting disease recurrence.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2022)
Article
Pathology
Astrid Kramer, Ed Schuuring, Daan C. L. Vessies, Paul van der Leest, Maartje J. Geerlings, Pim Rozendal, Mirthe Lanfermeijer, Theodora C. Linders, Leon C. van Kempen, Remond J. A. Fijneman, Marjolijn J. L. Ligtenberg, Gerrit A. Meijer, Daan van den Broek, Valesca P. Retel, Veerle M. H. Coup
Summary: This study developed a micro-costing framework for consistent cost calculation of ctDNA testing. The framework takes into account the complete diagnostic workflow of ctDNA testing, including costs for personnel, materials, equipment, overhead, and failures. Evaluations and case studies were performed, showing a wide range of costs per sample and the sensitivity to platform, setting, and testing volume. An open access tool is provided for laboratory-specific calculations and exploring the total costs and impact of alternative prices or assumptions.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR DIAGNOSTICS
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Manon van der Vlugt, Beatriz Carvalho, Joelle Fliers, Nahid Montazeri, Christian Rausch, Esmee J. Grobbee, Manon van Engeland, Manon C. W. Spaander, Gerrit A. Meijer, Evelien Dekker
Summary: There are differences in the molecular makeup between FIT-interval CRCs and SD-CRCs. FIT-interval CRCs are more likely to have serrated pathway associated molecular features, while SD-CRCs are more likely to have classic adenoma carcinoma pathway associated molecular features.
WORLD JOURNAL OF GASTROINTESTINAL ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Robert S. Bresalier, Carlo Senore, Graeme P. Young, James Allison, Robert Benamouzig, Sally Benton, Patrick M. M. Bossuyt, Luis Caro, Beatriz Carvalho, Han-Mo Chiu, Veerle M. H. Coupe, Willemijn de Klaver, Clasine Maria de Klerk, Evelien Dekker, Sunil Dolwani, Callum G. Fraser, William Grady, Lydia Guittet, Samir Gupta, Stephen P. Halloran, Ulrike Haug, Geir Hoff, Steven Itzkowitz, Tim Kortlever, Anastasios Koulaouzidis, Uri Ladabaum, Beatrice Lauby-Secretan, Marcis Leja, Bernard Levin, Theodore Robert Levin, Finlay Macrae, Gerrit A. Meijer, Joshua Melson, Colm O'Morain, Susan Parry, Linda Rabeneck, David F. Ransohoff, Roque Saenz, Hiroshi Saito, Silvia Sanduleanu-Dascalescu, Robert E. Schoen, Kevin Selby, Harminder Singh, Robert J. C. Steele, Joseph J. Y. Sung, Erin Leigh Symonds, Sidney J. Winawer
Summary: New non-invasive tests for colorectal cancer (CRC) are emerging, making it challenging to conduct trials with mortality reduction as the main goal. A formal consensus approach involving experts resulted in the revision of previously established principles and the emergence of twelve new principles. The effectiveness of a new test can be evaluated by comparing it with an established non-invasive test, with the faecal immunochemical test considered as the appropriate comparator. Flexible adjustment of the new test's positivity threshold is desirable to meet different screening goals and requirements. A four-phased approach is proposed for the evaluation of new tests, including small studies, prospective estimation of accuracy, evaluation in screening populations, and monitoring for missed lesions.