Editorial Material
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Andreas Stang
Summary: The paper presents the historical roots of the well-known sufficient component cause model in epidemiology. It analyzes Max Verworn's writings and reveals that he introduced a precursor of this model as early as 1912. Verworn argued for abandoning the concept of a singular cause and emphasized the importance of multiple conditions. He preferred to speak of conditionalism rather than causalism.
ANNALS OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Maria Leticia Barbosa Raymundo, Elza Cristina Farias de Araujo, Rennis Oliveira da Silva, Bianca Marques Santiago, Thiago Isidro Vieira, Simone Alves Sousa, Edson Hilan Gomes de Lucena, Yuri Wanderley Cavalcanti
Summary: The objective of this study is to review the available evidence on the oral health surveys of Traditional Peoples and Communities (TPCs) in Brazil. The study will use observational research methods to collect data on oral health surveys within TPCs in Brazil. The findings will be presented in table and text format and published in a peer-reviewed journal.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Yingjuan Luo, Jieru Peng, Yang Liu, Wu Xia, Shan Chen, Yongcheng Sheng, Yonghong Lin
Summary: This study found that HIV infection is significantly associated with increased risks of preterm birth and low birth weight in Chinese pregnant women.
Editorial Material
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Betsy Foxman, Shruti Mehta
Summary: Technological developments in laboratory and epidemiologic methods, combined with increasing computing power, have greatly improved our understanding of infectious disease epidemiology. This study uses historical examples to demonstrate how these developments have facilitated the rapid detection and control of COVID-19, and emphasizes the importance of past discoveries in guiding future responses to new pathogens. The findings of this research highlight the significance of infectious disease epidemiology.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Verity Frances Todd, Melanie Moylan, Graham Howie, Andy Swain, Aroha Brett, Tony Smith, Bridget Dicker
Summary: This study evaluated the association between the New Zealand Early Warning Score (NZEWS) risk-assessment tool and adverse outcomes in low-acuity prehospital patients not transported by ambulance. The study found a significant association between higher early warning scores and 2-day mortality.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Annette Hogh, Jes Sanddal Lindholt, Rikke Sogaard, Jens Refsgaard, Dorte Svenstrup, Niels-Jorgen Moeslund, Mette Bredsgaard, Marie Dahl
Summary: The study aims to evaluate the health benefits, harms, and cost-effectiveness of a population-based screening program for cardiovascular diseases and explore the perspectives of the participants.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
David C. Mallinson, Felix Elwert
Summary: This article introduces a gain-score regression method for identifying exposure-to-outcome spillover effects in sibling pairs. By analyzing the exposure and outcome of siblings, the impact of one person's exposure on another person's outcome can be estimated. However, this method cannot handle outcome-to-exposure or outcome-to-outcome spillover effects.
ANNALS OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Caitlin McArthur, Niousha Alizadehsaravi, Adria Quigley, Rebecca Affoo, Marie Earl, Elaine Moody
Summary: This scoping review examined the engagement of long-term care residents with dementia in research and guideline development. The methods used for engagement included interviews, focus groups, and consultations. The study identified barriers to engagement, such as communication difficulties and the need for more time to support engagement. The findings suggest the need for further research exploring alternative methods and the effects of resident engagement. Rating: 7/10.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Maheen Farooqi, Alexandra Papaioannou, Shrikant Bangdiwala, Sumathy Rangarajan, Darryl Leong
Summary: This study analyzed the impact of global and regional thresholds on physical frailty and found that global thresholds lead to larger regional variations and stronger associations with mortality. However, the study also indicated that both global and regional adaptations have limited ability to accurately distinguish between individuals who will die during 9 years of follow-up and those who will not.
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Stijntje W. Dijk, Lisa M. Caulley, Myriam Hunink, Jeremy Labrecque
Summary: This paper proposes the use of Directed Acyclic Graphs (DAGs) in the design stage of systematic reviews and meta-analyses (SRMAs), hypothesizing that DAGs can offer a more effective and efficient approach to evidence synthesis. DAGs provide a visual representation of assumed relationships between variables, facilitating discussion among researchers, guiding data analysis, and potentially leading to more targeted inclusion criteria or data extraction items.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Lisa Puglisi, Alexandra A. Halberstam, Jenerius A. Aminawung, Colleen Gallagher, Lou Gonsalves, Dena Schulman-Green, Hsiu-Ju Lin, Rajni Metha, Sophia Mun, Oluwadamilola T. Oladeru, Cary P. Gross, Emily A. Wang
Summary: The study aims to investigate the impact of incarceration on cancer incidence, mortality, and treatment, as well as how it moderates the relationship between socioeconomic status, structural racism, and cancer disparities.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
David Fraile Navarro, Saskia Cheyne, Kelvin Hill, Emma McFarlane, Rebecca L. Morgan, M. Hassan Murad, Reem A. Mustafa, Shahnaz Sultan, David J. Tunnicliffe, Joshua P. Vogel, Heath White, Tari Turner
Summary: This article presents a framework for living guideline developers to choose the most suitable model for their living guideline topic, question, or context. It emphasizes the importance of making key decisions during the development and maintenance process.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
David E. Lilienfeld
Summary: In 1925, the American Public Health Association Committee on Control of Cancer presented the results of its evaluations on cancer surveillance at the association's annual meeting, showing a sophisticated understanding of cancer epidemiology that may have started as early as the 1920s. The Committee concluded that the cost of obtaining reliable cancer incidence data outweighed its potential benefits, indicating a forward-thinking approach to public health policy.
ANNALS OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biology
Yasser Iturria-Medina, Felix Carbonell, Atousa Assadi, Quadri Adewale, Ahmed F. Khan, Tobias R. Baumeister, Lazaro Sanchez-Rodriguez
Summary: NeuroPM-box is an open-access, multi-tool cross-platform software that can characterize multiscale and multifactorial neuropathological mechanisms. The tool potentially contributes to a better understanding of complex brain processes and could accelerate the implementation of Precision Medicine in Neurology.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Caitlin McArthur, Adria Quigley, Rebecca Affoo, Marie Earl, Elaine Moody
Summary: Patient engagement in research and guideline development is crucial for high-quality and patient-centred recommendations, but remains suboptimal for vulnerable populations, such as residents with dementia in long-term care facilities.