Journal
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
Volume 109, Issue 5, Pages 1319-1327Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqy265
Keywords
intrinsic labeling; rice; finger millet; mung bean; egg; dual stable isotope tracer method; Digestible Indispensable Amino Acid Score (DIAAS); animal source food (ASF)
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Funding
- Wellcome Trust/DBT India Alliance through the Margdarshi fellowship
- Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation [OPP1133329]
- Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation [OPP1133329] Funding Source: Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation
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Background: The types of food in complementary feeding of infants and young children are important for growth and development. Food protein quality, as measured by the Digestible Indispensable Amino Acid Score (DIAAS), requires the determination of true ileal digestibility of indispensable amino acids (IAAs) in children. Objectives: First, the aim of this study was to measure the true ileal IAA digestibility of 4 (rice, finger millet, mung bean, and hen egg) commonly consumed complementary foods in children aged< 2 y using the dual-isotope tracer method. Second, we calculated the DIAAS of complementary feeding diets and their relation to stunting in a representative Indian rural population. Design: Rice, finger millet, and mung bean were intrinsically labeled with deuterium oxide ((H2O)-H-2), whereas egg was labeled through oral dosing of hens with a uniformly H-2-labeled amino acid mixture. True ileal IAA digestibility was determined by the dual-isotope tracer technique. The DIAAS of complementary food protein was calculated in children aged 1-3 y from a nationally representative survey to evaluate its relation with stunting. Results: True ileal IAA digestibility was lowest in mung bean (65.2% +/- 7.1%), followed by finger millet (68.4 %+/- 5.3%) and rice (78.5%+/- 3.5%), andwas highest for egg (87.4%+/- 4.0%). Therewas a significant inverse correlation of complementary food DIAAS with stunting in survey data (r = -0.66, P = 0.044). The addition of egg or milk to nationally representative complementary diets theoretically improved the DIAAS from 80 to 100. Conclusions: The true ileal IAA digestibility of 4 foods commonly consumed in complementary diets showed that the DIAAS was associated with stunting and reinforces the importance of including animal source food (ASF) in diets to improve growth.
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