Journal
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE AND OTHER DEMENTIAS
Volume 29, Issue 4, Pages 293-302Publisher
SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
DOI: 10.1177/1533317513517040
Keywords
mild cognitive impairment; amnestic; nonamnestic; dysexecutive; functional imaging; neuropsychological testing
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Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a dynamic state between normal cognition and dementia, where interventions can be taken to stop or delay the progression to dementia. It is broadly of 2 types-amnestic, where memory loss is the chief concern and non-amnestic, where it is not. One variant of nonamnestic, dysexecutive, being more prevalent is sometimes known as a separate subtype by itself. Diagnosis of MCI is mostly clinical and is aided by various scales and neuropsychological testing. Functional imaging studies help in early detection and is superior to biomarkers or structural magnetic resonance imaging. Although there is no evidence supporting any pharmacological intervention, cognitive rehabilitation, memory training, and caregiver support play a strong role in limiting and sometimes reversing the ongoing cognitive decline. As the spectrum of MCI is heterogeneous, making the right diagnosis can be a challenging; hence, we need a systematic yet cost-effective algorithm for the timely management of MCI.
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