Article
Infectious Diseases
Boris Revollo, Laura Vinuela, Lorena de la Mora, Federico Garcia, Marc Noguera-Julian, Mariona Parera, Roger Paredes, Josep M. Llibre
Summary: This article reports a case of integrase resistance in a patient treated with co-formulated dolutegravir/lamivudine. It highlights the importance of carefully considering and monitoring drug-drug interactions, even when they are regarded as having a low potential.
JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Takao Hoshino, Kentaro Ishizuka, Sono Toi, Takafumi Mizuno, Ayako Nishimura, Shuntaro Takahashi, Sho Wako, Kazuo Kitagawa
Summary: This study found a close association between atherogenic dyslipidemia (AD) and residual vascular risk in stroke patients. Patients with AD were more likely to have intracranial artery stenosis and had a higher risk of major adverse cardiovascular events and ischemic stroke within 1 year. AD was predictive of major adverse cardiovascular events regardless of baseline low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Rachel D. Stelmach, Miriam Rabkin, Kouame Abo, Irma Ahoba, Mahena Gildas Anago, Rodrigo Boccanera, Hermann Brou, Rebecca Flueckiger, Kieran Hartsough, Martin Msukwa, Jennifer Zech, Felicity Young, Rachel Nugent
Summary: Despite the availability of free ART in Cote d'Ivoire, most participants still reported out-of-pocket spending on health care, with those with co-morbid NCDs experiencing higher costs.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mhairi Maskew, Kieran Sharpey-Schafer, Lucien De Voux, Thomas Crompton, Jacob Bor, Marcus Rennick, Admire Chirowodza, Jacqui Miot, Seithati Molefi, Chuka Onaga, Pappie Majuba, Ian Sanne, Pedro Pisa
Summary: This study applied predictive machine learning algorithms to HIV programmatic data from South Africa and developed models to predict patient attendance and viral load suppression. Important predictors included previous visit history, viral load testing frequency, visit time, age, and treatment duration. The results showed that machine learning can effectively identify HIV patients at risk of disengagement and unsuppressed viral load.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Emmanuel Sendaula, Michael Buwembo, Denis Opio
Summary: The holistic care model supports individuals living with HIV in various aspects of their lives, resulting in improved treatment outcomes. Age and adherence are significantly associated with viral load suppression in HIV-infected adults receiving a holistic approach of care.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Barbara Rossetti, Massimiliano Fabbiani, Domenico Di Carlo, Francesca Incardona, Ana Abecasis, Perpetua Gomes, Anna Maria Geretti, Carole Seguin-Devaux, Federico Garcia, Rolf Kaiser, Sara Modica, Adrian Shallvari, Anders Sonnerborg, Maurizio Zazzi
Summary: This large multi-cohort study indicates high effectiveness of elvitegravir- or dolutegravir-based first-line ART in routine practice across Europe. Factors such as baseline viral load and CD4 cell count can affect the treatment outcomes.
JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Youngji Jo, Lise Jamieson, Bevis Phiri, Anna Grimsrud, Muya Mwansa, Hilda Shakwelele, Prudence Haimbe, Mpande Mukumbwa-Mwenechanya, Priscilla Lumano Mulenga, Brooke E. Nichols, Sydney Rosen
Summary: To improve access and remove barriers to HIV treatment, many sub-Saharan Africa countries are implementing differentiated service delivery (DSD) models. This study assessed factors associated with attrition after enrollment in DSD models in Zambia, focusing on patient-level characteristics. The results showed that nearly all DSD models out-performed conventional care in terms of retention.
Article
Immunology
Jane S. Chen, Mitch Matoga, Cecilia Massa, Gerald Tegha, Beatrice Ndalama, Naomi Bonongwe, Esther Mathiya, Edward Jere, Gabriel Banda, Amy J. Loftis, Kathryn E. Lancaster, William C. Miller, Irving F. Hoffman, Myron S. Cohen
Summary: This study conducted in Lilongwe aimed to evaluate HIV shedding in men with urethritis receiving ART. The research found that despite viral suppression in the blood, some episodes of urethritis still showed seminal viral shedding. During non-urethritis follow-up, a small percentage of men had viral shedding in the semen while maintaining viral suppression in the blood.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Mohsen Sheykhhasan, Aidin Foroutan, Hamed Manoochehri, Saeideh Gholamzadeh Khoei, Naresh Poondla, Massoud Saidijam
Summary: HIV/AIDS remains a major global public health issue, with gene therapy showing promising results in combating HIV infection. Traditional treatment methods have limitations and side effects, making gene therapy an effective alternative.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mario Songane, Celia C. Magaia, Aleny Couto, Nataniel Dengo, Abdul R. Cassamo, Rene Nhantumbo, Carlos Mahumane, Atanasio Mabote, Silvia Mikusova, Amancio Nhangave, Nilesh Bhatt, Sushant S. Mukherjee
Summary: In Mozambique, a pilot home-based HIV counseling and testing program targeting sexual partners, children, and parents of people living with HIV was implemented to increase HIV testing. The community index testing approach not only proved to be cost-effective, but also identified a significant number of new HIV cases, particularly among males.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Laura N. Broyles, Robert Luo, Debi Boeras, Lara Vojnov
Summary: This article summarizes the risk of sexual transmission of HIV from individuals with low-level viral loads and emphasizes its importance in public health. The review of 8 studies shows that the risk of HIV transmission is almost zero when viral loads are below 1000 copies per mL. These findings can help destigmatize HIV and promote adherence to antiretroviral therapy.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ines Mendoza, Alicia Lazaro, Alfredo Espinosa, Lorenzo Sanchez, Ana Maria Horta, Miguel Torralba
Summary: This study shows that dolutegravir plus lamivudine (2-DR) is not as effective as bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide (3-DR) in treating HIV-1. However, the durability and safety of 2-DR are similar to 3-DR.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Robert Luo, Youyi Fong, Debi Boeras, Ilesh Jani, Lara Vojnov
Summary: This study aimed to compare the clinical effect of point-of-care HIV testing versus laboratory-based testing in HIV-exposed infants. The results showed that point-of-care testing significantly shortened the time to result delivery, time to antiretroviral therapy initiation, and increased the proportion of HIV-positive infants starting antiretroviral therapy within 60 days compared with standard of care.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Hendrik Streeck, Alvino Maestri, Daniel Habermann, Trevor A. Crowell, Allahna L. Esber, Gowoon Son, Leigh Anne Eller, Michael A. Eller, Ajay P. Parikh, Peter A. Horn, Lucas Maganga, Emmanuel Bahemana, Yakubu Adamu, Francis Kiweewa, Jonah Maswai, John Owuoth, Merlin L. Robb, Nelson L. Michael, Christina S. Polyak, Daniel Hoffmann, Julie A. Ake
Summary: Chronic immune activation in HIV-1 infection is influenced by factors such as HIV viral load, sex, age, region, and ART use. Predictors and associations among biomarkers and co-infections affect biomarkers associated with noncommunicable diseases.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
William Reidy, Herve Nzereka Kambale, Allison B. Hughey, Tengetile Tezzy Nhlengethwa, Janki Tailor, Nomthandazo Lukhele, Simangele Mthethwa, Anita Hettema, Peter Preko, Miriam Rabkin
Summary: Differentiated antiretroviral therapy (ART) models in Eswatini have been well received by both patients and healthcare workers, with patients reporting high satisfaction levels and improved medication adherence. These models have also been effective in reducing the workload of healthcare providers and wait times for patients. However, it is important to offer a diverse portfolio of ART models to cater to the heterogeneous needs of people living with HIV.
Article
Education & Educational Research
Nkechi W. Emenike, Franklin Onukwugha, Ahmed M. Sarki, Lesley Smith
Summary: Lack of sexual and reproductive health education contributes to poor outcomes for adolescents and young people in Sub-Saharan Africa. In Northern Nigeria, school-based comprehensive SRH education programs face opposition from community and religious institutions due to mistrust of Western ideologies. This study examined perceptions of such programs among secondary school staff, revealing conflicting views on their importance and barriers to delivery. Involving traditional and religious leaders and tailoring approaches may strengthen future implementation.
SEX EDUCATION-SEXUALITY SOCIETY AND LEARNING
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Olalekan Abdulrahman Uthman, Abimbola Ayorinde, Oyinlola Oyebode, Jo Sartori, Paramjit Gill, R. J. Lilford
Summary: This study provides estimates of prevalence of hypertension and type 2 diabetes in urban slums, and compares them with urban and rural areas. The burden of these conditions varies widely between countries and regions, as well as within countries.
Review
Environmental Sciences
Elias M. A. Militao, Elsa M. Salvador, Olalekan A. Uthman, Stig Vinberg, Gloria Macassa
Summary: Food insecurity is a major cause of malnutrition and is associated with negative health outcomes in low and middle-income countries. This review of 14 studies found that food insecurity is mainly associated with hypertension, diabetes, anxiety, depression, and increased risk of HIV acquisition in southern Africa. Future research is needed to address and improve food insecurity and health outcomes in the region.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Mustapha S. Abba, Chidozie U. Nduka, Seun Anjorin, Olalekan A. Uthman
Summary: This study using data from the 2016 Albania Demographic Health and Survey (DHS) found a significant association between household air pollution and hypertension, particularly among women, rural residents, and participants aged >24 years.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Fatima Abdulaziz Sule, Olalekan A. Uthman, Emmanuel Olawale Olamijuwon, Nchelem Kokomma Ichegbo, Ifeanyi C. Mgbachi, Babasola Okusanya, Olusesan Ayodeji Makinde
Summary: The application of a gender lens is crucial in addressing vulnerability and resilience in maternal and child health. This scoping review identified six key gendered dimensions of vulnerability and resilience, providing insights for the design and implementation of effective maternal and child health programs in low-income and middle-income countries.
Article
Emergency Medicine
Anthony Ndung, Eunice Ndirangu, Ahmed Sarki, Lilian Isiaho
Summary: Many low-and middle-income countries lack resources for well-functioning emergency care systems. Emergency nurses in Nairobi, Kenya have educational needs and gaps in providing ideal emergency care, especially in trauma, cardiovascular, respiratory, and neurological illnesses. Suggestions for addressing these needs include specialty training in emergency nursing through continuing professional development and short courses.
JOURNAL OF EMERGENCY NURSING
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Mubarak Patel, Salim Abatcha, Olalekan Abdulrahman Uthman
Summary: Cardiovascular disease has worse outcomes in ethnic minorities, especially South Asians, compared to the prevailing white ethnic group in developed countries. This article outlines a systematic literature review protocol to investigate the inequalities in cardiovascular disease outcomes between South Asian and white Caucasian ethnic groups.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Rea Alonzo, Kelly K. Anderson, Rebecca Rodrigues, Neil Klar, Paolo Chiodini, Manuel Montero-Odasso, Saverio Stranges
Summary: Few large nationwide studies have explored the relationship between shiftwork and cognitive performance as well as the potential moderating effect of psychological distress. This study found a significant association between shiftwork and executive functioning, with differences by sex and retirement status, but no evidence of a moderating effect by psychological distress. These findings confirm the impact of shiftwork on cognitive performance and highlight important health correlates.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Elias M. A. Militao, Elsa M. Salvador, Jose P. Silva, Olalekan A. Uthman, Stig Vinberg, Gloria Macassa
Summary: Food insecurity is a significant issue in Mozambique, with many households resorting to various coping strategies. The perception of health among food-insecure households is negatively affected, highlighting the importance of creating employment opportunities, empowering women, and implementing appropriate policies and programs to alleviate this problem.
Review
Psychiatry
Adam Mabrouk, Gideon Mbithi, Esther Chongwo, Ezra Too, Ahmed Sarki, Mary Namuguzi, Joseph Atukwatse, Derrick Ssewanyana, Amina Abubakar
Summary: The review findings show that there are various interventions available in sub-Saharan Africa that promote mental health among adolescents. These interventions encompass different implementation strategies such as economic-based, family strengthening, and psychoeducation, and can be implemented in diverse settings.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Stephen Ruhmel, Eunice Ndirangu-Mugo, Joseph Mwizerwa, Ahmed Sarki, Eunice Pallangyo
Summary: Despite improvements in education, policy changes, and pay raises, poor working conditions and a lack of respect still exist in the nursing and midwifery professions in East Africa. This study highlights the importance of strengthening health professional associations in addressing these issues.
GLOBAL HEALTH ACTION
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Tawa O. Olukade, Olalekan A. Uthman
Summary: In Sub-Saharan African countries, neonates from uneducated women are twice as likely to die following cesarean section delivery compared to neonates from educated women. This highlights the importance of improving education and socio-economic conditions in reducing neonatal and child mortality.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Elias M. A. Militao, Olalekan A. Uthman, Elsa M. Salvador, Stig Vinberg, Gloria Macassa
Summary: This study investigated the prevalence of food insecurity and its associated factors in southern Mozambique. The findings revealed that 79% of households in the rural area were food insecure, with low-income households, less educated heads, and those engaged in informal work being more prone to food insecurity. These results highlight the importance of joint efforts from government, the private sector, and international institutions to provide decent work opportunities and alleviate household food insecurity and malnutrition in Mozambique.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Mustapha S. Abba, Chidozie U. Nduka, Seun Anjorin, Fatima H. Zanna, Olalekan A. Uthman
Summary: This study used data from 138 countries to analyze the correlation between socioeconomic factors and the prevalence of hypertension. The findings showed that an increase in unemployment rate was associated with an increase in the prevalence of hypertension, while an increase in the percentage of urban population was associated with a decrease in the prevalence of hypertension.
JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR DEVELOPMENT AND DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Mustapha Abba, Chidozie Nduka, Seun Anjorin, Shukri Mohamed, Emmanuel Agogo, Olalekan Uthman
Summary: This study used topic modeling to uncover hidden topics and subtopics from 100 years of hypertension publications, identifying temporal trends. Most articles had negative valency, with positive and neutral valency articles increasing between 1980 and 2000. The research also found that the majority of topics can be grouped into preclinical, epidemiology, complications, and treatment-related studies categories.
JMIR FORMATIVE RESEARCH
(2022)
