Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Laurel Watkins de Jong, Mohammadreza Mohagheghi Nejad, Euisik Yoon, Sen Cheng, Kamran Diba
Summary: Recurrent connectivity and feedback inhibition from inhibitory neurons play crucial roles in determining the dynamics and computational properties of neuronal circuits. Through optogenetic manipulations and large-scale unit recordings, paradoxical responses were observed in both CA1 and CA3 regions of the hippocampus, where subsets of cells increased firing during photoinhibition while others decreased firing during photoexcitation. These paradoxical responses were more prominent in CA3 and simulations confirmed that both CA1 and CA3 hippocampal regions exhibit inhibition-stabilized networks with strong recurrent excitation.
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Yan Zhang, Bai-Hong Tan, Shuang Wu, Cheng-Hao Wu, Jia-Le Suo, Yue Gui, Cheng-Mei Zhou, Yan-Chao Li
Summary: The study revealed that ischemia/reperfusion led to a significant decrease in postsynaptic markers MAP2, PSD95, and F-actin in the hippocampal CA1 subfield, while no significant changes were observed in the presynaptic marker synapsin I at the protein level, but significant alterations were found in its number and size. The early decrease in synapsin I puncta size may be associated with excessive neurotransmitter release due to hyperexcitability, while the later increase in synapsin I puncta may indicate a loss of postsynaptic contacts and disability of synaptic vesicle release.
BRAIN STRUCTURE & FUNCTION
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Le Xu, Yiying Zhou, Linbo Hu, Hongde Jiang, Yibei Dong, Haowei Shen, Zhongze Lou, Siyu Yang, Yunxin Ji, Liemin Ruan, Xiaoqin Zhang
Summary: In this study, APP/PS1 mice were used as a transgenic model of AD. The results showed impaired NMDAR function, synaptic plasticity, and disrupted neuronal morphology in the hippocampal CA1 of 8-month-old APP/PS1 mice, contributing to cognitive impairment.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maria Nicol Colombo, Greta Maiellano, Sabrina Putignano, Lucrezia Scandella, Maura Francolini
Summary: This study compared quantitative data from 2D and 3D EM of mouse hippocampal synapses and found consistent results between the two methods. Therefore, there is a preference for using the more accessible measurements from 2D EM projections to avoid the time-consuming and costly volumetric datasets.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Mingdan You, Siyao Li, Siyu Yan, Dianqi Yao, Tingyu Wang, Yi Wang
Summary: Early-life exposure to environmental endocrine disruptors (EDCs) is a potential risk factor for autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This study found that exposure to nonylphenol (NP), a typical EDC, in early life can cause mild ASD-like behaviors. Additionally, the activation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress triggered by oxidative stress may contribute to synaptic dysfunction, underlying the neurobehavioral abnormalities induced by early-life exposure to NP.
ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Wei Sun, Yazi Mei, Xiaoliang Li, Yang Yang, Lei An
Summary: Prenatal exposure to maternal infection may impact learning and memory through altering proBDNF expression, resulting in contextual memory deficits.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sabrina Villar-Pazos, Laurel Thomas, Yunhan Yang, Kun Chen, Jenea B. Lyles, Bradley J. Deitch, Joseph Ochaba, Karen Ling, Berit Powers, Sebastien Gingras, Holly B. Kordasiewicz, Melanie J. Grubisha, Yanhua H. Huang, Gary Thomas
Summary: The mechanism underlying PACS1 syndrome remains unknown, but our study reveals that PACS1 is an effector of HDAC6 and the R203W mutation enhances the interaction between PACS1 and HDAC6, leading to increased deacetylase activity. This disrupts the structure and function of neural cells, and targeting PACS1(R203W)/HDAC6 may provide a potential therapeutic approach.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kathryn J. Bjornson, Amanda M. Vanderplow, Yezi Yang, Danielle R. Anderson, Bailey A. Kermath, Michael E. Cahill
Summary: This study found that repeated stress leads to increased levels of synaptic Rapt protein in the hippocampal region, resulting in changes in dendritic spines and cognitive phenotypes. By using super resolution imaging, the study revealed how the Rapt protein affects the stability of specific dendritic spines. These findings highlight the involvement of aberrant Rapt regulation in the hippocampus in contributing to the psychobiological effects of stress.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ju Hwan Kim, Kyung Hwun Chung, Yeong Ran Hwang, Hye Ran Park, Hee Jung Kim, Hyung-Gun Kim, Hak Rim Kim
Summary: Exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMFs) may lead to a reduction in dendritic spine number in hippocampal neurons, decreased expression of glutamate receptors in mushroom-type dendritic spines, and lower BDNF expression. RF-EMF exposure during early developmental stages in mice may decrease overall synaptic density and affect memory function.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Zhao-Hui Chen, Yuan-Yuan Han, Ying-Jie Shang, Si-Yi Zhuang, Jun-Ni Huang, Bao-Yan Wu, Chu-Hua Li
Summary: Cordycepin showed significant neuroprotective effects against cerebral ischemic damage by modulating A1 receptors, improving dendritic morphology, synaptic transmission, and learning and memory abilities. This suggests a potential pharmacological mechanism for cordycepin in ameliorating cognitive impairment induced by cerebral ischemia.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Sarah E. Heuer, Kelly J. Keezer, Amanda A. Hewes, Kristen D. Onos, Kourtney C. Graham, Gareth R. Howell, Erik B. Bloss
Summary: Human data suggest that susceptibility and resilience to features of Alzheimer's disease, such as microglia activation and synaptic dysfunction, are under genetic control. However, the causal relationships between these processes and how genomic diversity modulates them have not been systematically explored in mouse models.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2023)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Deepika Patel, Shobha Anilkumar, Sumantra Chattarji, Sietse F. de Boer, Bauke Buwalda
Summary: This study compared the apical dendritic spine density of neurons in rats that were repeatedly winning or losing social conflicts. The results showed that repeated defeat had atrophic effects on the hippocampal and prefrontal regions, while winners exhibited a surprising reduction in hippocampal spine density.
BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Shuai Shao, Chengjuan Chen, Gaona Shi, Yu Zhou, Yazi Wei, Lei Wu, Lan Sun, Tiantai Zhang
Summary: Monocytes play a crucial role in autoimmunity-related diseases in the central nervous system, and the JAK-STAT signaling pathway is involved in modulating the communication between monocytes and Th cells in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis. JAK inhibition shows potential therapeutic effects in treating experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) by blocking the GM-CSF-driven inflammatory signature of monocytes.
ACTA PHARMACEUTICA SINICA B
(2023)
Article
Virology
Wei Yao, Ping Zhou, Qiujin Yan, Xiulin Wu, Yaru Xia, Wenshi Li, Xuhang Li, Fan Zhu
Summary: Human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) are remnants of ancestral germline infections by exogenous retroviruses. In this study, ERVWE1 was found to change the density and morphology of dendritic spines in schizophrenia through inhibiting the Wnt/c-Jun N-terminal kinases non-canonical pathway via miR-141-3p. miR-141-3p, Wnt5a, and Arp2 may serve as potential clinical blood-based biomarkers or therapeutic targets for schizophrenia.
Article
Cell Biology
Gao-Jing Xu, Qun Zhang, Si-Yue Li, Yi-Tong Zhu, Ke-Wei Yu, Chuan-Jie Wang, Hong-Yu Xie, Yi Wu
Summary: There is currently no specific treatment for cognitive recovery after stroke. Dysfunction of the actin cytoskeleton is linked to cognitive decline after stroke, and regulation of ROCK proteins is important for its reorganization. Fasudil, combined with environmental enrichment, shows promise in improving memory dysfunction post-stroke by inhibiting the hippocampal ROCK/cofilin pathway and promoting neuronal survival in the CA1 region.
NEURAL REGENERATION RESEARCH
(2021)
