Article
Agricultural Engineering
Renata Nunes Pereira, Debora Pez Jaeschke, Ligia Damasceno Ferreira Marczak, Rosane Rech, Giovana Domeneghini Mercali
Summary: This study evaluated the effects of ultrasound on the growth of Pseudoneochloris marina and Chlorella zofingiensis. The results showed that ultrasound treatment did not increase cell proliferation of P. marina, but reduced cell density, indicating possible cell damage. On the other hand, ultrasound treatment for C. zofingiensis resulted in a 65% increase in biomass concentration compared to the control. Overall, the study demonstrates the potential of ultrasound to enhance microalgae cell proliferation.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Baptiste Vanleenhove, Lin Xu, Steven De Meester, Katleen Raes
Summary: Biomass stabilization is necessary to preserve macroconstituents and prevent degradation. This review summarizes research on the impact of physical, biological, and chemical stabilization methods on macroconstituent extraction yields and functionalities. Freeze drying is a commonly used method resulting in good extraction yield and functionality. Less studied methods like microwave drying, infrared drying, and ultrasound stabilization show better yields compared to conventional treatments. Biological and chemical treatments have shown promise but have been rarely performed.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Xiaoxia Yang, Chao Yu, Butera Hassan, Lun Zhang, Changkai Wang, Huan He, Bin Huang, Xuejun Pan
Summary: This study investigates the pyrolytic mechanism of starch, protein, and lipid in the presence of CaO, finding that CaO catalytically lowers the pyrolysis temperature, promotes the conversion into small molecules, and increases syngas production. The combination of char with the carbonation and calcination cycle of CaO also significantly boosts syngas yield and selectivity. The findings provide valuable insights for predicting the pyrolysis behavior of sewage sludge and syngas production in industrial applications.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Brian A. Bergmark, Nicholas A. Marston, Candace R. Bramson, Madelyn Curto, Vesper Ramos, Alexandra Jevne, Julia F. Kuder, Jeong-Gun Park, Sabina A. Murphy, Subodh Verma, Wojtek Wojakowski, Steven G. Terra, Marc S. Sabatine, Stephen D. Wiviott
Summary: The study found that vupanorsen significantly reduced non-HDL-C and triglyceride levels, and had an impact on ANGPTL3 levels. However, higher doses may lead to injection site reactions and elevated liver enzymes.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Shiyi Lu, Jie Li, Jingyun Ji, Yangyang Wen, Hongyan Li, Jing Wang, Baoguo Sun
Summary: This study investigates the effects of endogenous proteins and lipids on starch digestibility in quinoa flour and explores the physicochemical and textural properties related to the digestion process. Cooked whole quinoa flours have the highest starch digestibility, while pure quinoa starch has the lowest digestibility. Gel network is identified as a primary factor affecting the digestion process of starch in different quinoa flours.
FOOD HYDROCOLLOIDS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Judit Martin Juarez, Sonia Martinez-Paramo, Maria Mate-Gonzalez, Pedro A. Garcia Encina, Raul Munoz Torre, Silvia Bolado Rodriguez
Summary: This study evaluated the effect of different pretreatments on the solubilisation of components in microalgae-bacteria biomass, with acid pretreatment showing the highest carbohydrate solubilisation (98%) and monosaccharide recovery (81%). Physical pretreatments, especially bead milling, also increased the solubilisation of the biomass components during enzymatic hydrolysis.
Editorial Material
Microbiology
Andrea Du Toit
Summary: This study presents the discovery that the commensal bacterium Streptococcus salivarius worsens allergic rhinitis.
NATURE REVIEWS MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Applied
Jiaxin Zhao, Weiqing Lan, Jing Xie
Summary: Nanoemulsion-based technology is rapidly developing in the food industry, particularly in the design of bioactive compound delivery systems. This review provides a comprehensive understanding of the composition, function, antibacterial mechanism, and successful application of nanoemulsions as preservative agents against fish spoilage. The inclusion of bioactive substances in food-grade nanoemulsion encapsulation systems improves stability, controls release, and inhibits microbial growth via multiple targets. These nanoemulsions inhibit fish spoilage by reducing microbial load and retarding protein and lipid oxidation, thereby preserving fish quality. Additionally, nanoemulsions can be combined with vacuum packaging for enhanced microbial control, nutritional retention, and extended shelf-life of fish. Therefore, nanoemulsions are a promising strategy for inhibiting fish spoilage.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chuangchuang Zhang, Mingming Wang, Zhifeng Tan, Mengting Ma, Zhongquan Sui, Harold Corke
Summary: The distribution of surface proteins/lipids and their effects on the physicochemical properties of wheat A- and B-starch were analyzed. It was found that the surface lipids/proteins were characteristic of the biological origin of the starch and not directly related to granule size. The presence of residual surface lipids played a role in protecting the rigidity of A-starch granules and controlling the retrogradation in B-starch.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Li Tian, Shulin Zhang, Jianhua Yi, Zhenbao Zhu, Meili Li, Eric Andrew Decker, David Julian McClements
Summary: The study showed that Lycium barbarum polysaccharides can improve the quality of emulsion-based foods by enhancing physical and oxidative stability, with a higher LBP concentration leading to greater antioxidant effects. Optimization of the LBP level is necessary to ensure good stability of the emulsions.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Syaza Y. Binte Abu Bakar, Malinda Salim, Andrew J. Clulow, Kevin R. Nicholas, Ben J. Boyd
Summary: Pasteurization can reduce the bioactivity of proteins in human milk, hindering their immunological properties, while the content and composition of oligosaccharides and lipids remain unchanged after heat treatments. However, the decrease in lipase activity may impair the digestion and absorption of lipids, emphasizing the importance of carefully selecting temperature and heating time when pasteurizing donor human milk.
TRENDS IN FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Roua Lajnaf, Sawsan Feki, Salma Ben Ameur, Hamadi Attia, Thouraya Kammoun, Mohamed Ali Ayadi, Hatem Masmoudi
Summary: Cow's milk proteins allergy is a common food allergy in children, affecting 8% of the total pediatric population. This review focuses on mammalian milk allergies, including goat's, sheep's, buffalo's, camel's, mare's and donkey's milk allergies, aiming to increase awareness and reduce risks. Consumption of other mammalian milk types is not recommended due to cross-reactivity. Severe symptoms such as angio-oedema, urticaria, respiratory manifestations, and anaphylaxis characterize selective mammalian milk allergies. Cheese products are the most common source of allergens, while whey proteins are the major allergens in donkey's and mare's milk.
FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Fantahun Biadglegne, Johannes R. Schmidt, Kathrin M. Engel, Joerg Lehmann, Robert T. Lehmann, Anja Reinert, Brigitte Konig, Juergen Schiller, Stefan Kalkhof, Ulrich Sack
Summary: Tuberculosis (TB) is still one of the deadliest infectious diseases caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). This study investigated the lipid and protein composition of exosomes derived from TB patients' plasma, and found that the exosomes contain components from both the host and Mtb. The proportions of these components vary depending on disease and treatment state, and may be related to Mtb pathogenesis and dormancy. The study also identified proteins of Mtb origin and revealed the impact of Mtb infection on the host protein composition of circulating exosomes. These findings could lead to the development of new vaccines and therapies for TB.
Review
Food Science & Technology
Ioannis G. Stathas, Anastasios C. Sakellaridis, Marina Papadelli, John Kapolos, Konstantinos Papadimitriou, George J. Stathas
Summary: This review article focuses on the impact of insect pests on the quality of stored cereals and legume grains. It discusses the changes in amino-acid content, protein quality, carbohydrates, and lipids, as well as the technological characteristics of infested raw materials. The effects of infestation vary depending on the insects' trophic habits, component distribution in different grain species, and storage period. Understanding the impact of insect infestation on stored agricultural products and food quality is crucial for future food security.
Article
Plant Sciences
Izabela Ponso Magalhaes, Joao Paulo Rodrigues Marques, Marcela Eloi Gomes, Erivaldo Jose Scaloppi Junior, Ivan Herman Fischer, Edson Luiz Furtado, Rodney Lucio Pinheiro Henrique, Flavia Thomaz Verechia Rodrigues, Ana Carolina Firmino
Summary: The study evaluated structural and biochemical aspects related to the interactions between resistant and susceptible rubber tree clones and C. tamarillo. It was found that resistant clones showed alterations in cell content, greater accumulation of lignin and lipids, lower protein levels and stomatal density. There was no significant difference in tannins and PAL activity between inoculated and non-inoculated clones.