Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Sean R. Millar, Deirdre Mongan, Bobby P. Smyth, Ivan J. Perry, Brian Galvin
Summary: The study found that delaying the age of first alcohol and cannabis use by one year reduced the likelihood of being a current cannabis user. Among current users, older age at first tobacco and cannabis use was associated with lower frequency of cannabis use in the last 30 days. Analysis of participants aged 15-34 showed that delaying the onset of tobacco and cannabis use by each year reduced the odds of having a cannabis use disorder.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mohammad Howard-Azzeh, David L. Pearl, Alexandra Swirski, Madeline Ward, Roksolana Hovdey, Terri L. O'Sullivan, Olaf Berke
Summary: This study examined the effects of different state-level cannabis legislation, county-level socioeconomic factors, and dog-level characteristics on dog cannabis poisoning reports. The study found that in states with lower penalties for cannabis use and possession, there were significantly higher odds of calls being related to cannabis. Calls were more likely to come from counties with higher income variability, a higher percentage of urban population, and among smaller, male, and intact dogs. These reports increased over the study period (2009-2014).
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Daniel Fuster, Joseph Studer, Gerhard Gmel, Nicolas Bertholet
Summary: In a cohort study of 1613 Swiss young males currently using cannabis, factors associated with cannabis vaping included frequency of cannabis use, substance dependence, alcohol consumption, education level, and geographic location.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Jill A. Rabinowitz, Adrian Campos, Jue-Sheng Ong, Luis M. Garcia-Marin, Sarael Alcauter, Brittany L. Mitchell, Katrina L. Grasby, Gabriel Cuellar-Partida, Nathan A. Gillespie, Andrew S. Huhn, Nicholas G. Martin, Paul M. Thompson, Sarah E. Medland, Brion S. Maher, Miguel E. Renteria
Summary: The study uncovered a shared genetic etiology between cortical brain morphology and substance use behaviors, suggesting that genetic variants associated with substance use may be causally related to brain structure differences. This may help to better understand the association between brain structure and substance use.
Article
Psychiatry
Aaron Shephard, Simal Doelek, Sean P. Barrett
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the various factors associated with dependence on alcohol, cannabis, and nicotine. The results showed that alcohol dependence was related to cannabis and nicotine dependence as well as impulsivity, explaining 44.9% of the variance. Cannabis dependence was predicted by alcohol and nicotine dependence levels, impulsivity, and the age of onset of cannabis use, explaining 47.6% of the variance. Nicotine dependence was best predicted by alcohol and cannabis dependence levels, impulsivity, and dual use of cigarettes and e-cigarettes, explaining 19.9% of the variance.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Emma C. Johnson, Sandra Sanchez-Roige, Laura Acion, Mark J. Adams, Kathleen K. Bucholz, Grace Chan, Michael J. Chao, David B. Chorlian, Danielle M. Dick, Howard J. Edenberg, Tatiana Foroud, Caroline Hayward, Jon Heron, Victor Hesselbrock, Matthew Hickman, Kenneth S. Kendler, Sivan Kinreich, John Kramer, Sally I-Chun Kuo, Samuel Kuperman, Dongbing Lai, Andrew M. McIntosh, Jacquelyn L. Meyers, Martin H. Plawecki, Bernice Porjesz, David Porteous, Marc A. Schuckit, Jinni Su, Yong Zang, Abraham A. Palmer, Arpana Agrawal, Toni-Kim Clarke, Alexis C. Edwards
Summary: It was found that AUDIT-P PRS was associated with a variety of alcohol-related phenotypes across population-based and ascertained cohorts, while AUDIT-C PRS showed less utility in the ascertained cohort. The study demonstrated that AUDIT-P is genetically correlated with both use and misuse, and highlighted the influence of ascertainment schemes on PRS analyses.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Giuliana G. Repetti, Yuri Kim, Alexandre C. Pereira, Jodie Ingles, Mark W. Russell, Neal K. Lakdawala, Carolyn Y. Ho, Sharlene Day, Christopher Semsarian, Barbara McDonough, Steven R. DePalma, Daniel Quiat, Eric M. Green, Christine E. Seidman, J. G. Seidman
Summary: The clinical expression of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is influenced by background genetic variation and environmental factors. A study of 11 pairs of monozygotic HCM twins showed discordant cardiac morphology even among twins with the same pathogenic variant, indicating a significant role for epigenetics and environment in HCM disease progression. Whole genome sequencing analysis did not reveal notable somatic genetic variants to explain the clinical differences in the twins.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Amanda Doggett, Kyla Belisario, Andre J. Mcdonald, Mark A. Ferro, James G. Murphy, James Mackillop
Summary: A longitudinal observational cohort study in Canada found that there were decreases in cannabis use frequency and related consequences among high-risk young adults after recreational cannabis legalization.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Jennifer A. Bailey, Stacey S. Tiberio, David C. R. Kerr, Marina Epstein, Kimberly L. Henry, Deborah M. Capaldi
Summary: Canada, Uruguay, and 18 states in the U.S. have legalized nonmedical cannabis for adults, but the impact on adolescent cannabis use remains unclear. This study found that cannabis legalization did not predict changes in adolescent cannabis use among 13-18 year olds in Oregon, New York, and Washington. Findings suggest that legalization did not affect the prevalence or frequency of adolescent cannabis use.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Gregor Genrich, Celine Zeller, Hans Jorg Znoj
Summary: Protective Behavioral Strategies for Marijuana (PBSM) have been found to be negatively correlated with cannabis use frequency and severity of dependence among adolescent and young adult users. PBSM significantly moderates the effect of routine motives on the severity of dependence, but only a few cases who extensively use PBSM are affected.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Barrett Wallace Montgomery, Meaghan H. Roberts, Claire E. Margerison, James C. Anthony
Summary: This study evaluates the impact of state-level recreational cannabis policies in the US and finds an increase in newly onset cannabis use among older adults, but no significant changes among underage individuals. This research provides important insights into the effects of cannabis policies on different age groups.
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Jeremy Harper, Sylia Wilson, Jessica L. Bair, Ruskin H. Hunt, Kathleen M. Thomas, Stephen M. Malone, William G. Iacono
Summary: This study examines the effects of alcohol, cannabis, and nicotine use on hippocampal volume in young women and finds that greater substance use is significantly associated with lower hippocampal volume. These effects may be influenced by family risk and the consequences of smoking and drinking.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Annchen R. Knodt, Madeline H. Meier, Antony Ambler, Maria Z. Gehred, HonaLee Harrington, David Ireland, Richie Poulton, Sandhya Ramrakha, Avshalom Caspi, Terrie E. Moffitt, Ahmad R. Hariri
Summary: Cannabis legalization and use are surpassing our understanding of its long-term effects on the brain and behavior. Long-term cannabis users show thinner cortex, smaller subcortical gray matter volumes, and higher machine learning-predicted brain age at midlife, with these differences explained by polysubstance use, especially alcohol and tobacco.
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Jordan D. Alexander, Samantha M. Freis, Stephanie M. Zellers, Robin Corley, Amy Ledbetter, Rachel K. Schneider, Chanda Phelan, Hariharan Subramonyam, Maia Frieser, Gianna Rea-Sandin, Michelle E. Stocker, Helen Vernier, Ming Jiang, Yan Luo, Qi Zhao, Sally Ann Rhea, John Hewitt, Monica Luciana, Matt McGue, Sylia Wilson, Paul Resnick, Naomi P. Friedman, Scott I. Vrieze
Summary: This study examined the relationship between parental monitoring and adolescent substance use in a sample of 670 adolescent twins over a two-year period. The findings revealed a correlation between baseline substance use and parental monitoring, but no significant correlation between changes in substance use and parental monitoring. This suggests that there may not be a causal relationship between the two in community samples of mid-to-late adolescents.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Kelly C. Young-Wolff, Tara R. Foti, Andrea Green, Andrea Altschuler, Monique B. Does, Melanie Jackson-Morris, Sara R. Adams, Deborah Ansley, Amy Conway, Nancy Goler, Maha N. Mian, Esti Iturralde
Summary: As rates of prenatal cannabis use increase and cannabis legalization spreads across the US, this qualitative study aimed to understand pregnant individuals' perspectives on the legalization of cannabis for adult use in California. The findings suggest that legalization has made it easier for pregnant individuals to access cannabis, reduced stigma, and encouraged discussions about prenatal cannabis use with healthcare practitioners. However, opinions regarding the impact of retailer marketing, advertising, and concerns about Child Protective Services involvement varied.
Article
Substance Abuse
Genevieve F. Dash, Nicholas G. Martin, Wendy S. Slutske
Summary: Certain personality traits may increase the risk of using specific illicit drugs. The commonly identified associations between high neuroticism, low agreeableness, and low conscientiousness with drug use may be due to familial influences rather than personality itself. This insight can help predict the risk of illicit drug use more accurately and inform targeted prevention efforts.
PSYCHOLOGY OF ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS
(2023)
Review
Substance Abuse
Meredith W. Francis, Jessica L. Bourdon, Grace Chan, Danielle M. Dick, Howard J. Edenberg, Chella Kamarajan, Sivan Kinreich, John Kramer, Sally I-Chun Kuo, Ashwini K. Pandey, Gayathri Pandey, Rebecca L. Smith, Kathleen K. Bucholz, Vivia V. McCutcheon
Summary: The SRC-IPA is a new measure of Social Recovery Capital derived from the Important People and Activities instrument, showing good model fit and acceptable reliability and validity. It opens up avenues for better understanding of social recovery capital without the need for additional data collection.
ALCOHOL AND ALCOHOLISM
(2022)
Article
Substance Abuse
Christal N. Davis, Ian R. Gizer, Michael T. Lynskey, Dixie J. Statham, Andrew C. Heath, Nicholas G. Martin, Wendy S. Slutske
Summary: In Australia, adolescent substance use is associated with high school noncompletion, but this relationship may be influenced by confounding factors such as parental education, childhood conduct disorder symptoms, and use of other substances.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nathaniel S. Thomas, Jessica E. Salvatore, Sally I-Chun Kuo, Fazil Aliev, Vivia V. McCutcheon, Jacquelyn M. Meyers, Kathleen K. Bucholz, Sarah J. Brislin, Grace Chan, Howard J. Edenberg, Chella Kamarajan, John R. Kramer, Samuel Kuperman, Gayathri Pandey, Martin H. Plawecki, Marc A. Schuckit, Danielle M. Dick
Summary: This study tested whether the childhood/adolescent home environment mediates genetic risk for alcohol problems across generations within families. The results showed that parental relationship discord and divorce partially mediated the transmission of genetic risk for alcohol problems from parents to children, predicting earlier ages of regular drinking, intoxication, greater lifetime maximum drinks, and more lifetime AUD criteria in European ancestry families. However, there was no evidence of indirect effects of parental alleles via relationship discord or divorce on offspring alcohol outcomes in African ancestry families.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Substance Abuse
Gayathri Pandey, Sally I-Chun Kuo, Kristina A. Horne-Osipenko, Ashwini K. Pandey, Chella Kamarajan, Stacey Saenz de Viteri, Sivan Kinreich, David B. Chorlian, Weipeng Kuang, Mallory Stephenson, John Kramer, Andrey Anokhin, Yong Zang, Samuel Kuperman, Victor Hesselbrock, Marc Schuckit, Danielle Dick, Grace Chan, Vivia V. McCutcheon, Howard Edenberg, Kathleen K. Bucholz, Jacquelyn L. Meyers, Bernice Porjesz
Summary: Parental closeness during adolescence is associated with neurocognitive functioning and alcohol use outcomes in high-risk offspring, with father's closeness being related to P3 amplitude and frontal theta power, and mother's closeness being related to binge drinking. Sex differences exist in these associations.
ALCOHOL-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Substance Abuse
Marc A. Schuckit, Tom L. Smith, George Danko, Kathleen K. Bucholz, Victor Hesselbrock, Michie Hesselbrock, Samuel Kuperman, John Kramer, John I. Nurnberger, Dongbing Lai, Grace Chan, Chella Kamarajan, Sally Kuo, Danielle M. Dick, Jake Tear, Lee Anne Mendoza, Howard J. Edenberg, Bernice Porjesz
Summary: A study on 414 drinkers found that personality traits and levels of response to alcohol are associated with future alcohol problems, even after considering existing demographic and substance use variables. The results indicate that most personality traits and levels of response to alcohol can predict future alcohol problems.
ALCOHOL-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Substance Abuse
Marc A. L. Schuckit, Tom L. Smith, George Danko, Jake Tear, Jessica Hennies, Lee Anne Mendoza, Victor J. Hesselbrock, Howard J. Edenberg, Michie Hesselbrock, Kathleen Bucholz, Grace Chan, Samuel W. Kuperman, Meredith W. H. Francis, Martin H. Plawecki
Summary: The study showed that the endorsement rates of alcohol dependence criteria generally increased among individuals in their twenties with persistent or recurrent AUD, while few changes were observed in the rates of endorsement of the abuse criteria. A similar pattern was seen within men, but women had significant changes in only some of the dependence criteria.
ALCOHOL-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Substance Abuse
Sally I-Chun Kuo, Nathaniel S. S. Thomas, Fazil Aliev, Kathleen K. K. Bucholz, Danielle M. M. Dick, Vivia V. V. McCutcheon, Jacquelyn L. L. Meyers, Grace Chan, Chella Kamarajan, John R. R. Kramer, Victor Hesselbrock, Martin H. H. Plawecki, Bernice Porjesz, Jay Tischfield, Jessica E. E. Salvatore
Summary: This study aimed to test gene-by-environment interaction effects on alcohol outcomes, examining how children's genetic risk for alcohol problems modifies the impact of parental divorce and discord. The results showed that parental divorce, discord, and children's genetic risk were associated with earlier alcohol initiation and increased risk of alcohol use disorder. Furthermore, there were differences in the interaction effects across different ancestry groups.
ALCOHOL-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
V. Kartik Chundru, Riccardo E. Marioni, James G. D. Prendergast, Tian Lin, Allan J. Beveridge, Nicholas G. Martin, Grant W. Montgomery, David A. Hume, Ian J. Deary, Peter M. Visscher, Naomi R. Wray, Allan F. McRae
Summary: Testing the effect of rare variants on phenotypic variation is challenging due to the need for large cohorts. This study investigates the effect of rare genetic variants on DNA methylation (DNAm) and demonstrates their role in phenotypic variation. The study also shows that extreme levels of DNAm have functional consequences on gene expression.
HUMAN MOLECULAR GENETICS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Stacey Saenz de Viteri, Jian Zhang, Emma C. Johnson, Peter B. Barr, Howard J. Edenberg, Victor M. Hesselbrock, John I. I. Nurnberger Jr, Ashwini K. Pandey, Chella Kamarajan, Sivan Kinreich, Jay A. Tischfield, Martin H. Plawecki, John R. Kramer, Dongbing Lai, Samuel Kuperman, Grace Chan, Vivia V. McCutcheon, Kathleen K. Bucholz, Bernice Porjesz, Jacquelyn L. Meyers
Summary: Recent GWAS studies have identified genetic markers associated with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in civilian and military populations. However, the influence of co-occurring alcohol dependence on PTSD genetics has not been explored. This study examined genome-wide associations of PTSD and polygenic risk scores (PRS) for PTSD, derived from two different GWAS studies, with alcohol dependence and substance dependence. The findings highlight the importance of considering substance dependence, particularly alcohol dependence, when investigating the genetic factors underlying PTSD.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Chella Kamarajan, Ashwini K. Pandey, David B. Chorlian, Jacquelyn L. Meyers, Sivan Kinreich, Gayathri Pandey, Stacey Subbie-Saenz de Viteri, Jian Zhang, Weipeng Kuang, Peter B. Barr, Fazil Aliev, Andrey P. Anokhin, Martin H. Plawecki, Samuel Kuperman, Laura Almasy, Alison Merikangas, Sarah J. Brislin, Lance Bauer, Victor Hesselbrock, Grace Chan, John Kramer, Dongbing Lai, Sarah Hartz, Laura J. Bierut, Vivia V. McCutcheon, Kathleen K. Bucholz, Danielle M. Dick, Marc A. Schuckit, Howard J. Edenberg, Bernice Porjesz
Summary: This study investigates the use of multi domain features to classify individuals with and without alcohol-induced memory problems. Significant features include resting state brain connectivity, personality traits, life experiences, polygenic risk, and alcohol consumption and related consequences. These findings provide insights into predicting alcohol-related memory problems in later life.
BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Tessa A. Mulder, Purdey J. Campbell, Peter N. Taylor, Robin P. Peeters, Scott G. Wilson, Marco Medici, Colin Dayan, Vincent V. W. Jaddoe, John P. Walsh, Nicholas G. Martin, Henning Tiemeier, Tim I. M. Korevaar
Summary: This study found that the effects of many known thyroid function-related genes are already apparent in childhood, and some genes have a greater impact on children compared to adults. These findings provide new insights into the genetic regulation of thyroid function in early life.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Behavioral Sciences
Isabel Gameiro-Ros, Dina Popova, Iya P. Prytkova, Zhiping Pang, Yunlong Liu, Danielle K. Dick, Kathleen Bucholz, Arpana Agrawal, Bernice M. Porjesz, Alison Goate, Xiaoling Xuei, Chella A. Kamarajan, Jay J. Tischfield, Howard A. Edenberg, Paul P. Slesinger, Ronald Hart
Summary: Alcohol Use Disorder is a complex genetic disorder influenced by genetic, neural, and environmental factors. The Collaborative Study on the Genetics of Alcoholism (COGA) has identified potential risk genes using genome-wide association studies and investigated their functional changes using human cell lines and brain tissue. They have used high throughput reporter assays to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms affecting gene expression and modeled these genetic variants using induced pluripotent stem cells to evaluate their effects on neuronal physiology and response to ethanol. COGA has demonstrated the importance of integrating multimodal data and functional studies to understand the mechanisms underlying alcohol use disorder.
GENES BRAIN AND BEHAVIOR
(2023)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Lina M. Gomez, Brittany L. Mitchell, Kerrie McAloney, Jessica Adsett, Natalie Garden, Madeline Wood, Santiago Diaz-Torres, Luis M. Garcia-Marin, Michael Breakspear, Nicholas G. Martin, Michelle K. Lupton
Summary: The recruitment of participants for research studies may be biased. The Prospective Imaging Study of Ageing (PISA) aims to understand the traits and course of healthy adults at high risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD) in the future. The genetic data of successfully and unsuccessfully recruited participants from existing cohort studies were analyzed to investigate the genetic contribution to voluntary recruitment and genetic predisposition to AD. While no significant association was found between the genetic risk for AD and study participation, significant associations were observed with key causal risk factors for AD, such as IQ, household income, and years of education. Older age and female gender were also found to be factors influencing study participation. The findings underscore the importance of considering bias in key risk factors for AD when recruiting individuals for cohort studies.
TWIN RESEARCH AND HUMAN GENETICS
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Julie Aitken Schermer, Marisa L. Kfrerer, Michael T. Lynskey
Summary: This study examines the relationship between alcohol dependence and humor styles, and finds a significant correlation between aggressive humor style and alcohol dependence.
CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
