Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Nana He, Yuelin Zhang, Lu Zhang, Shun Zhang, Honghua Ye
Summary: With the global aging population, aging-related diseases have become a challenge for governments across the world. Sarcopenia, defined as age-related loss of skeletal muscle mass, strength, function, and physical performance, is common in elderly patients with chronic diseases and may play a crucial role in the pathophysiology and progression of cardiovascular diseases. Further research is needed to better understand the relationship, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnostic criteria, and mechanisms of sarcopenia and cardiovascular diseases in the elderly, which could lead to potential interventions for improved clinical outcomes.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Isabelle Turcotte, Mohamed El-Far, Manel Sadouni, Carl Chartrand-Lefebvre, Ali Filali-Mouhim, Remi Fromentin, Annie Chamberland, Mohammad-Ali Jenabian, Jean-Guy Baril, Benoit Trottier, Rejean Thomas, Cecile L. Tremblay, Madeleine Durand, Nicolas Chomont, Canadian HIV Aging Cohort Study
Summary: People with HIV diagnosed with atherosclerotic plaques have higher levels of HIV DNA compared to those without plaques. In a prediction model with 27 traditional and HIV-related risk factors, measures of HIV DNA were found to be among the most important predictors of plaque formation.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Hematology
Hui Yin Lim, Brandon Lui, Mark Tacey, David Barit, Geoffrey Donnan, Harshal Nandurkar, Louise M. Burrell, Prahlad Ho
Summary: Despite cardiovascular diseases and thrombosis being major causes of death in patients with CKD, there remains no effective biomarker to predict thrombotic risk in this population. This study evaluated global coagulation assays in CKD patients and correlated the biomarkers to various clinical outcomes. The results showed that CKD patients have increased coagulation function and potential thrombotic risk factors.
THROMBOSIS RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Jeanette A. Maier, Vicente Andres, Sara Castiglioni, Alessandro Giudici, Emily S. Lau, Janos Nemcsik, Francesca Seta, Paola Zaninotto, Mariella Catalano, Naomi M. Hamburg
Summary: Vascular aging predicts cardiovascular events and mortality, early assessment allows identification of at-risk individuals, and more studies are needed to develop strategies for prevention and treatment.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
John J. V. McMurray, David C. Wheeler, Bergur V. Stefansson, Niels Jongs, Douwe Postmus, Ricardo Correa-Rotter, Glenn M. Chertow, Tom Greene, Claes Held, Fan-Fan Hou, Johannes F. E. Mann, Peter Rossing, C. David Sjostrom, Roberto D. Toto, Anna Maria Langkilde, Hiddo J. L. Heerspink
Summary: Dapagliflozin reduces the risk of kidney failure, death from cardiovascular causes or hospitalization for heart failure, and prolongs survival in people with chronic kidney disease, independently of the presence of concomitant cardiovascular disease, regardless of whether they have type 2 diabetes.
Article
Immunology
Matheus Aranguren, Kim Doyon-Laliberte, Mohamed El-Far, Carl Chartrand-Lefebvre, Jean-Pierre Routy, Jean-Guy Barril, Benoit Trottier, Cecile Tremblay, Madeleine Durand, Johanne Poudrier, Michel Roger
Summary: Chronic inflammation persists in PLHIV despite ART and is involved in their premature development of CVD such as atherosclerosis. BAFF levels are elevated and positively correlate with CVD and its risk factors in PLHIV, while APRIL levels correlate negatively. Breg markers expression is lower in PLHIV compared to HIV-uninfected controls, and APRIL can upregulate their expression while BAFF dampens this modulation.
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Cynthia C. Lim, Jason C. J. Choo, Hui Zhuan Tan, Irene Y. J. Mok, Yok Mooi Chin, Choong Meng Chan, Keng Thye Woo
Summary: The study revealed that diabetes mellitus has a significant impact on kidney failure and cardiovascular events in patients with glomerulonephritis.
KIDNEY RESEARCH AND CLINICAL PRACTICE
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Tiffany E. Gooden, Mike Gardner, Jingya Wang, Kate Jolly, Deirdre A. Lane, Laura A. Benjamin, Henry C. Mwandumba, Vanessa Kandoole, Isaac B. Lwanga, Stephen Taylor, Semira Manaseki-Holland, Gregory Y. H. Lip, Krishnarajah Nirantharakumar, G. Neil Thomas
Summary: People with HIV are at increased risk for cardiovascular disease and common risk factors, highlighting the importance of regular screening for these conditions.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Sandhya S. Thomas, Jiao Wu, Giovanni Davogustto, Michael W. Holliday, Kristin Eckel-Mahan, Daniela Verzola, Giacomo Garibotto, Zhaoyong Hu, William E. Mitch, Heinrich Taegtmeyer
Summary: The study reveals the important role of SIRP alpha protein in CKD-induced adverse cardiac remodeling by impairing insulin/IGF1R signaling, leading to myocardial dysfunction and fibrosis.
CIRCULATION RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Maria Teresa Zicarelli, Gemma Patella, Davide Bolignano, Alessandro Comi, Paola Cianfrone, Nicolino Comi, Pierangela Presta, Giorgio Fuiano, Alberto Castagna, Giovanni Ruotolo, Michele Andreucci, Giuseppe Coppolino
Summary: Despite being highly prevalent in the elderly, nephrosclerosis is associated with a slower decline in renal function and a lower occurrence of composite renal outcomes compared to other conditions in elderly individuals with chronic kidney disease.
JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
L. Parker Gregg, Peter N. Van Buren, David J. Ramsey, Amaris Maydon, Subhash Banerjee, Carl P. Walther, Salim S. Virani, Wolfgang C. Winkelmayer, Sankar D. Navaneethan, S. Susan Hedayati
Summary: Natriuretic peptide levels are elevated in patients with chronic kidney disease stages 1-3 and may be associated with cardiovascular changes. Cardiovascular parameters and natriuretic peptides are correlated with symptoms.
JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Karen Gronemeyer, Carmina Teresa Fuss, Franca Hermes, Armin Plass, Ann-Cathrin Koschker, Anke Hannemann, Henry Voelzke, Stefanie Hahner
Summary: Patients with chronic hypoparathyroidism have a higher prevalence of impaired renal function, which is independent of renal calcifications. Disease duration and serum phosphate or 24-hour urinary calcium excretion are predictors for renal calcifications.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Farouk F. Abou Hassan, Mirna A. Bou Hamdan, Khalil El Asmar, Jacques E. Mokhbat, Nada M. Melhem
Summary: This study investigated the occurrence of non-AIDS associated comorbid conditions among HIV patients on cART in Lebanon. The results showed a high prevalence of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease in the study participants. Older age and longer duration of cART treatment were associated with a higher risk of hyperlipidemia. The findings provide important information for improving the management of non-communicable diseases among PLHIV.
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Stacey E. Alexeeff, Kamala Deosaransingh, Noelle S. Liao, Stephen K. Van den Eeden, Joel Schwartz, Stephen Sidney
Summary: The study found that long-term exposure to fine particulate matter is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular mortality among adults with COPD, especially in low exposure scenarios. The results suggest that current regulations may not be sufficient in protecting individuals with COPD from the negative effects of air pollution.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Urology & Nephrology
Carolina S. Vengrus, Vinicius D. Delfino, Paulo R. Bignardi
Summary: A systematic review and meta-analysis found a significant association between long-term PPI use and increased risk of CKD and ESRD, emphasizing the need for caution and adherence to FDA guidelines when prescribing these drugs.
MINERVA UROLOGY AND NEPHROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Fabio Mauri, Sara Cottler-Casanova, Matthias Cavassini, Marcel Stoeckle, Gilles Wandeler, Patrick Schmid, Dominique L. Braun, Alexandra Scherrer, Enos Bernasconi, Alexandra Calmy, Jasmine Abdulcadir
Summary: FGM/C is a harmful practice that involves injury to the female genitalia without medical purpose, and it is prevalent worldwide. There is a lack of knowledge on how to care for women with FGM/C, and improvements in care and prevention are needed.
JOURNAL OF IMMIGRANT AND MINORITY HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Isabella C. Schoepf, Christian W. Thorball, Helen Kovari, Bruno Ledergerber, Ronny R. Buechel, Alexandra Calmy, Rainer Weber, Philipp A. Kaufmann, Rene Nkoulou, Johannes M. Schwenke, Dominique L. Braun, Jacques Fellay, Philip E. Tarr
Summary: In Swiss HIV-infected individuals, subclinical coronary artery disease is independently associated with an individual polygenic risk score for coronary artery disease. Combining non-genetic and genetic cardiovascular risk factors provides the most powerful prediction for subclinical coronary artery disease.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Daniel D. Murray, Birgit Grund, Cameron R. MacPherson, Christina Ekenberg, Adrian G. Zucco, Joanne Reekie, Lourdes Dominguez-Dominguez, Preston Leung, Dahlene Fusco, Julien Gras, Jan Gerstoft, Marie Helleberg, Alvaro H. Borges, Mark N. Polizzotto, Jens D. Lundgren
Summary: Genetic variation in the TET2 gene is associated with HIV viral load, particularly in antiretroviral-naive individuals. This finding is crucial for understanding the pathways of HIV-pathogenesis.
Article
Immunology
Anna Hachfeld, Andrew Atkinson, Petra Stute, Alexandra Calmy, Philip E. Tarr, Katharine E. A. Darling, Baharak Babouee Flury, Christian Polli, Leila Sultan-Beyer, Irene A. Abela, Karoline Aebi-Popp
Summary: The study found that the increased rates of depression and psychiatric care during the transition through menopause do not lead to lower levels of treatment adherence or viral suppression in women living with HIV in Switzerland.
JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Suraj Balakrishna, Tom Loosli, Maryam Zaheri, Paul Frischknecht, Michael Huber, Katharina Kusejko, Sabine Yerly, Karoline Leuzinger, Matthieu Perreau, Alban Ramette, Chris Wymant, Christophe Fraser, Paul Kellam, Astrid Gall, Hans H. Hirsch, Marcel Stoeckle, Andri Rauch, Matthias Cavassini, Enos Bernasconi, Julia Notter, Alexandra Calmy, Huldrych F. Gunthard, Karin J. Metzner, Roger D. Kouyos
Summary: This study compared the reliability of Sanger sequencing and Next-generation sequencing (NGS) in detecting HIV drug resistance mutations (DRMs). The results showed good agreement between the two methods when detecting mutations at a threshold of 5% or higher. However, at lower thresholds, NGS detected a substantial number of low-frequency mutations, which were likely to be sequencing errors.
JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Marco Labarile, Tom Loosli, Marius Zeeb, Katharina Kusejko, Michael Huber, Hans H. Hirsch, Matthieu Perreau, Alban Ramette, Sabine Yerly, Matthias Cavassini, Manuel Battegay, Andri Rauch, Alexandra Calmy, Julia Notter, Enos Bernasconi, Christoph Fux, Huldrych F. Gunthard, Chloe Pasin, Roger D. Kouyos
Summary: This study investigated and predicted the dynamics of HIV transmission in Switzerland using a network-based clustering method and statistical learning approaches. The study found that network characteristics can capture major heterogeneities in transmission and that cluster structure has the potential for real-time prediction of ongoing transmission.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Kalongo Hamusonde, Dunja Nicca, Huldrych F. Gunthard, Marcel Stoeckle, Katharine E. A. Darling, Alexandra Calmy, Enos Bernasconi, David Haerry, Patrick Schmid, Roger D. Kouyos, Andri Rauch, Luisa Salazar-Vizcaya
Summary: We examined the changes in sexual behavior of HIV-positive individuals over a span of 20 years. Since the Swiss U = U statement, the use of condoms with stable partners has consistently decreased from over 90% to 29%, with similar trends observed among men who have sex with men (MSM) and heterosexuals. Despite the COVID-19 pandemic and social distancing measures, MSM have maintained a higher frequency of occasional partnerships compared to heterosexual individuals.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Maarten van Wijhe, Kamille Fogh, Steen Ethelberg, Kasper Karmark Iversen, Henrik Nielsen, Lars Ostergaard, Berit Andersen, Henning Bundgaard, Charlotte S. Jorgensen, Bibi F. Ss Scharff, Svend Ellermann-Eriksen, Isik S. Johansen, Anders Fomsgaard, Tyra Grove Krause, Lothar Wiese, Thea K. Fischer, Kare Molbak, Thomas Benfield, Fredrik Folke, Freddy Lippert, Sisse R. Ostrowski, Anders Koch, Christian Erikstrup, Anne-Marie Vangsted, Anna Irene Vedel Sorensen, Henrik Ullum, Robert Leo Skov, Lone Simonsen, Susanne Dam Nielsen
Summary: This study assessed the burden of long COVID among nonhospitalized adults with PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection. The results showed that 25 out of 100 cases reported at least one long-COVID symptom. Infected individuals had worse general health, higher odds of various symptoms, particularly loss of taste and smell, and significantly reduced physical and mental health. Female sex and severity of infection were identified as major risk factors for long COVID.
OPEN FORUM INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Kamille Fogh, Alexandra R. R. Eriksen, Tine Graakjaer Larsen, Rasmus B. Hasselbalch, Henning Bundgaard, Bibi F. S. S. Scharff, Susanne D. Nielsen, Charlotte S. Jorgensen, Christian Erikstrup, Lars ostergaard, Svend Ellermann-Eriksen, Berit Andersen, Henrik Nielsen, Isik S. Johansen, Lothar Wiese, Lotte Hindhede, Susan Mikkelsen, Susanne G. Saekmose, Bitten Aagaard, Dorte K. Holm, Lene Harritshoj, Lone Simonsen, Thea K. Fischer, Fredrik Folke, Freddy Lippert, Sisse R. Ostrowski, Thomas Benfield, Kare Molbak, Steen Ethelberg, Anders Koch, Anne-Marie Vangsted, Tyra Grove Krause, Anders Fomsgaard, Henrik Ullum, Robert Skov, Kasper Iversen
Summary: This study investigated the immunity against COVID-19, risk factors, and behavior among employees in day care facilities and preschools (DCS) in Denmark. The study found that DCS staff had a higher risk of exposure within their own household than at their workplace. The study also found that most employees expressed fear of contracting COVID-19 and there was limited use of personal protective equipment at work.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Editorial Material
Immunology
Jens Lundgren
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Hortensia Alvarez, Amanda Mocroft, Lene Ryom, Bastian Neesgaard, Simon Edwards, Veronica Svedhem, Huldrych F. Guenthard, Robert Zangerle, Colette Smith, Antonella Castagna, Antonella d'Arminio Monforte, Ferdinand Wit, Melanie Stecher, Clara Lehman, Cristina Mussini, Eric Fontas, Eva Gonzalez, Jan-Christian Wasmuth, Anders Soennerborg, Stephane De Wit, Nikoloz Chkhartishvili, Christoph Stephan, Kathy Petoumenos, Nadine Jaschinski, Vani Vannappagari, Joel Gallant, Lital Young, Alain Volny Anne, Lauren Greenberg, Raquel Martin-Iguacel, Eva Poveda, Josep M. Llibre
Summary: High baseline HIV RNA levels and low baseline CD4 T-cell counts are associated with higher rates of viral blips, low-level viremia, and residual viremia in individuals treated with integrase inhibitors or specifically with dolutegravir-based regimens, suggesting an independent impact of these characteristics.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Review
Infectious Diseases
Nils Wetzstein, Thomas A. Kohl, Margo Diricks, Silvia Mas-Peiro, Tomas Holubec, Johanna Kessel, Christiana Graf, Benjamin Koch, Eva Herrmann, Maria J. G. T. Vehreschild, Michael Hogardt, Stefan Niemann, Christoph Stephan, Thomas A. Wichelhaus
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics and outcome of HCU-associated Mycobacterium chimaera infections. The study found that these infections were characterized by high morbidity and mortality, as well as challenges in diagnosis and treatment. Reoperation was associated with better survival.
CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Jens Christian Norgaard, Mette Jorgensen, Kasper Sommerlund Moestrup, Emma Elizabeth Ilett, Adrian Gabriel Zucco, Ramtin Z. Marandi, Marc Noguera Julian, Roger Paredes, Jens D. Lundgren, Henrik Sengelov, Cameron MacPherson
Summary: By utilizing human gut metagenomics and detailed prescription data, this study identifies novel in vivo associations between the gut microbiome and antibiotic treatment, providing valuable information for antibiotic stewardship to combat antibiotic resistance.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Benjamin Schleenvoigt, Juliane Ankert, Grit Barten-Neiner, Florian Voit, Norbert Suttorp, Christoph Boesecke, Christian Hoffmann, Daiana Stolz, Mathias Pletz, Gernot Rohde, Martin Witzenrath, Marcus Panning, Andreas Essig, Jan Rupp, Olaf Degen, Christoph Stephan, M. Dreher
Summary: The objective of this study was to identify the pathogen spectrum of community acquired pneumonia in people living with HIV (PLWH), and to compare it with a matched HIV negative group in order to reassess therapeutic strategies for PLWH. The study used various methods to identify pathogens, and found that pneumococci were the most common pathogen among both PLWH and controls. The mortality rate was higher for PLWH compared to controls.
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Marius Troseid, Jose R. Arribas, Lambert Assoumou, Aleksander Rygh Holten, Julien Poissy, Vida Terzic, Fulvia Mazzaferri, Jesus Rodriguez Bano, Joe Eustace, Maya Hites, Michael Joannidis, Jose-Artur Paiva, Jean Reuter, Isabel Puentmann, Thale D. J. H. Patrick-Brown, Elin Westerheim, Katerina Nezvalova-Henriksen, Lydie Beniguel, Tuva Borresdatter Dahl, Maude Bouscambert, Monika Halanova, Zoltan Peterfi, Sotirios Tsiodras, Michael Rezek, Matthias Briel, Serhat Unal, Martin Schlegel, Florence Ader, Karine Lacombe, Cecilie Delphin Amdal, Serge Rodrigues, Kristian Tonby, Alexandre Gaudet, Lars Heggelund, Joy Mootien, Asgeir Johannessen, Jannicke Horjen Moller, Beatriz Diaz Pollan, Anders Aune Tveita, Anders Benjamin Kildal, Jean-Christophe Richard, Olav Dalgard, Victoria Charlotte Simensen, Aliou Balde, Lucie de Gastines, Marta del Alamo, Burc Aydin, Fridtjof Lund-Johansen, Mary-Anne Trabaud, Alpha Diallo, Bente Halvorsen, John-Arne Rottingen, Evelina Tacconelli, Yazdan Yazdanpanah, Inge C. Olsen, Dominique Costagliola
Summary: The study conducted a placebo-controlled trial of baricitinib in severe/critical COVID cases. The results showed that baricitinib did not reduce mortality within 60 days, and there may be safety risks in vaccinated participants, which require further investigation.