Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ameer B. Taresh, Craig A. Hutton
Summary: This study presents a site-specific method for preparing N-glycosylated peptides through the incorporation of a peptide backbone thioamide linkage adjacent to an Asp residue, which facilitates site-specific conversion to N-glycosylated Asn residues in peptides promoted by Ag-I.
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Jiechen Shen, Bojing Zhu, Zexuan Chen, Li Jia, Shisheng Sun
Summary: O-Acetylation is a common modification of sialic acid that has a significant impact on glycoprotein stability, immune response, and cell development. This study introduces a new workflow for accurately interpreting O-Acetylated sialoglycopeptides (OAcSGPs) and estimating their probability. By optimizing mass spectrometry parameters, this method has successfully identified 171 unique O-AcSGPs in mouse serum, providing insights into their activities and paving the way for further analyses of site-specific O-AcSias in complex samples.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Jiechen Shen, Bojing Zhu, Zexuan Chen, Li Jia, Shisheng Sun
Summary: O-Acetylation is a common modification of sialic acid that plays an important role in glycoprotein stability, immune response, and cell development. However, the lack of efficient methods for direct analysis of O-acetylated sialoglycopeptides has limited the identification of O-acetylated sialic acids with glycosite/glycoprotein information. In this study, a new workflow was introduced for precise interpretation of O-AcSGPs by identifying the characteristic B and Y ions of O-AcSias. The method allowed the identification of 171 unique O-AcSGPs in mouse serum, paving the way for large-scale structural and functional analyses of site-specific O-AcSias in complex samples.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yen-Lin Huang, Ching-Yeu Liang, Vera Labitzky, Danilo Ritz, Tiago Oliveira, Cecile Cumin, Manuela Estermann, Tobias Lange, Arun V. Everest-Dass, Francis Jacob
Summary: ITGA2 is a highly glycosylated transmembrane protein in ovarian cancer tissue and cell lines, with N- and O-glycosylation sites playing a crucial role in collagen and laminin binding. Mutants lacking N-glycosylated ITGA2 show decreased adherence to collagen, potentially due to increased proteasome degradation through poly-ubiquitination.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Haochen Duan, Bo Yang, Fang Huang
Summary: The equilibrium Mg isotope fractionation factors derived from theoretical calculation and experimental studies don't match the values observed in natural samples. The presence of non-equivalent cation sites complicates the inter-mineral equilibrium isotope fractionation. By investigating the partition function ratios of these non-equivalent sites, it was found that sites with larger polyhedron volumes prefer lighter Mg isotopes, leading to significant variations in equilibrium Mg isotope fractionation between minerals. The site-specific effect can provide better evaluation of equilibrium fractionation and establish Mg isotope geothermometers.
GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lucia De Rosa, Rossella Di Stasi, Alessandra Romanelli, Luca Domenico D'Andrea
Summary: This article provides an updated overview of methodologies developed to selectively modify proteins by targeting the N-terminal alpha-amine group. Chemical and enzymatic strategies for selective labeling of the protein N-terminal alpha-amine group are described.
Article
Agricultural Economics & Policy
Brian E. Mills, B. Wade Brorsen, Davood Poursina, D. Brian Arnall
Summary: This article develops a theoretical framework for determining the economically optimal grid size for precision application of inputs. An empirical example confirms that the optimal grid size varies with output prices, crop yields, and spatial correlations.
AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Zhenyu Sun, Bin Fu, Guoli Wang, Lei Zhang, Ruofan Xu, Ying Zhang, Haojie Lu
Summary: The glycoproteome is a key target for biomarker screening due to altered glycosylation in cancer cells. A novel method combining tandem mass tag labeling and chemical labeling-assisted complementary dissociation was developed for quantitative glycoproteomics. Comprehensive site-specific and subclass-specific N-glycosylation profiling of human serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) was performed, revealing IgG1-H3N5F1 and IgG4-H4N3 as potential markers for different stages of liver diseases. The expression changes of glycosylation in liver diseases were successfully validated using targeted parallel reaction monitoring in a separate sample cohort.
NATIONAL SCIENCE REVIEW
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Yangnan Guo, Man Zhang, Ying Wang, Wenqing Tian, Jidong Liang, Houzhang Tan, Xuebin Wang
Summary: The microbial degradation of n-hexadecane (n-C16) and n-heneicosane (n-C21) in soil during natural attenuation (NA) and bioaugmentation (BA) was investigated using compound-specific stable isotope analysis (CSIA), microbial community analysis, and key enzyme gene analysis. Both NA and BA treatments resulted in over 95% degradation of n-C16 and n-C21 within 3 and 6 days, respectively, with slightly faster degradation in BA. CSIA showed that n-C16 exhibited a reverse hydrogen isotope fractionation effect, while n-C21 showed a normal hydrogen isotope fractionation effect, and the degree of fractionation was higher in BA than in NA. The dominant microbial genera involved in degradation differed between BA and NA, and certain added strains during BA, such as Rhodococcus and Brevundimonas, showed high potential for alkane contamination remediation. The alkB and almA genes played key roles in the biodegradation of n-C16 and n-C21, with alkB being more promoted by n-C16 and almA being more motivated by n-C21. The different types of alkane-degrading bacteria with different enzyme reaction kinetics may explain the opposite hydrogen isotope fractionation observed during the biodegradation of n-C16 and n-C21. Overall, CSIA is a suitable technique for quantitatively evaluating the biodegradation of different alkanes during NA and BA bioremediation processes in contaminated sites.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Juntao Zhang, Peishan Sui, Wendian Yang, Evgeny A. Shirshin, Mingming Zheng, Benmei Wei, Chengzhi Xu, Haibo Wang
Summary: Polymer based protein engineering is a promising strategy to enhance protein properties and overcome their limitations. Control of site and density of attached polymers is crucial for protein-polymer bioconjugates, but remains challenging. Collagen, a major structural protein in animals, has been widely used as biomaterials through polymer based protein engineering, yet site-specific synthesis of well-defined collagen-polymer bioconjugates is not achieved.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Miaomiao Xin, Yintai Xu, Shanshan You, Cheng Li, Bojing Zhu, Jiechen Shen, Zexuan Chen, Wenhao Shi, Xia Xue, Juanzi Shi, Shisheng Sun
Summary: In this study, a precise site-specific N-glycoproteome map of human seminal plasma was established using a site-specific glycoproteomic approach and a glycan structure interpretation software. The results revealed a diverse range of glycoproteins in seminal plasma, which is crucial for studying the glycosylation structure and function in the male reproductive system.
JOURNAL OF PROTEOME RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Zhao Wang, Caroline Peacock, Kideok D. Kwon, Xueyuan Gu, Xionghan Feng, Wei Li
Summary: This study investigates the Zn isotope fractionation on birnessite caused by adsorption reactions under different reaction times, pH values, and Zn concentrations. The results show that at pH 3-5 and Zn concentrations of 0.05-0.3 mM, the isotopic fractionation (D66Znadsorbed-aqueous) is around -0.46 +/- 0.04%, and gradually increases to -0.09 +/- 0.05% at pH 6-8 and Zn concentrations of 0.2 mM. The distinct isotopic fractionation of Zn is related to the differences in Zn local structure at different reactive sites of birnessite, including external edge sites and interlayer vacancies.
GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Natali Nakic, Thanh Hoa Tran, Mislav Novokmet, Olivier Andreoletti, Gordan Lauc, Giuseppe Legname
Summary: This article discusses the controversy surrounding prion diseases and the impact of the structure of the prion protein and its glycan structures on the disease. By comparing the glycan structures of two different sheep prion strains, it was found that there were no major differences, suggesting that glycans may not be responsible for the differences in the two analyzed prion strains.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Yong Zhang, Wanjun Zhao, Yonghong Mao, Yaohui Chen, Shisheng Wang, Yi Zhong, Tao Su, Meng Gong, Dan Du, Xiaofeng Lu, Jingqiu Cheng, Hao Yang
Summary: This study characterized the N-glycosylation of the S protein of SARS-CoV-2, revealing differences in glycan type and abundance between human and insect cell-expressed proteins. These findings shed light on the infection mechanism and offer new perspectives for the development of vaccines and targeted drugs.
MOLECULAR & CELLULAR PROTEOMICS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Bojing Zhu, Zexuan Chen, Jiechen Shen, Yintai Xu, Rongxia Lan, Shisheng Sun
Summary: This study provides a detailed description of the glycosylation structures of the spike protein in COVID-19 at a site-specific level, uncovering many uncommon glycosylation structures.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
C. Cordova, R. Orrego, A. Machuca, J. A. Barrera, J. Borquez, N. B. Stolpe
Summary: This study aims to identify susceptible areas in the Patagonia region to an increase in temperature affecting soil organic carbon mineralization and carbon dioxide emissions. The results indicate that approximately 1% of the natural ecosystems in the region, with over 60% of these areas covered by peatlands, may experience temperature increases of 1.0 to 2.0 degrees Celsius in the medium to long term.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Wen Xu, Yuanhong Zhao, Zhang Wen, Yunhua Chang, Yuepeng Pan, Yele Sun, Xin Ma, Zhipeng Sha, Ziyue Li, Jiahui Kang, Lei Liu, Aohan Tang, Kai Wang, Ying Zhang, Yixin Guo, Lin Zhang, Lifang Sheng, Xiuming Zhang, Baojing Gu, Yu Song, Martin Van Damme, Lieven Clarisse, Pierre-Francois Coheur, Jeffrey L. Collett, Keith Goulding, Fusuo Zhang, Kebin He, Xuejun Liu
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Jingxia Wang, Jiahui Kang, Zhipeng Sha, Zhichen Qu, Xinsheng Niu, Wen Xu, Hongyan Zhang, Keith Goulding, Xuejun Liu
Summary: Stabilized urea technology (UI) can significantly reduce ammonia (NH3) emissions from cropland, improve nitrogen fertilizer utilization efficiency, and reduce negative impacts on the environment. The study emphasizes the importance of on-farm demonstration experiments, integrated management, and policy support for sustainable agricultural development.
AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jingxia Wang, Zhipeng Sha, Jinrui Zhang, Jiahui Kang, Wen Xu, Keith Goulding, Xuejun Liu
Summary: Excessive application of chemical nitrogen fertilizer and inefficient N management in the North China Plain cause large reactive N (Nr) losses and pollution. This study tested three improved N management practices and found that appropriate N management can reduce Nr emissions, promote N use efficiency, and have economic benefits, especially through partial substitution of chemical N by organic N and using a urease inhibitor.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Agronomy
Kaiyu Lei, Hamish Creber, Roland Bol, Albert Tietema, Saran P. Sohi
Summary: This study aims to further understand the role of biochar as a phosphorus source in forest management. The study found that P. sylvestris seedlings had more developed roots in soil close to VCZ biochar and avoided using TSP fertilizer. The root preference for different available phosphorus levels may be due to a preference for moderate, sustained phosphorus sources and avoidance of high available phosphorus sources. The avoidance effect is partly attributed to lower soil pH around TSP fertilizer.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yunzhe Li, Chen Wang, Aohan Tang, Keith Goulding, Aihua Zheng, Xuejun Liu
Summary: This study investigated water-soluble organic acids (WSOAs) in PM2.5 in urban and rural sites in the North China Plain (NCP) from 2018 to 2019. The results showed that WSOAs accounted for a small percentage of PM2.5 mass but had a significant impact. The primary sources of WSOAs were the secondary transformation of pollutants from coal combustion and vehicle exhaust emissions, and photochemical oxidation played a stronger role than aqueous oxidation. Southern Hebei and central Shandong provinces were identified as potential source areas for WSOAs in the NCP.
ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Beaula Mutonhodza, Mavis P. Dembedza, Murray R. Lark, Edward J. M. Joy, Muneta G. Manzeke-Kangara, Handrea Njovo, Tasiana K. Nyadzayo, Alexander A. Kalimbira, Elizabeth H. Bailey, Martin R. Broadley, Tonderayi M. Matsungo, Prosper Chopera
Summary: Globally, anemia is a significant health issue, particularly affecting women of reproductive age and children in low- and lower-middle-income countries. This study conducted in rural Zimbabwe found that the prevalence of anemia among women was 17.9% and among children was 29.6%. Maternal anemia and being male were significantly associated with anemia in children, while using unimproved dug wells as a drinking water source and lack of agricultural land ownership were significantly associated with anemia in women of reproductive age.
FOOD SCIENCE & NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yunzhe Li, Zhipeng Sha, Aohan Tang, Keith Goulding, Xuejun Liu
Summary: Machine learning is an advanced computer algorithm that simulates the human learning process to solve problems. A bibliometric analysis based on 2962 articles published from 1990 to 2021 revealed the wide application of machine learning in air pollution research. Institutions in China and United States contributed half of all publications, with most research conducted by individual groups. Machine learning has been applied in various aspects, including chemical characterization of pollutants, short-term forecasting, detection improvement, and optimizing emission control.
ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Zhipeng Sha, Xin Ma, Hejing Liu, Jingxia Wang, Tiantian Lv, Keith Goulding, Xuejun Liu
Summary: An integrated data analysis of 1302 observations from 236 published articles between 1980 and 2021 was conducted to investigate the NH3 loss potential and its influencing factors in soil-upland crop systems in China. The average NH3 volatilization rates (AVR) for maize, wheat, openfield vegetables, and greenhouse vegetables were estimated as 7.8%, 5.3%, 8.4%, and 1.8%, respectively. The major influencing factors identified were fertilizer placement, meteorological conditions (especially temperature and rainfall), and soil properties (especially soil organic matter). Subsurface nitrogen application showed lower AVR compared to surface application. High nitrogen recovery efficiency and N agronomic efficiency were associated with low AVR. Thus, high nitrogen application rates, inefficient application methods, and the use of loss-prone nitrogen fertilizer types contribute to high AVR in major Chinese croplands.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Jingxia Wang, Zhipeng Sha, Jinrui Zhang, Wei Qin, Wen Xu, Keith Goulding, Xuejun Liu
Summary: Nitrogen is essential for crop growth, but excessive fertilizer use leads to excessive ammonia and greenhouse gas emissions. This study found that reducing fertilizer use and using nitrogen synergists can significantly reduce emissions and improve crop yields. Nitrogen synergists also help to reduce nitrogen loss and greenhouse gas emissions.
AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Soil Science
Bernardo M. M. N. Borges, Matheus Sampaio C. Barreto, Paulo S. Pavinato, Henrique C. J. Franco, Joao Luis Nunes Carvalho, Mathias Strauss, Saran Sohi
Summary: Innovation is necessary in agriculture to improve nutrient use efficiency and mitigate the impacts of climate change. A study on the experimental phosphate fertilizer, BioFert, showed high agronomic efficiency, but its carbon sequestration potential has not been evaluated.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SOIL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Agronomy
Demeke Teklu, Dawd Gashu, Edward J. M. Joy, R. Murray Lark, Elizabeth H. Bailey, Lolita Wilson, Tilahun Amede, Martin R. Broadley
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the influence of genotypic differences on responses to zinc and iron agronomic biofortification among yields of finger millet. The findings suggest that genotype differences and environmental conditions can affect the influence of Zn and Fe agronomic biofortification on the yield of finger millet. The combined soil application of FeSO(4)7H(2)O and ZnSO(4)7H(2)O increased the yield of the Meba genotype by 51.6%, while ZnSO(4)7H(2)O fertilizer application increased the yield of the Urji genotype by 27.6%.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Jiahui Kang, Jingxia Wang, Mathew R. Heal, Keith Goulding, Wim de Vries, Yuanhong Zhao, Sijie Feng, Xiuming Zhang, Baojing Gu, Xinsheng Niu, Hongyan Zhang, Xuejun Liu, Zhenling Cui, Fusuo Zhang, Wen Xu
Summary: Reducing cropland ammonia emissions, improving air quality, and ensuring food supply is a challenge in China. However, by implementing a tailored nitrogen management strategy in demonstration squares, it is possible to achieve ammonia reduction, improved air quality, and increased profitability for smallholder farmers.
Review
Agronomy
Xuejun Liu, Zhenling Cui, Tianxiang Hao, Lixing Yuan, Ying Zhang, Baojing Gu, Wen Xu, Hao Ying, Weifeng Zhang, Tingyu LI, Xiaoyuan Yan, Keith Goulding, David Kanter, Robert Howarth, Carly Stevens, Jagdish Ladha, Qianqian LI, Lei Liu, Wim DE Vries, Fusuo Zhang
Summary: This paper proposes a new framework of food-chain-nitrogen-management (FCNM) aimed at maximizing resource use efficiency and minimizing environmental emissions through good nitrogen management and improved human diets to meet future challenges in food demand, resource sustainability, and environmental safety.
FRONTIERS OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2022)
Review
Agronomy
Tom Misselbrook, Zhaohai Bai, Zejiang Cai, Weidong Cao, Alison Carswell, Nicholas Cowan, Zhenling Cui, David R. Chadwick, Bridget Emmett, Keith Goulding, Rui Jiang, Davey L. Jones, Xiaotang Ju, Hongbin Liu, Yuelai Lu, Lin Ma, David Powlson, Robert M. Rees, Ute Skiba, Pete Smith, Roger Sylvester-Bradley, John Williams, Lianhai Wu, Minggang Xu, Wen Xu, Fusuo Zhang, Junling Zhang, Jianbin Zhou, Xuejun Liu
Summary: Two virtual joint centers for nitrogen agronomy have been established between the UK and China to promote collaborative research on improving nitrogen use efficiency in agricultural production systems and reducing reactive nitrogen losses to the environment. Key areas of focus include fertilizer use efficiency, livestock manure utilization, soil health, policy development, and knowledge exchange.
FRONTIERS OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Jiarui Zhao, Xiaohu Yuan, Zhanjun Liu, Haotian Shi, Bingnian Zhai, Yuanjun Zhu
Summary: Overfertilization is common in rainfed apple orchards on China's Loess Plateau, but its impacts on soil physicochemical properties in deep soil profiles are poorly understood. This study found that different land-use types showed divergent distribution patterns in soil properties, with low variability for SWC and pH, moderate variability for NH4+-N, AP, and AK, and high variability for SOC, NO3--N, and EC. The results also showed that fertilization influenced soil water content, NO3--N, AP, and AK, and NO3--N played a crucial role in regulating pH and EC. Soil profiles were useful for studying the evolution of soil quality.
AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Daniel Nyfeler, Olivier Huguenin-Elie, Emmanuel Frossard, Andreas Luscher
Summary: Grass-legume mixtures combine high yields, low fertiliser requirements, and low nitrate leaching better than either pure grass or pure legume swards, both during the intact plant cover and after tilling for the subsequent crop.
AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Martin Faucher, Seraphine Grellier, Clemence Chaudron, Jean-Louis Janeau, Gabrielle Rudi, Fabrice Vinatier
Summary: The Mediterranean region is expected to experience more intense rainfall events and severe droughts due to climate change, leading to an increase in runoff and erosion rates in agrosystems. Vegetation cover can help reduce erosion and the soil seed bank can provide cost-effective vegetation. This study assessed the effect of vegetation cover on seed loss in vineyards and evaluated the differences in the soil seed bank along a transect. The results suggest that vegetation may not protect interrows from runoff-induced seed loss.
AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Christian Thierfelder, Blessing Mhlanga, Isaiah Nyagumbo, Kelvin Kalala, Esau Simutowe, Mazvita Chiduwa, Chloe Maclaren, Joao Vasco Silva, Hambulo Ngoma
Summary: The performance of different maize-legume diversification strategies was compared in southern Africa. Intercropping systems showed significant nutritional and economic benefits, but had higher labor requirements compared to other cropping systems. Soil organic carbon content and pH were not affected by the tested cropping systems.
AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Han Chen, Han Li, Yizhao Wei, Edward Mcbean, Hong Liang, Weimin Wang, Jinhui Jeanne Huang
Summary: This research introduces a hybrid four-sub-deep neural network (HFSD) model for partitioning NEE into GPP and ER. The HFSD employs dual sub-deep neural networks to estimate ERa and ERb and incorporates GPP and environmental variables to predict vegetation transpiration. The results of the model show that the dual sub-DNNs architecture enhances the accuracy of ER simulations, while using EC-derived T as a constraint improves the accuracy of GPP simulations. Correlation analyses suggest that solar radiation and air temperature primarily influence the seasonal variations in GPP and ER, while soil moisture has a strong impact during dry seasons. This study advances the biophysical description of data-driven models for NEE partitioning and enhances the accuracy of GPP and ER estimates.
AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Michael Glaser, Stefan Dullinger, Dietmar Moser, Johannes Wessely, Milan Chytry, Zdenka Lososova, Irena Axmanova, Christian Berg, Jana Buerger, Serge Buholzer, Fabrizio Buldrini, Alessandro Chiarucci, Swen Follak, Filip Kuezmic, Stefan Meyer, Petr Pysek, Nina Richner, Urban Silc, Siegrid Steinkellner, Alexander Wietzke, Franz Essl
Summary: This study investigated changes in vascular plant species in Central European arable fields and their edges from 1930 to 2019. The results showed a small decline in overall species occupancy, but a more pronounced species turnover. Species with environmental preferences for nutrient-rich sites with neutral pH increased in occupancy, while species typical for arable fields decreased. No response to climate change was observed, and there was a decrease in archaeophytes and native species and an increase in neophytes.
AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Thomas Abrell, Krishna Naudin, Felix J. J. A. Bianchi, Debora Veiga Aragao, Pablo Tittonell, Marc Corbeels
Summary: This study demonstrates that reducing fallow periods in shifting cultivation systems in the Eastern Amazon region has negative effects on soil fertility and weed pressure, posing a threat to the sustainability and productivity of local farming systems.
AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Jun Wang, Lu Lv, Ronggui Hu, Haiyang Ma, Bo Liu, Wenju Zhang, Lei Wu
Summary: Nitrification and denitrification are crucial for nitrogen losses in agricultural soils and are affected by soil properties. This study investigated the patterns and controlling factors of nitrification and denitrification potentials in paddy soils in major rice-producing areas of Hubei Province, China. The results showed that soil pH and SOC were the primary factors regulating nitrification and denitrification potentials, respectively.
AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Olga Fishkis, Jessica Weller, Jorn Lehmhus, Franz Pollinger, Jorn Strassemeyer, Heinz -Josef Koch
Summary: The Farm to Fork strategy of the European Union aims to reduce pesticide use and replace chemical measures with mechanical methods in weed control. However, there is currently no comprehensive evaluation of the ecological and economic parameters of mechanical methods. This study quantified these parameters for different weed control methods in sugar beet and found that no method can be considered fully environmentally friendly.
AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Mercedes Guerrero-Brotons, Nuria Perujo, Anna M. Romani, Rosa Gomez
Summary: Proper bed substrate selection is crucial for the performance of constructed wetlands, especially when treating drainage water with high nitrogen and low carbon and phosphorus concentrations. In a field-scale pilot plant, adding a carbon-rich substrate such as soil or biochar increased phosphorus availability in beds. Beds with soil displayed higher microbial density and activity, as well as better plant growth compared to gravel. These findings highlight the importance of selecting suitable substrates for treating irrigated agricultural water.
AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Beatrice Giannetta, Cesar Plaza, Giorgio Galluzzi, Iria Benavente-Ferraces, Juan Carlos Garcia-Gil, Marco Panettieri, Gabriel Gasco, Claudio Zaccone
Summary: This study examines the long-term effects of biochar application on soil organic C protection and finds that biochar, especially when combined with other amendments, has the potential to increase the content of particulate organic C and mineral-associated organic C in soils. The presence of ferrihydrite may mediate the positive effects on mineral-associated organic matter.
AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Emily Rose Waring, Carl Pederson, Ainis Lagzdins, Chelsea Clifford, Matthew J. Helmers
Summary: Addressing the global problem of eutrophication requires better management of inorganic nitrogen in the agricultural landscape. This study compares the effects of different tillage practices and cover crops on soil and water quality. The results show that the conventional tillage system is more effective in improving water quality and maintaining crop yields compared to other tillage practices. Additionally, the study reveals that the impact of tillage practices and cover crop growth methods on water and soil quality changes over time.
AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Annalisa Stevenson, Yakun Zhang, Jingyi Huang, Jie Hu, Keith Paustian, Alfred E. Hartemink
Summary: Considerable advances have been made in the assessment and mapping of soil organic carbon stocks. However, the rates of change in carbon stocks are influenced by various factors and need to be quantified. This study found that sandy soils under cultivation and forests have different organic carbon stocks. Factors such as tillage, irrigation, and nitrogen applications contribute to the decline in soil organic carbon stocks. Afforestation of abandoned cultivated fields can increase soil organic carbon, but it is still lower than soils under forest that have never been cultivated.
AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Zhiyuan Yao, Chuanxiong Huang, Huiling Hu, Tao Wang, Yulong Li, Xiaoming Sune, Sina Adl, Bo Zhu
Summary: Enhancing soil organic carbon levels through improved fertilization strategies is important for soil health and sustainable crop production. This study found that the relative abundance of organisms from higher trophic levels and increased network complexity in the soil micro-food webs are vital contributors to effective SOC accumulation.
AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Qing Qu, Lei Deng, Zhouping Shangguan, Jian Sun, Jinsheng He, Kaibo Wang, Zhengchao Zhou, Jiwei Li, Josep Penuelas
Summary: Grazing exclusion is a widely implemented strategy for restoring degraded grassland ecosystems and increasing carbon stocks. This study analyzed data from 199 experiments to understand the temporal responses and factors influencing plant and soil carbon stocks following grazing exclusion in different grassland ecosystems. The results showed that plant biomass carbon stocks and soil organic carbon stocks decreased exponentially or rationally with years since enclosure. Grazing exclusion had positive effects on aboveground biomass carbon, but the effects on belowground biomass and soil carbon were influenced by climate, initial carbon levels, and grazing exclusion duration. The response of carbon stocks to grazing exclusion stabilized after approximately 40 years, with soil carbon sequestration showing a lagged pattern compared to plant biomass carbon. The study highlighted the effectiveness of grazing exclusion in regions with low carbon content and non-water limited conditions. However, it might not be an effective measure to increase soil organic carbon stocks in water-limited areas like desert grasslands.
AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
