Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rawan M. Bin-Khattaf, Mona A. Alonazi, Abeer M. Al-Dbass, Ahmad T. Almnaizel, Hisham S. Aloudah, Dina A. Soliman, Afaf K. El-Ansary
Summary: Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are a heterogeneous group of pathological conditions characterized by stereotyped behavior, communication impairment, social skills deficits, and cognitive impairments. E/I imbalances and reduced GABA signaling have been identified as etiological mechanisms of ASD. In this study, Bifidobacterium and lactobacilli were shown to effectively ameliorate glutamate excitotoxicity and oxidative stress in a PPA-induced rodent model of ASD.
Review
Behavioral Sciences
Tara Canonica, Ioannis Zalachoras
Summary: Motivated behavior is crucial for individual survival, depending on interactions among brain circuits. Neuropsychiatric disorders often lead to impairments in motivated behavior, which can be alleviated by treatments targeting the dopaminergic system.
FRONTIERS IN BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Isadora Lopes Cortez, Nicole R. Silva, Naielly S. Rodrigues, Joao Francisco C. Pedrazzi, Elaine A. Del Bel, Raphael Mechoulam, Felipe Gomes, Francisco S. Guimaraes
Summary: The selective CB2 receptor agonist HU-910 has shown preventive effects on acute locomotion induced by MK-801 and cognitive impairments, indicating potential antipsychotic-like effects.
PROGRESS IN NEURO-PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY & BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Catharine A. Mielnik, Kim S. Sugamori, David B. Finlay, Hayley H. A. Thorpe, Matthieu Schapira, Nirunthan Sivananthan, Chun Kit Li, Vincent M. Lam, Sean Harrington, Mostafa H. Abdelrahman, Laurent A. Trembleau, W. McIntyre Burnham, Jibran Y. Khokhar, Ali Salahpour, Amy J. Ramsey, Michelle Glass, Iain R. Greig, Ruth A. Ross
Summary: The endocannabinoid system plays a significant role in various psychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia. A CB1 receptor allosteric modulator, ABM300, has shown the ability to reduce behavioral deficits in transgenic models, particularly those with hyperdopaminergia.
NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Cecilie Bay-Richter, Gregers Wegener
Summary: In recent years, there has been significant focus on the neuroimmune mechanisms of depression. This article systematically reviews the effects of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) on depressive-like behavior in rodent models of depression. The results suggest that stress models are the best choice for examining the antidepressant effects of NSAIDs, and rat models show a more homogeneous response compared to mouse models.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Hamdi A. Jama, Rikeish R. Muralitharan, Chudan Xu, Joanne A. O'Donnell, Mariane Bertagnolli, Bradley R. S. Broughton, Geoffrey A. Head, Francine Z. Marques
Summary: Hypertension is a challenging disease to study due to its multifactorial nature. Various rodent models have been instrumental in uncovering the genetic, cellular, and molecular mechanisms underlying essential hypertension and testing new treatments. By analyzing these models systemically, researchers have gained insights into how different target organs and systems influence blood pressure in hypertensive conditions.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Daniel J. Van Rensburg, Zander Lindeque, Brian H. Harvey, Stephan F. Steyn
Summary: This article discusses the pathophysiological constructs of neuropsychiatric disorders and the role of translational models in improving our understanding of these diseases. Mitochondrial dysfunction has gained interest as a possible factor in psychiatric disorders, but current translational models do not primarily focus on dysfunctional bio-energetic systems.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lun Cai, Elizabeth Rodgers, Nick Schoenmann, Raghavan Pillai Raju
Summary: Preclinical experimental models play a key role in the development of therapeutic strategies for human diseases. However, immunomodulatory therapies developed using rodent sepsis have not been successful in human clinical trials. This review highlights the importance of understanding the characteristics of host species, methods used to induce sepsis, and molecular processes in the development of successful treatment methods for human sepsis.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Zongping Fang, Di Wu, Jiao Deng, Qianzi Yang, Xijing Zhang, Jian Chen, Shiquan Wang, Sijun Hu, Wugang Hou, Siming Ning, Yi Ding, Zhongmin Fan, Zhenhua Jiang, Junjun Kang, Yingying Liu, Jinlin Miao, Xunming Ji, Hailong Dong, Lize Xiong
Summary: The study identified a novel neuroprotective strategy Tat-CIRP that showed strong efficacy against both ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke, potentially offering an innovative approach for future stroke treatments.
SCIENCE TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Xiao-Qin Zhang, Le Xu, Yu Ling, Lin-Bo Hu, Jing Huang, Hao-Wei Shen
Summary: Neurodevelopmental abnormalities are linked to cognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia, with deficits in working memory consistently observed. Study of PFc neurons and synaptic transmission in developmental models points to reduced excitatory neurotransmission in the mPFc as a common pathophysiology contributing to working memory deficits in schizophrenia, regardless of prenatal or postnatal origins.
PHARMACOLOGY BIOCHEMISTRY AND BEHAVIOR
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Yan Wang, Miao Wang, Chrishan S. Samuel, Robert E. Widdop
Summary: Cardiac fibrosis, characterized by increased ECM deposition, is a hallmark of most cardiovascular diseases and inhibition of fibrosis could improve outcomes in heart failure patients. However, pharmacological treatment targeting ECM buildup remains limited. Animal models are important for understanding fibrosis pathogenesis and identifying new therapeutic targets.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kapil Sharma, Kumlesh K. Dev
Summary: The role of altered myelin in the onset and development of schizophrenia and changes in myelin due to antipsychotics remains unclear. However, this study suggests that antipsychotics directly regulate glial cell dysfunction and exert a protective effect on myelin loss. These findings may have implications for the potential use of antipsychotics in Krabbe disease.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hahn Young Kim, Dong Bin Back, Bo-Ryoung Choi, Dong-Hee Choi, Kyoung Ja Kwon
Summary: Post-stroke cognitive impairment is a common and complex issue that can have negative effects on patients. Diverse rodent models simulating the specific pathomechanisms of PSD have been studied and classified, highlighting their importance in future research.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Aqsa Ashfaq, Myriam Meineck, Andrea Pautz, Ebru Arioglu-Inan, Julia Weinmann-Menke, Martin C. Michel
Summary: A systematic review of studies on SGLT2 inhibitors in rodent models of diabetes showed that these inhibitors not only improved glycemic control but also had various beneficial effects on renal function. These nephroprotective effects were observed in different animal models of type 1 and type 2 diabetes/obesity. SGLT2 inhibitors had positive effects on lipid metabolism, blood pressure, glomerulosclerosis, renal tubular fibrosis, apoptosis, oxidative stress, and inflammation, which are important pathomechanisms for atherosclerosis and renal health. However, more data on female animals and direct comparative studies with other anti-diabetic compounds are needed.
PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Heath W. Shelton, S. Prasad Gabbita, W. Drew Gill, Katherine C. Burgess, Wyatt S. Whicker, Russell W. Brown
Summary: The study evaluated a new immune modulator PD2024 targeting TNF-α to alleviate sensorimotor gating deficits and microglial activation in two different rodent models of schizophrenia. The results suggest that targeting brain TNF-α may be a viable pharmacological approach to treat neuroinflammation associated with schizophrenia.
BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2021)
