Review
Neurosciences
Michele Fabrazzo, Mariangela Boccardi, Salvatore Cipolla, Raffaele Galiero, Claudia Tucci, Francesco Perris, Ester Livia Di Caprio, Francesco Catapano, Ferdinando Carlo Sasso
Summary: Neuropsychiatric disorders have been linked to bullous pemphigoid (BP), with antipsychotics identified as potential inducing factors. However, the exact biological mechanisms and timeline between neuropsychiatric disorders and BP remain undefined. Clinicians should consider BP as a possible adverse effect of psychotropic medications when treating psychiatric patients.
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Su-Chen Fang, Cheng-Yi Huang, Yu-Hsuan Joni Shao
Summary: This study found that the early use of long-acting injectable antipsychotics in schizophrenia can reduce the risk of mortality and relapse, as well as improve long-term treatment adherence.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Yifei Liu, Mark E. Patterson, Suman Sahil, Steven C. Stoner
Summary: This study investigated the prescribing patterns of long-acting injectable antipsychotics and their oral/short-acting injectable equivalents for inpatients. The results showed that these medications were underutilized from 2010 to 2016, and there were significant changes in the prescribing patterns of paliperidone palmitate and risperidone among second-generation antipsychotic LAIs.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Ching-Hua Lin, Hung-Yu Chan, Chun-Chi Hsu, Feng-Chua Chen
Summary: The study showed that discharged patients with bipolar mania had a significantly lower rehospitalization risk when using long-acting injectable antipsychotics (LAIs) compared to oral antipsychotics. The prescription rate of LAIs increased significantly during the study period, especially for second-generation antipsychotics (SGA-LAIs).
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Francesco Bartoli, Bianca Bachi, Angela Calabrese, Riccardo Matteo Cioni, Pierluca Guzzi, Christian Nasti, Dario Palpella, Filippo Fabio Barbieri, Serena Limonta, Cristina Crocamo, Giuseppe Carra
Summary: This mirror-image study explored the effect of initiating long-acting injectable antipsychotics (LAIs) on the number of emergency department visits and days of hospitalization in individuals with bipolar disorder (BD). The results showed that initiating LAIs overall reduced both emergency department visits and hospitalization days in BD patients. However, this effect was only observed in participants who continued using LAIs for the entire 12-month observation period and were treated with a second-generation antipsychotic LAI. The reduction in hospitalization days was more significant during manic episodes and for compulsory admissions.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Claudio Brasso, Silvio Bellino, Paola Bozzatello, Cristiana Montemagni, Marco Giuseppe Alberto Nobili, Rodolfo Sgro, Paola Rocca
Summary: Studies have shown that long-acting injectable second-generation antipsychotics (SGA-LAIs) can improve subjective quality of life, well-being, and satisfaction in schizophrenia patients. SGA-LAIs have been reported to be superior to oral equivalents and haloperidol-LAI. However, the evidence is limited due to a lack of studies and methodological issues.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Andrea Aguglia, Laura Fusar-Poli, Antimo Natale, Andrea Amerio, Irene Espa, Veronica Villa, Giovanni Martinotti, Giuseppe Carra, Francesco Bartoli, Armando D'Agostino, Gianluca Serafini, Mario Amore, Eugenio Aguglia, Giovanni Ostuzzi, Corrado Barbui
Summary: This study examined factors associated with medication adherence to long-acting injectable antipsychotics (LAI) in individuals with severe psychiatric disorders. The results showed that younger age, living with others, lower psychiatric symptom scores, fewer adverse events, and positive attitude towards medication were associated with higher medication adherence. The study highlights the importance of attitude towards medication and suspicious/hostile traits in predicting adherence to LAI.
PHARMACOPSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Cheng-Yi Huang, Su-Chen Fang, Yu-Hsuan Joni Shao
Summary: The study found that the use of long-acting injectable antipsychotics in patients with newly diagnosed schizophrenia is associated with decreased overall mortality and suicide risk. Early treatment with LAIs within the first 2 years of oral antipsychotic initiation was also linked to reduced suicide mortality risk. This suggests that the use of LAIs early in treatment should be actively considered for patients with newly diagnosed schizophrenia.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Francisco Jose Toja-Camba, Nerea Gesto-Antelo, Olalla Maronas, Eduardo Echarri Arrieta, Irene Zarra-Ferro, Miguel Gonzalez-Barcia, Enrique Bandin-Vilar, Victor Mangas Sanjuan, Fernando Facal, Manuel Arrojo Romero, Angel Carracedo, Cristina Mondelo-Garcia, Anxo Fernandez-Ferreiro
Summary: Pharmacogenetics and pharmacokinetics have been increasingly utilized in psychiatric clinical practice to address the variability in response and side effects of antipsychotic drugs. Through the use of therapeutic drug monitoring and pharmacogenetic tests, along with personalized pharmacokinetic models, the safety and efficacy of antipsychotic pharmacotherapy can be improved.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Joerg Mahlich, Kerstin Olbrich, Adrian Wilk, Antonie Wimmer, Claus Wolff-Menzler
Summary: Real-world evidence from Germany shows that long-acting injectable antipsychotics are associated with improved medication adherence and reduced risk of treatment discontinuation compared to oral antipsychotics in patients with schizophrenia.
CLINICAL DRUG INVESTIGATION
(2021)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Leslie Citrome
Summary: Guidelines recommend that patients with schizophrenia should opt for long-acting injectable (LAI) antipsychotic medications to eliminate guesswork about adherence status and potentially improve patient preference, especially for individuals early in their disease course. Approved indications in the US include bipolar disorder maintenance treatment and schizoaffective disorder treatment for specific LAI antipsychotic products. Various differences and similarities among the available products are discussed along with guidance on optimal treatment selection, as well as tips for effective patient communication to enhance acceptance of this treatment modality.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Xieguo Yan, Shiqiang Wang, Kaoxiang Sun
Summary: This study developed a long-acting risperidone implant system for schizophrenia treatment, which achieved stable drug release and blood concentration through evaluation indicators and mathematical modeling optimization. The optimized formulation exhibited good biocompatibility and stability in in vitro and in vivo assessments, providing a new avenue for treating schizophrenia.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Lana Ganoci, Vladimir Trkulja, Maja Zivkovic, Tamara Bozina, Marina Sagud, Mila Lovric, Nada Bozina
Summary: The study investigated the relationship between ABC gene polymorphisms and CYP genotypes in the context of long-acting risperidone treatment. It found that the impact of CYP2D6 genotype on risperidone exposure was dependent on the ABCG2 421C > A polymorphism, while ABC gene polymorphisms affected clinical response independently of systemic risperidone disposition.
PROGRESS IN NEURO-PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY & BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Yue Wei, Vincent K. C. Yan, Wei Kang, Ian C. K. Wong, David J. Castle, Le Gao, Celine S. L. Chui, Kenneth K. C. Man, Joseph F. Hayes, Wing Chung Chang, Esther W. Chan
Summary: This study conducted a self-controlled case series study on patients with schizophrenia in Hong Kong and found that long-acting injectable antipsychotics were associated with lower risk of disease relapse and hospitalization compared to oral antipsychotics, without an increased risk of adverse events.
Article
Psychiatry
Armando D'Agostino, Andrea Aguglia, Corrado Barbui, Francesco Bartoli, Giuseppe Carra, Simone Cavallotti, Margherita Chirico, Edoardo G. Ostinelli, Caroline Zangani, Giovanni Martinotti, Giovanni Ostuzzi
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the off-label use of Long-Acting Injectable (LAI) antipsychotics in real-world clinical practice. The results showed that SGA LAIs were more commonly prescribed, and approximately 1 in 4 patients received an off-label prescription. The choice of FGA or SGA LAIs was significantly associated with symptoms related to thought disorder and hostility/suspiciousness.
Review
Clinical Neurology
Muhammad Youshay Jawad, Shakila Meshkat, Aniqa Tabassum, Andrea Mckenzie, Joshua D. Di Vincenzo, Ziji Guo, Nabiha Batool Musavi, Lee Phan, Felicia Ceban, Angela T. H. Kwan, Ranuk Ramachandra, Gia Han Le, Rodrigo B. Mansur, Joshua D. Rosenblat, Roger Ho, Taeho Greg Rhee, Roger S. McIntyre
Summary: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with psychiatric disorders, in particular mood disorders, due to various reasons such as dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, metabolic syndrome, and chronic perceived stress. The clinical manifestations and treatment strategies of mood disorders can increase the susceptibility of patients to develop NAFLD. Regular screenings for NAFLD are recommended in patients with mood disorders exhibiting signs of increased risk to ensure better diagnosis and holistic care for both conditions.
Article
Neurosciences
Muhammad Youshay Jawad, Joshua D. Di Vincenzo, Sebastian Badulescu, Kayla M. Teopiz, Aniqa Tabassum, Felicia Ceban, Andrea Mckenzie, Shakila Meshkat, Joshua D. Rosenblat, Roger C. Ho, Roger S. McIntyre
Summary: Ketamine has emerged as a novel and effective antidepressant, with the potential to improve various domains of depressive symptomatology. While its effectiveness in reducing depression severity is well-studied, more research is needed to explore its effects on cognition, anhedonia, suicidality, and psychosocial functionality. Findings suggest that ketamine is most effective in reducing suicidality but further studies are required to assess its effectiveness in other domains.
Article
Neurosciences
Elysha Ringin, David W. Dunstan, Roger S. McIntyre, Michael Berk, Neville Owen, Susan L. Rossell, Tamsyn E. Van Rheenen
Summary: Type 2 diabetes is more prevalent in bipolar disorder and is linked to cognitive deficits. This study explored the interaction between type 2 diabetes, bipolar disorder, and cognition, as well as the effect of age on cognitive performance in bipolar disorder with type 2 diabetes. The results showed that type 2 diabetes was associated with a negative impact on visuospatial memory in bipolar disorder. Processing speed and prospective memory were also negatively affected by type 2 diabetes, regardless of bipolar disorder diagnosis. Cognitive deficits were evident in bipolar disorder patients with type 2 diabetes compared to those without, and their cognitive performance remained stable or improved as they aged. In contrast, bipolar disorder patients without type 2 diabetes showed worse cognitive performance as they aged, but the age-related trajectory was similar to the psychiatrically healthy comparison group. The study suggests that comorbid type 2 diabetes may contribute to cognitive dysfunction in bipolar disorder, and bipolar disorder patients with type 2 diabetes may experience premature deterioration of cognitive functioning.
NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Elena Koning, Alexandra McDonald, Alexander Bambokian, Fabiano A. Gomes, Jacob Vorstman, Michael Berk, Jennifer Fabe, Roger S. McIntyre, Roumen Milev, Rodrigo B. Mansur, Elisa Brietzke
Summary: Bipolar disorder (BD) is a chronic mental disorder characterized by depressive and manic episodes, circadian rhythm disruption, and changes in energetic metabolism. Metabolic jet lag is considered a core component of BD pathophysiology, associated with irregular eating rhythms and circadian desynchronization of energetic metabolism.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Michael Cronquist Christensen, Michael Adair, Henrik Loft, Roger S. McIntyre
Summary: This study aimed to establish the clinically relevant response threshold for the Motivation and Energy Inventory (MEI), a scale used to assess the impact of mental, social, and physical energy on daily functioning in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). The results showed that the minimal clinically important difference (MCID) for the MEI total score is 15 points.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Taeho Greg Rhee, Emily S. Gillissie, Andrew A. Nierenberg, Roger S. McIntyre
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the associations between current and remitted bipolar disorder and health-related quality of life. The results showed that both current BD and BD in remission were associated with lower mental HRQOL, but these associations were no longer significant when accounting for behavioral co-morbidities. Therefore, it is important to treat both the disorder and the co-morbidities to improve HRQOL in these patients.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Shakila Meshkat, Roger C. Ho, Bing Cao, Kayla M. Teopiz, Joshua D. Rosenblat, Taeho Greg Rhee, Joshua D. Di Vincenzo, Felicia Ceban, Muhammad Youshay Jawad, Roger S. McIntyre
Summary: Ketamine, a NMDA receptor antagonist, has rapid acting antidepressant effect with high efficacy. However, not all patients respond to ketamine and some may even experience symptom deterioration. The discovery of repeatable and mechanistically relevant biomarkers is needed for treatment response prediction.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Emily S. Gillissie, Gia Han Le, Taeho Greg Rhee, Bing Cao, Joshua D. Rosenblat, Rodrigo B. Mansur, Roger C. Ho, Roger S. McIntyre
Summary: This meta-analysis examined the relationship between anhedonia and suicidality, and found a significant and moderate correlation between the two, especially in psychiatric populations. The results suggest that anhedonia may be a core risk factor for suicidal ideation and behaviors.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Houman Rashidian, Mehala Subramaniapillai, Caroline Park, Orly Lipsitz, Hannah Zuckerman, Bing Cao, Yena Lee, Hartej Gill, Roger Nelson Rodrigues, Joshua D. Di Vincenzo, Michelle Iacobucci, Saja Jaberi, Joshua D. Rosenblat, Roger S. McIntyre, Rodrigo B. Mansur
Summary: This study assessed changes in insulin resistance (IR) after antidepressant treatment and found that exacerbation of IR mediated non-response to treatment. In contrast, responders showed a reduction in IR. These findings further elucidate the role of IR in antidepressant response.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Trisha Suppes, Suresh Durgam, Susan G. Kozauer, Richard Chen, Hassan D. Lakkis, Robert E. Davis, Andrew Satlin, Kimberly E. Vanover, Sharon Mates, Roger S. McIntyre, Mauricio Tohen
Summary: This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of Lumateperone as adjunctive therapy to lithium or valproate for patients with bipolar depression. The results showed that adjunctive Lumateperone 42mg significantly improved depression symptoms in patients with bipolar I or bipolar II disorder. The treatment was well tolerated with minimal side effects.
Article
Psychiatry
Wenyan Li, Wenjian Lai, Lan Guo, Wanxin Wang, Xiuwen Li, Liwan Zhu, Jingman Shi, Kayla M. Teopiz, Roger S. McIntyre, Ciyong Lu
Summary: This study found that childhood maltreatment is a major risk factor for adolescent depression. It also revealed that self-esteem and internalizing problems mediate the relationship between childhood maltreatment and depressive symptoms, while externalizing problems play an independent mediating role. Furthermore, sex differences need to be considered in prevention and intervention strategies.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Roger S. McIntyre, Lisa Bloudek, Jack Y. Timmons, Patrick Gillard, Amanda Harrington
Summary: This study assessed the cost-effectiveness of the Rapid Mood Screener (RMS) in identifying bipolar I disorder in patients with major depressive disorder. The results demonstrated that screening with the RMS can lead to cost savings and reduce misdiagnosis in patients with depressive symptoms.
CURRENT MEDICAL RESEARCH AND OPINION
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Roger S. McIntyre, Suresh Durgam, Susan G. Kozauer, Richard Chen, Jason Huo, Robert E. Davis, Andrew J. Cutler
Summary: A recent Phase 3 study showed that lumateperone 42 mg monotherapy effectively improved symptoms of depression in patients with bipolar depression. The study analyzed the change in MADRS scores and found significant improvements in individuals with bipolar I and bipolar II disorder.
EUROPEAN NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Giacomo d'Andrea, Mauro Pettorruso, Giorgio Di Lorenzo, Gianluca Mancusi, Roger S. McIntyre, Giovanni Martinotti
Summary: Ketamine and esketamine have generated significant interest as potential therapeutic agents for Treatment-Resistant Depression (TRD). This article provides a comprehensive overview of their action and highlights their effectiveness on mixed features, anxiety, dysphoric mood, and bipolar traits. The complex pharmacodynamic mechanisms of action are discussed, and further research is needed to evaluate the efficacy of esketamine nasal spray in bipolar depression and the potential role of these substances as mood stabilizers.
EUROPEAN NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Kevork Danayan, Noah Chisamore, Nelson B. Rodrigues, Joshua D. Di Vincenzo, Shakila Meshkat, Zoe Doyle, Rodrigo Mansur, Lee Phan, Farhan Fancy, Edmond Chau, Aniqa Tabassum, Kevin Kratiuk, Anil Arekapudi, Kayla M. Teopiz, Roger S. McIntyre, Joshua D. Rosenblat
Summary: Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is often comorbid with mood disorders, particularly treatment-resistant depression (TRD), and this comorbidity is associated with poor response to antidepressants. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of intravenous ketamine in a TRD population with comorbid BPD. The results showed that patients with TRD and comorbid BPD receiving ketamine experienced significant improvement in symptoms of depression, borderline personality, suicidality, and anxiety, with no significant difference between the BPD-positive and BPD-negative groups.
PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH
(2023)
