Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Xiaodan Zhang, Dewen Yan, Tao Du, Yunjuan Zhao, Jiangong Zhang, Tong Zhang, Mingrun Lin, Yanli Li, Wangen Li
Summary: This study compared the effectiveness and safety of weight-based basal-bolus insulin at 1:1.5 and 1:1 ratios in hospitalized patients with T2D. Results showed that the 1:1.5 ratio group reached postprandial blood glucose targets faster than the 1:1 group, but there were no significant differences in insulin dosages or hypoglycemia incidence between the two groups.
DIABETOLOGY & METABOLIC SYNDROME
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Ravisha Bai, Kavita Batra, Charmaine Yap, Kenneth Izuora
Summary: This study aimed to compare diabetes-related outcomes between basal-bolus and premixed insulin regimens. The results showed no significant differences in glycemic control, hypoglycemia rate, or BMI between the two groups after one year of treatment. This suggests that premixed insulin is equally effective and safe as basal-bolus insulin.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF THE MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Roy Harper, Eran Bashan, Kevin J. Williams, Sajitha Sritharan, Mark Willis, Deanna J. Marriott, Israel Hodish
Summary: Through retrospective analysis, it was found that the commonly used 50-50 ratio between basal and total daily bolus insulin does not generally apply to stable patients with type 2 diabetes. Therefore, this ratio should not be used as an ongoing treatment guide.
DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Andrea C. Tricco, Huda M. Ashoor, Jesmin Antony, Zachary Bouck, Myanca Rodrigues, Ba' Pham, Paul A. Khan, Vera Nincic, Nazia Darvesh, Fatemeh Yazdi, Marco Ghassemi, John D. Ivory, Areti Angeliki Veroniki, Catherine H. Yu, Lorenzo Moja, Sharon E. Straus
Summary: This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of different types of insulin products and biosimilar insulin in patients with T1DM. Results showed that ultra-long-acting and long-acting insulin were more effective than intermediate-acting insulin, and there were differences in fasting blood glucose and weight change among different types of insulin.
JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Annieke C. G. van Baar, Suzanne Meiring, Paul Smeele, Tessa Vriend, Frits Holleman, Marjon Barlag, Nahid Mostafavi, Jan G. P. Tijssen, Maarten R. Soeters, Max Nieuwdorp, Jacques J. G. H. M. Bergman
Summary: The combination of DMR and GLP-1RA, supported by lifestyle counseling, showed promising results in eliminating the need for insulin therapy in most T2D patients through 18 months postprocedure, while significantly improving glucose regulation and metabolic health for all patients. A randomized controlled trial is currently being initiated based on these findings.
GASTROINTESTINAL ENDOSCOPY
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Anas El Fathi, Chiara Fabris, Marc D. Breton
Summary: The novel titration algorithm for long-acting insulin leveraging continuous glucose monitoring and smart insulin pens showed improved performance in terms of reducing hypoglycemia episodes, especially during the night period, for patients with type 1 diabetes.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Geremia B. Bolli, Francesca Porcellati, Paola Lucidi, Carmine G. Fanelli, David R. Owens
Summary: Insulin development in the human body has gone through extraction from animal pancreas, purification, and the emergence of regular human insulin synthesized using rDNA technology in the '80s, leading to the development of designer insulins. The introduction of rapid-acting insulin analogs has significantly improved treatment convenience for patients and reduced the risk of late hypoglycemia.
METABOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Han Na Jung, Yun Kyung Cho, Se Hee Min, Hwi Seung Kim, Ye-Jee Kim, Joong-Yeol Park, Woo Je Lee, Chang Hee Jung
Summary: This study evaluates the efficacy and safety of the free up-titration of basal insulin and fixed-ratio combination of basal insulin and GLP-1RAs in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. The results show that both approaches effectively lower HbA1c levels, but come with an increased risk of hypoglycemia.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Daniel A. Hochfellner, Raphael Rainer, Haris Ziko, Felix Aberer, Amra Simic, Katharina M. Lichtenegger, Peter Beck, Klaus Donsa, Thomas R. Pieber, Friedrich M. Fruhwald, Alexander R. Rosenkranz, Lars-Peter Kamolz, Petra M. Baumann, Julia K. Mader, Johannes Plank
Summary: The study evaluated the efficacy and safety of basal-bolus insulin therapy in managing blood glucose during fasting periods in hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes. The results showed that blood glucose control during fasting periods was influenced by a reduction in bolus insulin doses.
DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Ana Chico, Rosa Corcoy
Summary: This article summarizes the effects of intensive insulin therapy (IIT) on patients with diabetes. The results show that IIT has advantages in reducing glycated hemoglobin, but it also increases the risk of hypoglycemia and weight gain.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF THERAPEUTICS
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Ildiko Lingvay, Andrei-Mircea Catarig, Jack Lawson, Barrie Chubb, Anders Gorst-Rasmussen, Lyndon Marc Evans
Summary: This study compared the effects of semaglutide once-weekly and short-acting meal-time insulin in patients with uncontrolled T2D, and found that intensification with semaglutide provided better glycemic control, weight loss, and reduced hypoglycemia compared to a basal-bolus regimen, while reducing the burden of frequent injections.
Article
Medical Laboratory Technology
Karen-Margrethe Pedersen, Anna Katrina Jogvansdottir Gradel, Trine Pagh Ludvigsen, Berit Ostergaard Christoffersen, Caroline Amalie Fuglsang-Damgaard, Kristian Moss Bendtsen, Suzi Hogh Madsen, Valentina Manfe, Hanne Hoffmann Frolund Refsgaard
Summary: This study examines the use of the pig model for predicting human pharmacokinetics (PK) through single-species allometric scaling. Results show that the prediction error for human PK was within two-fold for most PK parameters in both pig breeds. Pig breed, injection site, and injection depth were found to significantly influence the PK of therapeutic proteins.
TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Mehrad Jaloli, Marzia Cescon
Summary: This study presents an advanced multi-agent reinforcement learning (RL) strategy for personalized glucose regulation, which is shown to improve glucose regulation and reduce the risk of severe hyperglycemia compared to traditional therapy.
CONTROL ENGINEERING PRACTICE
(2024)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
S. D. Wulfe, K. M. Janzen, J. Addison, D. Kelley
Summary: This study compares the incidence of hypoglycemia in patients who underwent a 1:1 unit interchange from home iGlar300 or iGlar100 to iDet100 while admitted. The results show that a 1:1 unit interchange from iGlar300 to iDet100 leads to a higher incidence of hypoglycemic events compared to the interchange from iGlar100. Dose reduction should be considered when transitioning from home iGlar300 to iDet100 in the inpatient setting.
ANNALS OF PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Lise Lotte Nystrup Husemoen, Lina S. Morch, Per K. Christensen, Niels V. Hartvig, Michael D. Feher
Summary: In this real-world study, the choice of basal insulin in insulin-naive people with T2D was associated with all-cause mortality, with a lower mortality risk observed with detemir compared to glargine after adjusting for potential confounders. This association was more pronounced in individuals with obesity.