Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Chunyong Jung, Gary M. M. Lackmann
Summary: This study extends previous work by demonstrating that future landfalling extratropical transition (ET) events will have greater intensity and heavier precipitation. Using a quasi-idealized modeling framework, highly similar simulations of present-day and future events were compared, and the model initial conditions were based on observational composites to increase representativeness. The future composite ET event showed significantly more impactful weather conditions in coastal areas, with heavier precipitation and greater storm intensity. These findings suggest an increased risk of coastal hazards, including stronger tropical cyclone winds, heavier rainfall, and more severe coastal flooding and storm surge.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Erica Bower, Kevin A. Reed, Paul A. Ullrich, Colin M. Zarzycki, Angeline G. Pendergrass
Summary: Tropical cyclones and their associated precipitation have devastating impacts, and this study provides a new method to define and analyze the precipitation related to tropical cyclones. The results show that there is a maximum range of precipitation in the northwest Pacific, and 3.13% of global precipitation is related to post-tropical cyclones.
JOURNAL OF HYDROMETEOROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Albenis Perez-Alarcon, Patricia Coll-Hidalgo, Jose C. Fernandez-Alvarez, Ricardo M. Trigo, Raquel Nieto, Luis Gimeno
Summary: In this study, the changes in moisture sources for precipitation associated with tropical cyclones (TCs) after extratropical transition (ET) over the North Atlantic Ocean basin from 1980 to 2018 were investigated. The 24 hours before and after ET events were analyzed. Applying a TC-centric methodology, it was found that moisture uptake (MU) predominantly occurred in the south and southwest sectors within approximately 2,000 km of the TC center before ET, and from the southwest and west sectors after ET. Additionally, the development of the cold front and the warm conveyor belt after ET induced changes in the moisture transport pattern.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Leehi Magaritz-Ronen, Shira Raveh-Rubin
Summary: The study investigated the mechanism of smoke entering the stratosphere following the 2020 wildfires in Australia. It was found that the smoke entered the stratosphere through the merging of a tropical cyclone with an extratropical cyclone, circulating within a troposphere-wide cyclonic system. This highlights the importance of this mechanism for troposphere-to-stratosphere exchange.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Dongze Xu, Dianbin Cao, Yanluan Lin
Summary: The main source of precipitation at midlatitudes is extratropical cyclone (EC), but the change in its precipitation characteristics with warming remains uncertain. Using 17 CMIP6 models, this study tracks and records ECs in the Southern Hemisphere in DJF, and finds that the decrease in EC total precipitation is strongly related to decreased EC number, with the life duration contributing about 1/6 of the EC number change. The increase in EC precipitation intensity offsets the decrease due to EC number.
Article
Oceanography
Yu-Chia Chang, Guan-Yu Chen, Peter C. Chu, Luca R. Centurioni, Chin-Chu Liu
Summary: Data from various sources were analyzed to study the characteristics of tropical cyclones (TCs) and extratropical cyclones (ECs) in the northern Pacific. It was found that ECs have stable wind directions, wider fetch, and smaller significant wave height compared to TCs. The current speed in low latitudes is higher for modest and weak wind speeds due to the insufficient thickness of the oceanic mixed-layer, while for strong wind speeds, the deepening of the mixed-layer in low latitudes leads to lower current speed.
JOURNAL OF OCEANOGRAPHY
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Ishan Datt, Suzana J. Camargo, Adam H. Sobel, Ron Mctaggart-Cowan, Zhuo Wang
Summary: This study investigates the relationship between the development pathways of tropical cyclones and their likelihood of undergoing extratropical transition. The results show that in the North Atlantic and Western North Pacific, cyclones that develop through strong tropical transition and trough-induced pathways are more likely to undergo extratropical transition. Analysis of latitude, longitude, and environmental factors suggests a lasting effect of these pathways on the probability of extratropical transition throughout the storm life cycle.
JOURNAL OF THE METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Chunyong Jung, Gary M. Lackmann
Summary: This study investigates the response of North Atlantic tropical cyclones undergoing extratropical transition to climate change using quasi-idealized simulations. Results show that future TCs undergoing ET could potentially cause higher-impact weather in western Europe.
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2021)
Editorial Material
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Rein Haarsma
Summary: The study points out that post-tropical cyclones pose a significant windstorm risk for Northern Europe, with their intensity expected to increase in the future due to climate change. Further research is needed to investigate this potential risk.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Christina M. Patricola, Michael F. Wehner, Emily Bercos-Hickey, Flor Vanessa Maciel, Christine May, Michael Mak, Olivia Yip, Anna M. Roche, Susan Leal
Summary: Extreme precipitation poses a major challenge for local governments, and reliable future precipitation projections are needed. This study found that changes in storm-total precipitation depend strongly on storm type, and the most common type of storm event could lead to a 26-37% increase in storm-total precipitation in the future.
WEATHER AND CLIMATE EXTREMES
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Justin T. Maxwell, Joshua C. Bregy, Scott M. Robeson, Paul A. Knapp, Peter T. Soule, Valerie Trouet
Summary: The study found that tropical cyclone precipitation extremes have increased in North America's coastal regions over the past few centuries, especially in the last 60 years, indicating a consistent trend with slower movement speeds of tropical cyclones under anthropogenic climate change.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Giorgio Sarro, Clark Evans
Summary: The extratropical transition stage is the process of a tropical cyclone transforming into an extratropical cyclone. This study updates previous findings by using larger sample sizes, improved atmospheric reanalysis resolution, and advancements in scientific understanding. The study found that the duration of the transformation stage depends primarily on the time the cyclone remains in an environment supportive of tropical development. The post-transformation intensity change is primarily determined by the phasing between the cyclone and the upstream trough, while the post-transformation thermal structure is primarily influenced by the synoptic-scale environment. Additionally, the study presents composite analyses of North Atlantic tropical cyclones that maintain a warm-core structure post-transformation.
MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Muhammad Naufal Razin, Christopher J. Slocum, John A. Knaff, Paula J. Brown, Michael M. Bell
Summary: To study tropical cyclones and improve forecast accuracy, researchers consolidate a variety of satellite observations into a dataset called TC PRIMED. This dataset contains microwave brightness temperatures, rainfall data, infrared brightness temperatures, cyclone position and intensity information, environmental diagnostics, and precipitation radar observations. TC PRIMED provides an analysis-ready dataset for studying tropical cyclone convective and precipitation structure, intensity, and environment. The authors demonstrate the potential utility of TC PRIMED through a composite analysis of satellite variables relative to cyclone intensity.
BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Dol Raj Chalise, Anantha Aiyyer, A. Sankarasubramanian
Summary: The study quantified the contribution of tropical cyclones to seasonal streamflow and precipitation in the US Southeast and Southcentral regions, finding that TCs account for 12% of streamflow and 6% of precipitation during the hurricane season. Florida, North Carolina, and Louisiana have the highest occurrences of TC-generated precipitation and streamflow. Additionally, TCs are associated with 5%-8% of peak-over threshold precipitation events in coastal areas.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Aoqi Zhang, Yilun Chen, Xiao Pan, Yuanyuan Hu, Shumin Chen, Weibiao Li
Summary: This study reveals, for the first time, the precipitation microphysics of landfalling tropical cyclones (TCs) in Northeast China using the Global Precipitation Measurement orbital dataset. The results show that the 2020 TC precipitation in Northeast China has stronger precipitation ice productivity, weaker deposition efficiency, stronger riming, and stronger coalescence processes compared to previous years' September period.