Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tetsuya Miyamoto, Masumi Katane, Yasuaki Saitoh, Masae Sekine, Kumiko Sakai-Kato, Hiroshi Homma
Summary: This study characterized the enzymatic and structural properties of TM0356 in the hyperthermophile Thermotoga maritima, revealing a high catalytic efficiency towards L-threonine and the involvement in the biosynthesis of L-isoleucine. It also showed insensitivity of dehydratase activity to allosteric regulators L-valine and L-isoleucine at low concentrations, highlighting the complex regulatory mechanisms involved in amino acid metabolism in bacteria.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Mei-Lan Wen, Pei Wu, Wei-Dan Jiang, Yang Liu, Cai-Mei Wu, Cheng-Bo Zhong, Shu-Wei Li, Ling Tang, Lin Feng, Xiao-Qiu Zhou
Summary: A 9-week feeding experiment was conducted to investigate the improvement effect of threonine (Thr) on the fillet quality of grass carp. The results showed that Thr increased the pH value, changed the amino acids and fatty acid composition of fillets, especially essential amino acid (EAA), C22:6n3 (DHA) and C20:5n3 (EPA). Furthermore, this study revealed for the first time that the improvement of muscle hardness by Thr was associated with collagen biosynthesis, and specific proteins regulated different processes in collagen biosynthesis.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Sylwia Szwiega, Paul B. Pencharz, Ronald O. Ball, Libai Xu, Dehan Kong, Rajavel Elango, Glenda Courtney-Martin
Summary: This study investigated the effect of adaptation time (1 day, 3 days, or 7 days) on threonine requirement in adult men using the IAAO method. The results showed that there was no significant difference in threonine requirement estimation among different adaptation periods (1 day, 3 days, or 7 days) in healthy adult males.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Heng Dai, Choongsze Lee, Wen Liu, Taimin Yang, Jakob Claret, Xiaodong Zou, Paul J. Dauenhauer, Xiujie Li, Jeffrey D. Rimer
Summary: Designing zeolite catalysts with improved mass transport properties is essential for networks with one- or two-dimensional pore topologies. Introducing fins can significantly enhance catalyst lifetime and selectivity, with confirmation of identical crystallographic registry between fins and seeds. Time-resolved titration of acid sites verifies the improved mass transport properties of ferrierite with fins compared to conventional analogues.
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Organic
Ryoga Hikawa, Mio Shimogaki, Taichi Kano
Summary: Novel threonine-derived amino sulfonamide organocatalysts were developed and successfully applied to asymmetric aldol reactions. The reactions produced anti-aldol adducts with high diastereo- and enantioselectivity when catalyzed by threonine-derived tosylamide, and syn-aldol adducts were obtained when using threonine-derived triflamide catalyst in reactions between alpha-siloxyacetone and aromatic aldehydes. In both cases, a significant improvement in diastereoselectivity was observed compared to threonine-derived carboxylic acid catalyst.
ASIAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Sung-Hyun Park, Hogyun Seo, Jihye Seok, Haseong Kim, Kil Koang Kwon, Soo-Jin Yeom, Seung-Goo Lee, Kyung-Jin Kim
Summary: The study introduces a D-Threonine aldolase (DTA) from Filomicrobium marinum (FmDTA) with higher activity and C beta-stereoselectivity than other known DTAs. Through rational protein engineering based on the reaction mechanism, a variant enzyme with nearly perfect D-threonine production is developed. This demonstrates how understanding the reaction mechanism can lead to effective protein engineering for improved specificity and activity.
Review
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
M. T. Kidd, C. W. Maynard, G. J. Mullenix
Summary: This review article focuses on the current research status and direction of reducing dietary protein in broiler chickens, particularly in the area of amino acid nutrition, and provides insights into the concept of reduced protein diets and the relationship with nutrient matrix considerations. The study suggests that practical applications in feeding reduced protein diets to broilers are advancing, but more work and research are still warranted.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Yajie Tian, Jieling Li, Anhe Wang, Zhixin Shang, Honglei Jian, Qi Li, Shuo Bai, Xuehai Yan
Summary: Amino acid derivatives are used to form long-range ordered supramolecular nanostructures with mechanical, electrical, and optical properties, exhibiting semiconductor characteristics. This study uncovers the potential for amino acid molecules to self-assemble into high-performance bioinspired semiconductors, providing a reference for the customized development of biocompatible and environmentally friendly semiconductor materials through rational molecular design.
ACTA BIOMATERIALIA
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Xin-hui Zhou, Qing Liu, Hai-shui Wang
Summary: Two strategies involving chiral additives for the selective crystallization of d-glutamic acid from dl-glutamic acid solution were presented. One strategy achieved a crystal yield of 23-25% by adding sufficient l-arginine or l-phenylalanine additive and beta-d-Glu crystal seeds. The other strategy achieved a yield of 30-34% by conducting the crystallization twice in the presence of additive and crystal seeds.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Applied
Andrej Kolarovic, Pavol Jakubec
Summary: Crystallization-induced diastereomer transformations (CIDT) allow for the isolation of target compounds with high enantio- and diastereomeric purities and up to quantitative yields through filtration. This synthetic strategy has been demonstrated in numerous inspiring examples over the past fifteen years, with important considerations discussed for designing CIDT experiments.
ADVANCED SYNTHESIS & CATALYSIS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Yuanzhi He, Siyuan Li, Jun Wang, Xinrui Yang, Jiawei Zhu, Qi Zhang, Li Cui, Zaigao Tan, Wupeng Yan, Yong Zhang, Luyao Tang, Lin-Tai Da, Yan Feng
Summary: This study describes the discovery of an LTA from Neptunomonas marine that exhibits ideal enzymatic activity and diastereoselectivity for synthesizing desired products. Through structural analysis and protein engineering, the researchers identified key residues that control the selectivity of the enzyme. By modifying the enzyme's structure, they successfully improved its selectivity and catalytic activity, achieving high yields and efficiency in the pharmaceutical industry. This work provides important insights for future protein engineering of LTAs from different sources.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yi Yang, Lena Hansen
Summary: DKP formation is a common side reaction in solid-phase peptide synthesis, especially in the Fmoc-deprotection step. Secondary amino acids are more prone to this reaction. Using 2% DBU/5% piperazine/NMP instead of 20% piperidine/DMF significantly reduces DKP formation.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Woojin Choi, Taesuk Jun, Milae Lee, Kyungtae Park, Moonhyun Choi, Sungwon Jung, Jae-Kook Cha, Jae-Sung Kwon, Youngho Jin, Sangmin Lee, Du Yeol Ryu, Jinkee Hong
Summary: Water-responsive crystallization is a typical behavior of biopolymers, which has implications for the development of intelligent human-robot interfaces. However, it also hinders the consistent adhesion of tissue adhesive. This study developed an amino acid-based technology to regulate the crystallization of silk fibroin, achieving targeted control over the crystallization process.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Mahmoud Mostafa Azzam, Wei Chen, Weiguang Xia, Shuang Wang, Yanan Zhang, HebatAllah Kasem El-Senousey, Chuntian Zheng
Summary: This study evaluated the effects of L-Threonine and Bacillus subtilis on laying duck breeders. The results showed that supplementation of L-Threonine improved egg production and ducklings' hatchling weight, while the addition of Bacillus subtilis decreased egg hatchability and hatching weight. Combining 0.7g/kg of L-Threonine with 0.5g/kg of Bacillus subtilis improved eggshell quality and hatchability. These findings are important for transitioning into antibiotic-free diets.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Kentaro Tashiro, Toshiaki Takei, Alejandro M. Fracaroli, Hiroyoshi Ohtsu, Masaki Kawano, Daisuke Hashizume
Summary: The study found that an N-Fmoc and C-tBu-protected glutamate bearing a phenanthrene moiety could crystallize and form a gel, with different structures depending on its optical purity or solvent. Treatment of an enantiomeric mixture of the compound in acetonitrile resulted in a mixture of gel and supernatant, with enrichment of the major enantiomer in the gel. Additionally, a racemic mixture of the compound also provided a gel/supernatant mixture, with enrichment of either L or D form of the compound stochastically due to chiral symmetry breaking during gelation.
CHEMISTRY-AN ASIAN JOURNAL
(2022)
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Tabea Bartsch, Martin Becker, Jascha Rolf, Katrin Rosenthal, Stephan Lutz
Summary: Cyclic dinucleotides (CDNs), as strong agonists of the stimulator of interferon genes, have great potential in pharmaceutical applications. The synthesis of CDNs through chemical and biocatalytic methods has its advantages and challenges. This review discusses the latest discoveries and trends in CDN synthesis, with a focus on the most promising biotechnological processes for CDN production.
BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jascha Rolf, Anna Christina Reyes Ngo, Stephan Lutz, Dirk Tischler, Katrin Rosenthal
Summary: A screening approach combining CFPS and colorimetric activity assay was developed to rapidly identify potential azoreductases. Ten novel azoreductases were discovered, all of which were capable of degrading methyl red dye and some could degrade other complex dyes as well. The study also revealed that NADH was the preferred electron donor for most azoreductases.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Selina Seide, Lilia Arnold, Solange Wetzels, Mariela Bregu, Jochem Gaetgens, Martina Pohl
Summary: This study successfully immobilized three KDOs using two immobilization techniques, with the HaloTag(R)-based immobilization achieving the best results. The stereoselective hydroxylation of L-lysine side chain was achieved, resulting in increased product titers.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alexander Reiter, Jian Asgari, Wolfgang Wiechert, Marco Oldiges
Summary: Metabolic footprinting is a holistic approach for gathering large-scale metabolomic information of a biological system, which is crucial for systems biology and bioprocess development. This study presents a workflow for automatically building an organism-specific comprehensive metabolome analysis method using genome-scale model information. The method was applied to Saccharomyces cerevisiae and validated with high efficiency. Additionally, it can be extended to other microbial systems.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alina Kinner, Philipp Nerke, Regine Siedentop, Till Steinmetz, Thomas Classen, Katrin Rosenthal, Markus Nett, Joerg Pietruszka, Stephan Luetz
Summary: Biocatalysis constantly provides new options for synthesizing active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) and plays a role in drug discovery, with recent advancements in genome mining, enzyme screening, and protein engineering contributing to its competitiveness in academic and industrial sectors.
Editorial Material
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Katrin Rosenthal, Uwe T. Bornscheuer, Stephan Luetz
Summary: Thanks to advancements in enzyme discovery and protein engineering, as well as the development of enzymatic multistep reaction cascades, more efficient routes for drug synthesis have been created that surpass chemical syntheses. This progress aligns with the objective of the chemical and pharmaceutical industries to adopt sustainable and environmentally friendly processes. Prominent examples include the biocatalytic cascade syntheses of cyclic dinucleotides MK-1454, molnupiravir, and islatravir, and the effective conversion of CO2 into starch using an artificial enzyme cascade.
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Alina Kinner, Stephan Luetz, Katrin Rosenthal
Summary: This study presents a new screening strategy based on solid cultivation of wild-type fungi to identify novel unspecific peroxygenases (UPOs). The identification of a promising candidate strain showcases the applicability of this approach.
CHEMIE INGENIEUR TECHNIK
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Martin Becker, Aleksandra Zieminska-Stolarska, Dorota Markowska, Stephan Luetz, Katrin Rosenthal
Summary: Life cycle assessments can provide insights into the environmental impact of production processes. This study compared the environmental impact of biocatalytic and chemical synthesis of 2'3'-cGAMP and found that biocatalytic synthesis is superior in all considered categories. Early assessment is crucial for making informed decisions about synthesis routes.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sebastian Kruth, Cindy J. -M. Zimmermann, Katharina Kuhr, Wolf Hiller, Stephan Luetz, Joerg Pietruszka, Marcel Kaiser, Markus Nett
Summary: In this study, it was found that the natural product aurachin D not only has activity against the causative agent of malaria, but also inhibits other parasitic protozoa. While it has limited effects on Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense, it shows strong killing effects on T. cruzi and Leishmania donovani at low concentrations. The IC50 values of aurachin D are even lower than the reference drugs benznidazole and miltefosine.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Andrea Steinmann, Maurice Finger, Christian Nowacki, Davide Decembrino, Georg Hubmann, Marco Girhard, Vlada B. Urlacher, Stephan Luetz
Summary: This study investigated the biotransformation of coniferyl alcohol to secoisolariciresinol using recombinant Escherichia coli in a stirred-tank reactor. The researchers optimized the production conditions by monitoring the lignan pathway activity and metabolite concentrations. The results showed that copper concentration and substrate-feeding strategy had a significant impact on lignan production.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Lea Winand, Stefanie Theisen, Stephan Luetz, Katrin Rosenthal, Markus Nett
Summary: The chemical synthesis of heterocycles often involves high temperature, acid or base addition, and hazardous reagents. Biocatalytic routes for heterocycle formation have gained attention due to their ability to avoid these drawbacks. In this study, the enzyme MxcM was immobilized using a hexahistidine tag, resulting in improved tolerance to organic solvents and increased stability. An immobilized enzyme reactor (IMER) was also developed, which maintained its biocatalytic activity and mechanical stability over time. These findings provide valuable insights for incorporating amidohydrolases in chemical processes for heterocycle formation.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Andrea Steinmann, Katrin Schullehner, Anna Kohl, Christina Dickmeis, Maurice Finger, Georg Hubmann, Guido Jach, Ulrich Commandeur, Marco Girhard, Vlada B. Urlacher, Stephan Luetz
Summary: This article describes a targeted metabolomics method for microbial synthesis of monolignols and lignans. The method allows for quantification of related metabolites and comparison of different enzymes' impact on metabolite production. The method enables monitoring of dynamic metabolite accumulation and helps identify bottlenecks and quantify byproducts, providing a valuable tool for further pathway engineering studies.
METABOLIC ENGINEERING COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Regine Siedentop, Marlon Dziennus, Stephan Luetz, Katrin Rosenthal
Summary: By combining computational methods with wet-lab experiments, bottlenecks of a farnesyl pyrophosphate-producing in vitro enzyme cascade were identified. It was found that ATP and the precursor-isomerizing enzyme isopentenyl diphosphate delta-isomerase were limiting factors of the cascade's efficiency.
CHEMIE INGENIEUR TECHNIK
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Jascha Rolf, Julian Handke, Frank Burzinski, Stephan Luetz, Katrin Rosenthal
Summary: Cell-free protein synthesis (CFPS) systems offer an alternative method for protein synthesis and screening. However, comparing the performance of different CFPS systems is challenging due to variations in reaction components. In this study, a calculation tool based on amino acid balancing was developed to assess CFPS efficiency. By applying this tool, highly efficient protein synthesis systems were identified, including well-established Escherichia coli system and less explored systems based on Vibrio natriegens or Leishmania tarentolae. This approach provides a basis for evaluating and optimizing CFPS systems.
BIOTECHNOLOGY PROGRESS
(2023)
Article
Electrochemistry
Regine Siedentop, Tobias Prenzel, Siegfried R. Waldvogel, Katrin Rosenthal, Stephan Luetz
Summary: Electrochemically coupled ATP regeneration by pyruvate oxidase and acetate kinase was successfully established for the phosphorylation of mevalonate, achieving high product yield and turnover number. The system showed promising potential and outperformed other enzymatic ATP regeneration systems.