Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Amit Kumar Dutta, Perminder Singh Phull
Summary: Treatment options for H.pylori infection in patients with penicillin allergy include first-line Bismuth-based quadruple therapy for 10-14 days, and second-line Levoflaxacin-based triple therapy for 10 days. Patients with persistent infection after 2 treatment courses should be tested for penicillin allergy, and treatment should be guided by H.pylori culture and sensitivity testing results.
WORLD JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
V. P. O'Brien, L. K. Jackson, J. P. Frick, A. E. Rodriguez Martinez, D. S. Jones, C. D. Johnston, N. R. Salama
Summary: Chronic infection with Helicobacter pylori is the primary risk factor for developing stomach cancer. In a transgenic mouse gastric metaplasia model, H. pylori strains from unrelated individuals differed in their ability to infect the stomach and colonize metaplastic glands. Genetic variation in a cell surface adhesin gene called sabB was associated with the ability to colonize the diseased stomach environment.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Renaly Ivyna de Araujo Rego, Geovana Ferreira Guedes Silvestre, Demis Ferreira de Melo, Sonaly Lima Albino, Marcela Monteiro Pimentel, Sara Brito Silva Costa Cruz, Sabrina Daniela Silva Wurzba, Wellington Francisco Rodrigues, Bolivar Ponciano Goulart de Lima Damasceno, Lucio Roberto Cancado Castellano
Summary: This article provides an overview of the biological and pharmacological activities of flavonoid-rich extracts, focusing on their use against Helicobacter pylori infection to prevent gastric cancer. The study finds that these extracts have potential anti-H. pylori activity, highlighting the importance of researching natural products.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Chuan-Guo Guo, Ka Shing Cheung, Feifei Zhang, Esther W. Chan, Lijia Chen, Ian C. K. Wong, Wai K. Leung
Summary: This retrospective study in Hong Kong found that patients failed by initial H. pylori eradication have an increased risk of upper gastrointestinal bleeding compared to patients who responded to the initial therapy, and the risk increased progressively with longer time until retreatment. Therefore, early retreatment within 3 months should be considered to minimize subsequent risk of upper gastrointestinal bleeding.
CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yang Wu, Zhiyong Song, Guiyun Deng, Kai Jiang, Huajuan Wang, Xueji Zhang, Heyou Han
Summary: The study uses nanomotors loaded with drugs to combat gastric cancer caused by Helicobacter pylori infection, successfully achieving rapid neutralization of gastric acid and drug release in animal models to achieve good therapeutic effects.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Katherine Gibson, Joshua K. Chu, Shiwei Zhu, Doreen Nguyen, Jan Mrazek, Jun Liu, Timothy R. Hoover
Summary: The study reveals the importance of the H. pylori HP1486-HP1489 tripartite efflux system in flagellum stability, with mutants of HP1489 and HP1486/HP1487 leading to reduced flagella per cell. Additionally, aberrant phenomena of flagellum disassembly product were observed in some mutants, suggesting a potential role of FliL in flagellum disassembly.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Komei Iwai, Tetsuji Azuma, Takatoshi Yonenaga, Kazutoshi Watanabe, Akihiro Obora, Fumiko Deguchi, Takao Kojima, Takaaki Tomofuji
Summary: This study found an association between H. pylori infection in blood and dental caries. Untreated dental caries may have an impact on systemic H. pylori infection.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Carmen Aguilar, Mindaugas Pauzuolis, Malvika Pompaiah, Ehsan Vafadarnejad, Panagiota Arampatzi, Mara Fischer, Dominik Narres, Mastura Neyazi, Ozge Kayisoglu, Thomas Sell, Nils Bluethgen, Markus Morkel, Armin Wiegering, Christoph-Thomas Germer, Stefan Kircher, Andreas Rosenwald, Antoine-Emmanuel Saliba, Sina Bartfeld
Summary: In this study, it was found that Helicobacter pylori prefers to attach to differentiated cells in the pit region of gastric units. Organoid models were used to validate this phenomenon, and it was discovered that differentiated pit cells with high levels of GKN1, GKN2 and PSCA were more susceptible to H. pylori attachment and CagA translocation. It was also found that attachment was unrelated to the expression of MUC5AC or PSCA, but relied on bacterial chemotaxis towards host cell-released urea, which was proportional to the size of the host cell.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Han-Na Kim, Min-Jeong Kim, Jonathan. P. P. Jacobs, Hyo-Joon Yang
Summary: This study investigated the microbial changes and host inflammatory cytokine responses in H. pylori-negative gastric cancer patients. The results showed that the gastric mucosal microbiota in GC patients had reduced diversity and a different composition compared to controls. Lacticaseibacillus was enriched, while Haemophilus and Campylobacter were depleted in the cancer group. Furthermore, the combined abundance of these taxa correlated significantly with gastric mucosal IL1B expression.
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Shailja C. Shah, Adam Tepler, Cecilia P. Chung, Giovanni Suarez, Richard M. Peek, Adriana Hung, Christianne Roumie, Neeraj Narula
Summary: This meta-analysis study identified host genetic polymorphisms significantly associated with H pylori eradication failure, particularly among treatment-adherent individuals with confirmed H pylori antibiotic susceptibility. CYP2C19 polymorphisms, especially metabolizer phenotypes, were strongly associated with eradication failure risk. IL1B polymorphisms related to gastric acid suppression were also linked to eradication failure risk.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Guiyun Deng, Yang Wu, Zhiyong Song, Shuojun Li, Moqing Du, Jiamin Deng, Quan Xu, Liu Deng, Hagar Shendy Bahlol, Heyou Han
Summary: Infection with Helicobacter pylori (Hp) is a major cause of stomach cancer. This study introduces nanoliposomes that can modify the gastric acid environment to effectively treat Hp infection. Results show that these nanoliposomes can eliminate Hp infection and reduce inflammation, suggesting a potential therapeutic strategy.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Doha H. Abou Baker, Heba S. Abbas
Summary: Recently, the synthesis of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) using plant extracts as a substitute for chemical synthesis has gained attention. In this study, researchers synthesized biogenic SeNPs using pomegranate peels aqueous extract (PPAE) and evaluated their potential against Helicobacter pylori and stomach cancer cells. The results showed that the SeNPs exhibited significant anti-H. pylori activity and dose-dependent inhibition of stomach cancer cell growth. These findings suggest that the biogenic SeNPs have promising therapeutic potential for treating H. pylori infection and stomach cancer.
ARABIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Yang-Kun Wang, Chun Li, Yong-Mei Zhou, Lei Zeng, Ying-Ying Li, Si-Lin Huang, Chao-Ya Zhu, Yue Wang, Su-Nan Wang, Xiao-Dong Chen
Summary: This study investigates the histopathological characteristics of Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection in the gastric mucosa. It found that Hp initially implants in the mucus layer and selectively adheres to the surface mucus cells, leading to vacuolar degeneration and proliferation of these cells, eventually developing into intraepithelial neoplasia.
JOURNAL OF INFLAMMATION RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ji Yeong Yang, Jong-Bae Kim, Pyeongjae Lee, Sa-Hyun Kim
Summary: Evodiamine inhibits the growth of H. pylori by downregulating gene expressions related to replication and transcription machineries of the bacteria. Moreover, evodiamine also suppresses urease expression, leading to reduced translocation of CagA and VacA proteins into AGS cells. Additionally, evodiamine inhibits the activation of signaling proteins induced by H. pylori infection, contributing to reduction of IL-8 production in AGS cells.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biology
Davide Giuseppe Ribaldone, Carlo Zurlo, Sharmila Fagoonee, Chiara Rosso, Angelo Armandi, Gian Paolo Caviglia, Giorgio Maria Saracco, Rinaldo Pellicano
Summary: This study analyzed histological samples from 2019 and found a H. pylori infection prevalence of 16.8%, with associations found between H. pylori and active superficial gastritis, as well as antral atrophy. The study provides updated data on H. pylori infection in southern Europe.
Review
Physiology
Minyu Zhang, Biyang Xiao, Xiaoqi Chen, Bingming Ou, Songtao Wang
Summary: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is closely related to bile acid and gut microbiota disorders. Exercise plays an important role in maintaining the homeostasis of the enterohepatic circulation and the health of the host gut microbiota by regulating the composition and function of the bile acid pool in the enterohepatic axis. Exercise has been recommended as a first-line intervention for NAFLD, and regulating bile acids through exercise may be a promising treatment strategy.