Review
Clinical Neurology
Hans Lassmann
Summary: Neuropathology plays a crucial role in understanding multiple sclerosis (MS) and other inflammatory demyelinating diseases, helping differentiate different diseases, understanding disease progression and damage mechanisms, and providing important guidance for disease treatment and clinical trials.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Effrosyni Koutsouraki, Koukoulidis Theodoros, Georgiadou Eleni, Kalampouka Marianna, Nikolaidou Areti, Koukoulidou Ariadni, Michmizos Dimitrios
Summary: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic progressive disease affecting both the central nervous system (CNS) and autonomic nervous system (ANS), leading to a range of urological, sexual, gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, and thermoregulatory disorders as well as increased fatigue. The manifestations of ANS dysfunction in MS are often underestimated due to the non-specificity of symptoms and limited evaluation in clinical practice. The underlying mechanisms causing these disorders have yet to be fully investigated, hindering targeted etiological treatment. Early diagnosis and individualized treatment regimens, incorporating multiple approaches, have shown the best results in managing ANS dysfunction in MS patients.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marianna Gabriella Rispoli, Silvia Valentinuzzi, Giovanna De Luca, Piero Del Boccio, Luca Federici, Maria Di Ioia, Anna Digiovanni, Eleonora Agata Grasso, Valeria Pozzilli, Alessandro Villani, Antonio Maria Chiarelli, Marco Onofrj, Richard G. Wise, Damiana Pieragostino, Valentina Tomassini
Summary: Metabolomics-based technologies have the potential to serve as early indicators of neurological conditions, particularly in multiple sclerosis (MS), and as tools for diagnosis and treatment monitoring. Researchers have identified promising biomarkers and metabolic pathways through pathway analysis of metabolites, which could pave the way for novel research avenues.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Rodolfo A. Kolliker Frers, Matilde Otero-Losada, Tamara Kobiec, Lucas D. Udovin, Maria Laura Aon Bertolino, Maria Herrera, Francisco Capani
Summary: This review examines the use of light chain neurofilaments (NFLs) as peripheral MS biomarkers, aiming to improve our comprehension of the disease.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Pavan Bhargava, Hans Peter Hartung, Peter A. Calabresi
Summary: This article reviews the role of B cells in mediating cortical demyelination and neuronal damage in multiple sclerosis. The authors summarize the evidence linking B cells to cortical injury, potential mechanisms by which B cells may mediate oligodendrocyte and neuronal death, and treatment strategies that could be used to target pathogenic B cells.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Richard Imrich, Miroslav Vlcek, Adela Penesova, Zofia Radikova, Andrea Havranova, Monika Sivakova, Pavel Siarnik, Branislav Kollar, Tomas Sokolov, Peter Turcani, Eva Heckova, Gilbert Hangel, Bernhard Strasser, Wolfgang Bogner
Summary: The study aimed to evaluate cardiac autonomic function in early MS patients and found normal cardiac sympathetic and baroreflex cardiovagal function in patients with lesions at the post-acute/early resolving stage.
CLINICAL AUTONOMIC RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Thomas Williams, Nevin John, Alberto Calvi, Alessia Bianchi, Floriana De Angelis, Anisha Doshi, Sarah Wright, Madiha C. Shatila, Marios C. Yiannakas, Fatima Chowdhury, Jon Stutters, Antonio Ricciardi, Ferran Prados, David MacManus, Marie Braisher, James Blackstone, Olga Ciccarelli, Claudia A. M. Gandini Wheeler-Kingshott, Frederik Barkhof, Jeremy Chataway
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the cross-sectional relationships between excess modifiable cardiovascular risk (CVR) and whole and regional brain atrophy as well as disability in patients with secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS). The results showed that prematurely achieved CVR was associated with smaller brain volumes and poorer working memory performance in SPMS patients.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Malik R. Seals, Monica M. Moran, Jonathan D. Leavenworth, Jianmei W. Leavenworth
Summary: This article provides an updated review on the role of B cells and antibody response in multiple sclerosis and its murine model, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). It focuses on the regulation of antibody-producing B cells and discusses the potential role of IgE antibody in microglia and macrophage activation, autoimmunity, and the development of MS/EAE.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Emeline Buttigieg, Anja Scheller, Bilal El Waly, Frank Kirchhoff, Franck Debarbieux
Summary: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by myelin loss, axonopathy, and inflammation in the central nervous system. Animal models have been developed to study the pathomechanisms of MS and recent advances in imaging techniques have allowed for in vivo analysis. This review provides an overview of current MS animal models and emphasizes the importance of multimodal approaches to improve our understanding of the disease and reduce animal usage.
Review
Clinical Neurology
Emeline Buttigieg, Anja Scheller, Bilal El Waly, Frank Kirchhoff, Franck Debarbieux
Summary: This review provides an overview of animal models of multiple sclerosis (MS) and emphasizes the importance of current imaging modalities at the microscopic and macroscopic levels. The review highlights the significance of using multimodal approaches to enhance our understanding of the disease and minimize the use of animals.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Xiaoya Chen, Dan Luo, Qiao Zheng, Yuling Peng, Yongliang Han, Qi Luo, Qiyuan Zhu, Tianyou Luo, Yongmei Li
Summary: This study investigated the correlation between choroid plexus volume and whole brain morphology in patients with MS and NMOSD. The findings showed that choroid plexus volumes were increased in the MS group but not in the NMOSD group. MS patients also exhibited reduced cortical thickness and increased ventricle system volume, while NMOSD patients showed increased third ventricle volume. Furthermore, the enlarged choroid plexus was associated with reduced cortical thickness in the MS group.
EUROPEAN RADIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Antonio Reia, Martina Petruzzo, Fabrizia Falco, Teresa Costabile, Matteo Conenna, Antonio Carotenuto, Maria Petracca, Giuseppe Servillo, Roberta Lanzillo, Vincenzo Brescia Morra, Marcello Moccia
Summary: This study found that cardiovascular risk was associated with verbal learning dysfunction in MS patients, with each point increase in the Framingham risk score corresponding to a lower CVLT-II score. Male sex and higher total cholesterol levels were identified as main factors contributing to lower CVLT scores.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Gianna C. Riccitelli, Giulio Disanto, Rosaria Sacco, Davide Sparasci, Leonardo Sacco, Anna Castelnovo, Silvia Miano, Mauro Manconi, Claudio Gobbi, Chiara Zecca
Summary: Fatigue is a common and disabling symptom in multiple sclerosis patients, and this study found a significant association between restless legs syndrome (RLS) and higher fatigue scores. Other sleep-related variables like daytime sleepiness and sleep efficiency were not significantly associated with fatigue. Further research is needed to explore the potential benefits of treating RLS on fatigue in multiple sclerosis patients.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Martina Petruzzo, Antonio Reia, Giorgia T. Maniscalco, Fabrizio Luiso, Roberta Lanzillo, Cinzia Valeria Russo, Antonio Carotenuto, Lia Allegorico, Raffaele Palladino, Vincenzo Brescia Morra, Marcello Moccia
Summary: The study found an association between cardiovascular risk factors and the prognosis of multiple sclerosis (MS). An increase in the Framingham risk score was associated with higher risks of MS relapses, disability, and treatment escalation. Early identification and management of cardiovascular comorbidities should be considered in MS management.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Ioana S. Barac, Mihaela Iancu, Vitalie Vacaras, Angela Cozma, Vasile Negrean, Dorel Sampelean, Dafin F. Muresanu, Lucia M. Procopciuc
Summary: The study revealed a significant association between IL-27-A964G and IL-27-T4730C polymorphisms and increased risk of MS, as well as the protective role of the IL-23-R381Q polymorphism. The G-C (A924G, T4730C) haplotype was identified as a significant risk haplotype for the development of MS.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
