Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Cristina Ramo-Tello, Yolanda Blanco, Luis Brieva, Bonaventura Casanova, Eva Martinez-Caceres, Daniel Ontaneda, Lluis Ramio-Torrenta, Alex Rovira
Summary: Minimizing the risk of relapse is crucial in the treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS). This article aims to improve the quality of care for this neurological process by addressing key concepts, clinical examination recommendations, classification criteria, imaging techniques, biomarkers, and specific therapeutic advice for special populations. An algorithm for treating MS relapses is also provided.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Steffen Pfeuffer, Leoni Rolfes, Timo Wirth, Falk Steffen, Marc Pawlitzki, Andreas Schulte-Mecklenbeck, Catharina C. Gross, Marcus Brand, Stefan Bittner, Tobias Ruck, Luisa Klotz, Heinz Wiendl, Sven G. Meuth
Summary: Immunoadsorption demonstrated better outcomes compared to double-dose methylprednisolone for treating steroid-refractory acute multiple sclerosis relapses, and modulation of B cell function may be a potential mechanism of action for immunoadsorption.
JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Valeska Kozik, Matthias Schwab, Sandra Thiel, Kerstin Hellwig, Florian Rakers, Michelle Dreiling
Summary: This study aims to investigate the impact of synthetic glucocorticoid therapy during pregnancy on multiple sclerosis. The study will examine the cognitive function, brain development, stress sensitivity, and behavior of children, and investigate changes in relevant genes and metabolism. The results of this study will provide guidance for the treatment of multiple sclerosis in women during pregnancy.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Pooria Namaei, Fereshteh Ghadiri, Raika Jamali, Amir Reza Azimi, Hamid Reza Farhadi Shabestari, Fahimeh Vahabizad
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the incidence, severity, and risk factors for liver injury in MS patients treated with pulsed methylprednisolone therapy. The study found a prevalence of liver injury of 2.86%, but all cases were not severe. Hyperlipidemia and history of alcohol abuse were significantly associated with liver injury.
MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS AND RELATED DISORDERS
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Haoyang Duan, Yuling Jing, Yinghua Li, Yawen Lian, Jianfang Li, Zhenlan Li
Summary: Multiple sclerosis is a slowly progressive disease that can be delayed by immunosuppressants and other drugs, but patients usually experience various neurological deficit symptoms. Professional rehabilitation treatment can reduce dysfunction, improve neurological function, and reduce burdens. New rehabilitation technologies have further established the advantages of rehabilitation therapy in multiple sclerosis treatment.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Pasquale Picone, Domenico Nuzzo
Summary: In recent years, studies have shown that mitochondrial aberration plays a crucial role in mediating axonal degeneration in Multiple Sclerosis (MS), along with inflammation and demyelination. This has led to the recognition of mitochondria as a potential therapeutic target for MS. Mitochondrial transplantation has emerged as a new approach for treating various diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases. In this hypothesis, the authors propose mitochondrial transplantation as a new, potentially applicable strategy to counteract axonal degeneration in multiple sclerosis.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Brit Ellen Rod, Oivind Torkildsen, Kjell-Morten Myhr, Lars Bo, Stig Wergeland
Summary: Our study found minimal transfer of rituximab into breast milk in nursing mothers, and the levels of rituximab in infant serum were difficult to detect. The B cell counts in infants were unaffected.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY NEUROSURGERY AND PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Marcus W. Koch, Kayla Sage, Sharanjit Kaur, Janet Kim, Graziela Cerchiaro, V. Wee Yong, Gary R. Cutter, Luanne M. Metz
Summary: In this phase 2 futility trial, treatment with the generic drug domperidone did not show efficacy in reducing disability progression in secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS). Patients with higher prolactin levels during the study had a significantly lower risk of disability progression, indicating a potential avenue for further investigation.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Wolf A. Lagreze, Sebastian Kuechlin, Gabriele Ihorst, Birgit Grotejohann, Flemming Beisse, Martin Volkmann, Sven P. Heinrich, Philipp Albrecht, Judith Ungewiss, Michael Woerner, Martin J. Hug, Sebastian Wolf, Ricarda Diem
Summary: The study showed that erythropoietin as an adjunct to corticosteroids did not provide neuroprotection in the visual pathways after optic neuritis. Future research could focus on modified erythropoietin administration, assess its efficacy independent of corticosteroids, and investigate whether it affects the conversion of optic neuritis to multiple sclerosis.
Article
Immunology
Qi Wang, Rushan Xia
Summary: This study evaluated the safety and efficacy of methylprednisolone combined with dupilumab in treating bullous pemphigoid. Among the 27 patients enrolled, 9 received the combination treatment (D group) while the remaining 18 received methylprednisolone alone (T group). The results showed that the D group had a significantly shorter time to stop blister formation and achieve complete healing compared to the T group. Furthermore, the combination treatment resulted in lower cumulative and total doses of methylprednisolone.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nik Krajnc, Thomas Berger, Gabriel Bsteh
Summary: Disability in multiple sclerosis primarily occurs in the progressive forms of the disease, and developing effective drugs to delay disability progression in progressive MS has proven challenging. While some disease-modifying treatments are approved for progressive multiple sclerosis, their effects are moderate and limited mainly to patients with signs of disease activity. The lack of sensitive outcome measures and questions about clinical relevance may explain the challenges faced in clinical trials for progressive multiple sclerosis.
Review
Clinical Neurology
Clara Grazia Chisari, Eleonora Sgarlata, Sebastiano Arena, Simona Toscano, Maria Luca, Francesco Patti
Summary: Evidence has shown the involvement of B cells in multiple sclerosis (MS) pathogenesis, with B-cell-depleting therapies like rituximab (RTX) being considered as a treatment option. While RTX has demonstrated efficacy in reducing inflammation, relapses, and new brain lesions in RRMS patients, its off-label use varies among Northern European countries. The review highlights RTX as a potential alternative treatment option for MS management, especially amidst the COVID-19 pandemic and concerns about infection risks.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Aigli G. Vakrakou, Maria-Evgenia Brinia, Anastasia Alexaki, Evangelos Koumasopoulos, Panos Stathopoulos, Maria-Eleftheria Evangelopoulos, Leonidas Stefanis, Christine Stadelmann-Nessler, Constantinos Kilidireas
Summary: The expanded treatment landscape in relapsing-remitting MS has provided highly effective treatment options, but also increased complexity in managing disease- or drug-related events. Proper decision-making requires thorough understanding of MS immunobiology and underlying mechanisms. The immune system is highly adaptable, but treatments can have harmful effects. Clinicians need to make appropriate clinical decisions for atypical relapses and consider switching therapies for the multiple faces of MS.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Nicolas Fissolo, Laura Calvo-Barreiro, Herena Eixarch, Ursula Boschert, Luisa M. Villar, Lucienne Costa-Frossard, Mireia Ferrer, Alex Sanchez, Eva Borras, Eduard Sabido, Carmen Espejo, Xavier Montalban, Manuel Comabella
Summary: This study characterized the transcriptomic and proteomic profiles induced by cladribine in blood cells, and identified potential treatment response biomarkers to cladribine in patients with multiple sclerosis.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Enrique Gomez-Figueroa, Efrain Gutierrez-Lanz, Alonso Alvarado-Bolanos, Adriana Casallas-Vanegas, Christian Garcia-Estrada, Indhira Zabala-Angeles, Arturo Cadena-Fernandez, Rivas-Alonso Veronica, Trevino-Frenk Irene, Jose Flores-Rivera
Summary: Objective analysis of cyclophosphamide (CYC) treatment in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) shows that it remains a valid therapeutic option, especially for patients with high relapsing activity and malignant disease course. The efficacy of CYC is demonstrated through stable EDSS scores, decreased progression index (PI), and reduced annualized relapse rate (ARR) over a 36-month follow-up period.
NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Virology
Mona Sadeghalvad, Amir Hossein Mansourabadi, Maryam Noori, Seyed Aria Nejadghaderi, Masoomeh Masoomikarimi, Masoumeh Alimohammadi, Nima Rezaei
Summary: This study systematically reviews the construction and efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines globally, focusing on their effectiveness in healthy individuals and those with pre-existing diseases. The results show that almost all investigated vaccines are well tolerated and induce good immune responses. A longer interval between doses and the number of doses administered are crucial for optimal antibody response. Immunocompromised patients have lower immunogenicity to the vaccines. Adverse events of interest include thrombotic events, Bell's palsy, and myocarditis/pericarditis. The findings emphasize the potency and importance of COVID-19 vaccines in preventing the disease.
REVIEWS IN MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Sepideh Ebrahimi Meimand, Gholamreza Azizi, Reza Yazdani, Negin Sanadgol, Nima Rezaei
Summary: Glycogen storage disease type Ib (GSDIb) is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations of the SLC37A4 gene, leading to various clinical manifestations such as hepatomegaly, renomegaly, neutropenia, hypoglycemia, and lactic acidosis. It may also result in severe long-term complications.
IMMUNOLOGIC RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Amirmohammad Khalaji, Amir Hossein Behnoush, Parnian Shobeiri, Behrad Saeedian, Antonio L. Teixeira, Nima Rezaei
Summary: The study found no significant difference in BDNF levels between patients with OSA and controls, as well as no statistically significant impact of CPAP treatment on BDNF levels. Therefore, BDNF peripheral levels are not significantly altered in OSA or by its related treatment, preventing its use as a biomarker.
SLEEP AND BREATHING
(2023)
Review
Neurosciences
Mobina Amanollahi, Melika Jameie, Arash Heidari, Nima Rezaei
Summary: Adult neurogenesis plays a critical role in various neurological disorders, and neuroinflammation is a key factor that can affect this process by regulating multiple steps of neurogenesis. Understanding the effects of immune components on adult neurogenesis can provide insights into potential therapeutic candidates for these disorders.
MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Virology
Amene Saghazadeh, Nima Rezaei
Summary: An immunocompromised status increases the risk of monkeypox virus infection and severe disease, highlighting the importance of immune competence for controlling and clearing the virus. Studies have shown various effects of monkeypox virus on the immune system, including stimulation, modulation, and memory, affecting immune cells and molecules such as natural killer cells, macrophages, neutrophils, lymphocytes, cytokines, interferons, chemokines, and complement.
REVIEWS IN MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Mandana Azari, Farbod Bahreini, Vladimir N. Uversky, Nima Rezaei
Summary: Breast cancer is a malignancy that occurs in the mammary glands, with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) being the most aggressive subtype. TNBC is resistant to hormone therapy and targeted therapies, making chemotherapy the primary treatment. However, resistance to chemotherapy can lead to treatment failure, cancer recurrence, and distant metastasis. Targeting chemoresistant metastases-initiating cells with specific therapeutic agents is a promising approach in TNBC management. Peptides, with their specificity, low immunogenicity, and efficacy, can be used to design drugs that enhance the effectiveness of chemotherapy for targeting drug-tolerant TNBC cells.
BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Fatemeh Moosaie, Soheil Mohammadi, Amene Saghazadeh, Fatemeh Dehghani Firouzabadi, Nima Rezaei
Summary: This study aimed to systematically review the literature on the serum and plasma levels of BDNF in DM and its subgroups. The findings showed that serum BDNF levels were significantly lower in patients with DM compared to controls. Subgroup analysis indicated that patients with T2DM, DM with depression, and DM with retinopathy had lower serum BDNF levels.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Parnian Shobeiri, Sanam Alilou, Mehran Jaberinezhad, Farshad Zare, Nastaran Karimi, Saba Maleki, Antonio L. Teixeira, George Perry, Nima Rezaei
Summary: This systematic review evaluated the accuracy of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in identifying Alzheimer's disease (AD) through meta-analysis. The results showed that lncRNAs had high accuracy in identifying AD and could be considered a promising diagnostic biomarker for the disease.
Review
Immunology
Soren Nooraei, Alireza Sarkar Lotfabadi, Milad Akbarzadehmoallemkolaei, Nima Rezaei
Summary: Vaccination is the most effective method for preventing and reducing the impact of infectious diseases in animals and humans. Adjuvants are substances that enhance the immune response and can improve the body's immune reactions. Nanoparticles have shown promise as more effective adjuvants due to their ability to target antigen-presenting cells and easily cross biological barriers.
Review
Oncology
Kimia Kazemzadeh, Sadra Behrouzieh, Nima Rezaei
Summary: This article reviews the potential immune-related side effects of immunotherapy in treating leukemia, including effects on different body systems such as cardiovascular and neurologic systems. Being aware of these side effects can lead to better clinical decision-making and proactive management in case of occurrence.
EXPERT REVIEW OF ANTICANCER THERAPY
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Sara Mahdiabadi, Sara Momtazmanesh, Amirali Karimi, Nima Rezaei
Summary: This study conducted a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials to evaluate the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) for metastatic melanoma. The results showed that ICIs are associated with improved overall survival and can assist clinicians in choosing the optimal treatment approach.
EXPERT REVIEW OF ANTICANCER THERAPY
(2023)
Review
Virology
Hanie Karimi, Vahid Mansouri, Nima Rezaei
Summary: This paper discusses the hypothesis of antibody transmission through the placenta and breast milk following SARS-CoV-2 infection or vaccination, while considering the potential harm and benefits to the fetus/infant.
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mahdi Masrour, Shaghayegh Khanmohammadi, Parisa Fallahtafti, Nima Rezaei
Summary: The study found that lncRNAs could be used as diagnostic biomarkers for HNSCC, but further investigation is needed to validate clinical efficacy and elucidate mechanisms. High-throughput sequencing and bioinformatics should be used to ascertain expression profiles.
Article
Neurosciences
Mahsa Golshani Nasab, Arash Heidari, Mohammadreza Sedighi, Narges Shakerian, Mona Mirbeyk, Amene Saghazadeh, Nima Rezaei
Summary: This article discusses the relationship between dietary inflammatory index (DII) and neuropsychiatric disorders (NPDs), finding that a proinflammatory diet is associated with depression, anxiety, stress, and sleep disorders. The effects of genetic backgrounds, dietary patterns, and the gut microbiome on DII are also discussed. Future research should evaluate causality through RCTs and explore personalized medicine interventions using information about DII in NPDs.
REVIEWS IN THE NEUROSCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Neurosciences
Ghazaleh Ghaffaripour Jahromi, Sepideh Razi, Nima Rezaei
Summary: This comprehensive review explores the pathophysiological models of depression and the relationship between NLRP3 inflammasome activation and depression. By adopting the inflammatory theory, the central role of NLRP3 inflammasome activation in depression is explained and supported by evidence from human studies and animal models. The activation of the inflammasome is not limited to the central nervous system, but extends to the gut and peripheral immune systems, affecting the balance of the microbiota-gut-brain axis.