Article
Cell Biology
Jian Li, Hongmin Yao, Fujie Zhao, Junqing An, Qilong Wang, Jing Mu, Zhixue Liu, Ming-Hui Zou, Zhonglin Xie
Summary: PYCARD plays a critical role in miRNA biogenesis and regulates neointima formation by inhibiting CMA-mediated degradation of AGO2, thus promoting microRNA maturation.
Article
Cell Biology
Jie-Ning Li, Hui-Lung Sun, Ming-Yang Wang, Pai-Sheng Chen
Summary: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that play a role in regulating pathophysiological processes by suppressing target gene expression post-transcriptionally. The function of miRNAs is regulated by a conserved biogenesis machinery involving processing steps and the formation of a miRNA-induced silencing complex (miRISC). This study discovered a novel regulatory mechanism involving the post-translational modification of AGO2 by E-cadherin, leading to enhanced miRISC activity on gene silencing.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Reza Yarani, Ali Shojaeian, Oana Palasca, Nadezhda T. Doncheva, Lars Juhl Jensen, Jan Gorodkin, Flemming Pociot
Summary: This review discusses the differential regulation of miRNAs in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and their potential diagnostic and therapeutic applications. Through literature curation and computational analysis, a consensus set of differentially expressed miRNAs in mucosal tissues was obtained. The role of these miRNAs and their potential targets in IBD are highlighted.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Davide Cora, Federico Bussolino, Gabriella Doronzo
Summary: TFEB, an oncogenic transcription factor, is a key regulator of genes controlling lysosomal biogenesis, autophagy, and vesicle flux. Its activation is modulated by stress factors, with miRNAs playing a role in post-transcriptional regulation. miRNAs are involved in various cellular processes and are important in autophagy.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Prachi Deshmukh, Shubha Markande, Vikas Fandade, Yogendra Ramtirtha, Mallur Srivatsan Madhusudhan, Jomon Joseph
Summary: Micro-RNA mediated suppression of mRNA translation is a key regulatory mode of gene expression. Nup358-SIM has multiple interacting regions on AGO2, facilitating the coupling of miRISC with target mRNA. Specific residues are involved in the interaction of AGO2 with miRNA-loading components.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hanwen Chen, Peiwei Li, Jiamin Chen, Yufang Wang, Qiao Yu, Yihua Wu, Yan Chen, Jianting Cai
Summary: In this study, PBMC miR-582-5p was identified as a potential diagnostic biomarker for Crohn's disease, while miR-96-5p may serve as a novel and valuable biomarker for monitoring disease activity.
Review
Cell Biology
Erpeng Yang, Jun Shen
Summary: Paneth cells play critical roles in controlling gut microbiota and maintaining intestinal homeostasis by secreting alpha-defensins. Inflammatory bowel disease, including Crohn's disease, is closely related to Paneth cells, which are identified as the central element of the pathogenesis.
CELL PROLIFERATION
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hu Zhang, Jiling Liang, Ning Chen
Summary: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease that is more common with aging. Current treatments are limited due to a lack of clear targets. It has been discovered that dysfunctional autophagy is closely related to the development and progression of AD. Regulating autophagy through microRNAs may be a crucial strategy for preventing and treating AD.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Yihan Xu, Wenwei Qian, Liangyu Huang, Weiwei Wen, Yi Li, Feilong Guo, Zhenxing Zhu, Zhun Li, Jianfeng Gong, Zeqian Yu, Yan Zhou, Nan Lu, Weiming Zhu, Zhen Guo
Summary: Adherent-invasive Escherichia coli (AIEC) and intestinal macrophages play a role in the development of Crohn's disease (CD), particularly in the pathogenesis of intestinal fibrosis. This study found that AIEC colonization in the ileum is associated with increased intestinal fibrosis and reduced let-7b expression in CD patients. AIEC-infected mice also showed more severe intestinal fibrosis, which was improved by exogenous let-7b. Mechanistically, let-7b targets intestinal macrophages and inhibits TGF beta R1 to prevent fibrotic phenotype. AIEC suppresses exosomal let-7b from intestinal epithelial cells, promoting fibrotic macrophage polarization. In summary, AIEC contributes to intestinal fibrosis in CD, highlighting the potential of anti-AIEC or let-7b therapy for ameliorating fibrosis.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Qichen Shen, Zhuizui Huang, Lingyan Ma, Jiachen Yao, Ting Luo, Yao Zhao, Yingping Xiao, Yuanxiang Jin
Summary: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a global disease without a cure, and disruption of the microbial ecosystem is considered a major cause. This study investigated the role of extracellular vesicles (EVs) and membrane vesicles (MVs) in host-microbe interactions in colitis. The researchers found that miR-181b-5p transplantation inhibited inflammation and promoted macrophage polarization, while miR-200b-3p regulated the microbiota composition and contributed to intestinal barrier integrity. MVs from feces and BMVs from colitis also had similar effects. These findings provide new insights and potential treatment strategies for colitis.
Review
Cell Biology
Tao Lan, Shiyu-Hu, Zhe Shen, Bin Yan, Jianting Chen
Summary: Intervebral disc degeneration (IDD) is a major cause of low back pain with significant negative socioeconomic impact globally. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) and autophagy play crucial roles in the aging process of intervertebral disc, with dysfunctions in autophagy and miRNAs targeting autophagy-related genes being proposed as key reasons for IDD development.
AGEING RESEARCH REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Edda Russo, Lorenzo Cinci, Leandro Di Gloria, Simone Baldi, Mario D'Ambrosio, Giulia Nannini, Elisabetta Bigagli, Lavinia Curini, Marco Pallecchi, Donato Andrea Arcese, Stefano Scaringi, Cecilia Malentacchi, Gianluca Bartolucci, Matteo Ramazzotti, Cristina Luceri, Amedeo Amedei, Francesco Giudici
Summary: The study identified differences in ileal microbiota composition and systemic microbial-associated inflammatory factors between first surgery and surgical relapse CD patients. The findings suggest that microbiota patterns associated with healthy ileal tissue may play a role in triggering CD recurrence.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Guillaume Dalmasso, Hang Thi Thu Nguyen, Tiphanie Fais, Sebastien Massier, Caroline Chevarin, Emilie Vazeille, Nicolas Barnich, Julien Delmas, Richard Bonnet
Summary: The study revealed that the yersiniabactin siderophore of AIEC provides an advantage for growth in competitive environments, but it also activates autophagy leading to bacterial clearance.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hiroki Matsuda, Yoichi Nibe-Shirakihara, Akiko Tamura, Emi Aonuma, Satoko Arakawa, Kana Otsubo, Yasuhiro Nemoto, Takashi Nagaishi, Kiichiro Tsuchiya, Shigeomi Shimizu, Averil Ma, Mamoru Watanabe, Motohiro Uo, Ryuichi Okamoto, Shigeru Oshima
Summary: Crohn's disease is an inflammatory disease of the gut caused by a complex interplay among genetic, microbial, and environmental factors. The ingestion of nickel particles may worsen Crohn's disease by perturbing autophagic processes in the intestine.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Zhongsheng Feng, Jinghan Hua, Fengjian Guo, Zhanju Liu, Yujie Zhao, Wei Wu
Summary: This study aims to estimate the prevalence of vitamin B6 deficiencies in Crohn's disease patients, identify associated risk factors, and explore the alteration of intestinal microbiota related to vitamin B6 status. The results showed a significantly higher prevalence of vitamin B6 abnormalities in Crohn's disease patients compared to ulcerative colitis patients. Factors such as small bowel lesion, ileocolonic lesion (L3), extraintestinal manifestations, ileal resection, and usage of immunosuppressors were independently associated with abnormal vitamin B6 in Crohn's disease. Additionally, significant differences in microbial structure were observed between the two groups.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2023)