Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Snjezana Cuzic, Maja Antolic, Anja Ognjenovic, Darija Stupin-Polancec, Adriana Petrinic Grba, Boska Hrvacic, Miroslava Dominis Kramaric, Sanja Musladin, Lidija Pozgaj, Ivo Zlatar, Denis Polancec, Gorana Aralica, Marko Banic, Marija Urek, Brankica Mijandrusic Sincic, Aleksandar Cubranic, Ines Glojnaric, Martina Bosnar, Vesna Erakovic Haber
Summary: This study explored the expression of claudins in human disease and two different animal models of IBD. The diverse alterations in claudin expression by epithelial and inflammatory cells were recorded in IBD and both animal models. The results suggest that claudins are not exclusively expressed by epithelial cells, and changes in claudin mRNA levels should be interpreted in the context of overall tissue alterations.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Emiko Mizoguchi, Renuka Subramaniam, Toshiyuki Okada, Atsushi Mizoguchi
Summary: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a complex condition with unknown etiology and unpredictable progression. Laboratory biomarkers play a key role in assisting diagnosis and management of IBD, as well as reducing the risk of cancer development. Annual colonoscopies can help lower the risk of colorectal cancer in patients with ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Rita Modesto, Joao Estarreja, Ines Silva, Joao Rocha, Rui Pinto, Vanessa Mateus
Summary: Animal models are important tools for studying the mechanistic basis of cancer-related inflammation. Several inflammatory mediators have been found to play specific roles in the initiation and perpetuation of colitis and colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CACC). There is currently no consensus on the induction method for CACC models. Parameters commonly used to characterize the models include body weight, stool consistency, inflammatory and angiogenesis markers, presence of ulcers, colon thickness or hyperemia, and histological evaluation of inflammation.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Maya Ruban, Adam Slavick, Achiya Amir, Amir Ben-Tov, Hadar Moran-Lev, Yael Weintraub, Adi Anafy, Shlomi Cohen, Anat Yerushalmy-Feler
Summary: The rate of a positive family history of IBD in the pediatric IBD population is increasing, and patients with a positive family history are more likely to have a severe phenotype, receive more nutritional therapy, and less corticosteroids. Patients with a negative family history may require intensified biologic therapy.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Yali Zhang, Mahreen Fatima, Siyuan Hou, Liang Bai, Sihai Zhao, Enqi Liu
Summary: Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease that can lead to vascular stenosis and plaque rupture, posing a threat to human health. Various animal models, with mice and rabbits being the most commonly used ones, have been employed for atherosclerosis research. However, these animal models do not entirely replicate human atherosclerotic lesions in terms of location, composition and structure, emphasizing the importance of selecting an appropriate model for research purposes and including quantitative analysis of lesion size and plaque composition.
MOLECULAR MEDICINE REPORTS
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Shuangyuan Hu, Pengfei Wei, Wei Li, Qingsong Liu, Shuanglan Chen, Caiyu Hu, Xiaochuan Guo, Xiao Ma, Jinhao Zeng, Yi Zhang
Summary: Berberine (BBR) has therapeutic effects in ulcerative colitis (UC) by reducing disease activity, preventing colon damage and weight loss. It modulates multiple mechanisms including inflammation, oxidative stress, and barrier function.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Luca Reggiani Bonetti, Giuseppe Leoncini, Marco Daperno, Maria Beatrice Principi, Carla Baronchelli, Stefania Manenti, Flavio Caprioli, Alessandro Armuzzi, Alessandro Caputo, Paola Parente, Moris Cadei, Vincenzo Villanacci
Summary: This paper reviews the main histomorphological characteristics of various Non-IBD colitides, including infectious colitis, ischemic colitis, etc. The diagnosis of these diseases relies on the histopathological examination of endoscopic biopsies of the gastrointestinal tract.
DIGESTIVE AND LIVER DISEASE
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tyler Atagozli, David E. Elliott, Mirac Nedim Ince
Summary: Helminths are multicellular invertebrates that live in the gut of vertebrate animals, including humans. They can cause pathology and require treatment, but can also have commensal or symbiotic relationships with their hosts. Epidemiological data suggests that helminth exposure may provide protection against immune disorders, such as allergies and autoimmune illnesses.
Article
Pathology
Zhiyan Fu, Michel Kmeid, Soe Htet Arker, Georgi Lukose, Edward C. Lee, Gregory Y. Lauwers, Hwajeong Lee
Summary: This study aimed to identify histologic features of diverted colon segments in IBD patients and found that severe inflammatory activity, mucosal atrophy, and transmural inflammation were significantly greater in IBD patients compared to non-IBD cases. The inflammatory activity, presence of ulcer(s), IMLAs, TMLAs, and transmural inflammation in diverted colon segments of IBD patients may reflect the severity of underlying IBD.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Aonghus Lavelle, Stephane Nancey, Jean-Marie Reimund, David Laharie, Philippe Marteau, Xavier Treton, Matthieu Allez, Xavier Roblin, Georgia Malamut, Cyriane Oeuvray, Nathalie Rolhion, Xavier Dray, Dominique Rainteau, Antonin Lamaziere, Emilie Gauliard, Julien Kirchgesner, Laurent Beaugerie, Philippe Seksik, Laurent Peyrin-Biroulet, Harry Sokol
Summary: This study investigated the association between gut microbiota, bile acids, and colorectal cancer in IBD patients. The results found that specific bacterial taxa were associated with cancer, while bile acids were not. Additionally, clustering analysis identified microbiota clusters associated with clinical features.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Javier Conde, Marlene Schwarzfischer, Egle Katkeviciute, Janine Hafliger, Anna Niechcial, Nathalie Brillant, Roberto Manzini, Katharina Babler, Kirstin Atrott, Silvia Lang, Michael Scharl
Summary: This study investigated the interaction between the food additive TiO2 and the IBD risk gene Ptpn2 in the development of intestinal inflammation. Results showed that TiO2 exacerbated intestinal inflammation in Ptpn2 deficient mice by impacting the differentiation of intestinal macrophages. Furthermore, TiO2 was found to induce the secretion of IL-1 beta and suppress the expression of IL-10 in macrophages through different signaling pathways.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Shixuan Weiwei, Shixuan Wang, Decai Hou, Libin Zhan
Summary: Osteosarcopenia is a significant health concern caused by the aging process. This review outlines different animal modeling approaches for osteosarcopenia, categorizing them into five categories and evaluating their strengths and weaknesses to facilitate high-quality research outcomes. The most widely used approaches are aging and chemical injection models, known for their reproducibility and cost-effectiveness.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Surgery
J. A. Bunce, B. Doleman, J. N. Lund, G. M. Tierney
Summary: This study investigated the impact of surgeon subspeciality on outcomes after emergency laparotomy for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). It found that colorectal surgeons had significantly better outcomes in terms of mortality and length of stay for the least urgent category of IBD emergency laparotomies. However, this association was not seen in more urgent cases.
WORLD JOURNAL OF SURGERY
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Kiran Bora, Neetu Kushwah, Meenakshi Maurya, Madeline C. Pavlovich, Zhongxiao Wang, Jing Chen
Summary: This article summarizes the major molecular signaling pathways involved in the development and maintenance of the inner blood-retinal barrier (iBRB), as well as representative animal models of eye diseases. The study highlights the research on the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway. Additionally, various methods for detecting and analyzing vascular leakage are described. These experimental models and methods are valuable in understanding the molecular mechanisms of retinal vascular diseases and evaluating therapeutic drugs.
Review
Environmental Sciences
Fang-fang Yu, Juan Zuo, Lei Sun, Shui-yuan Yu, Xiao-li Lei, Jun-hua Zhu, Guo-yu Zhou, Xiong Guo, Yue Ba
Summary: This article investigates the etiological mechanisms and animal models of Kashin-Beck disease (KBD). Four etiological hypotheses have been formed based on epidemiological, cellular, and animal model studies on environmental risk factors (ERFs). Animal models of KBD have been replicated using different interventions and species, and the clinical manifestations and pathological changes have been observed. The methods and comparisons of different animal models provide a basis for studying the pathogenesis of KBD.
ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Tarfa Altorki, Werner Muller, Andrew Brass, Sheena Cruickshank
Summary: The study found that the lack of functional beta(2) integrin significantly reduces dendritic cell migration to the site of infection during nematode worm infection, but not to the lymph nodes. However, the absence of functional beta(2) integrin did not negatively impact T cell activation in response to the infection.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Ludmila Prokunina-Olsson, Robert D. Morrison, Adeola Obajemu, Almahamoudou Mahamar, Sungduk Kim, Oumar Attaher, Oscar Florez-Vargas, Youssoufa Sidibe, Olusegun O. Onabajo, Amy A. Hutchinson, Michelle Manning, Jennifer Kwan, Nathan Brand, Alassane Dicko, Michal Fried, Paul S. Albert, Sam M. Mbulaiteye, Patrick E. Duffy
Summary: Genetic polymorphisms in the IFNL3/IFNL4 genomic region have been associated with hepatitis C virus clearance, and may also play a role in immune response to other pathogens. In a cohort of 914 Malian children, specific variants were found to be associated with earlier onset of gastrointestinal infections, with IFN-lambda 4 identified as the primary functional cause of increased overall risk and younger age at first clinical episodes of common pediatric infections.
GENES AND IMMUNITY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Olga Marcela Medina Perez, Oscar Florez-Vargas, Giovanna Rincon Cruz, Fernando Rondon Gonzalez, Linda Rocha Munoz, Luz Helena Sanchez Rodriguez
Summary: The study identified significant associations between SNPs in glutathione-related genes and the negative impact of mercury on kidney function, with specific genetic variants correlating with urinary mercury clearance rate and renal biomarker levels. Interactions between different SNP pairs were also found to influence urinary mercury levels, suggesting a potential role for genetic modulation in mercury nephrotoxicity.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Gurdeep Singh, Andrew Brass, Sheena M. Cruickshank, Christopher G. Knight
Summary: Findings from a mouse gut microbiome experiment show that host social groups, age, and niche significantly impact the microbial community structure. This study suggests the importance of considering environmental factors in microbiome research to understand how gut microbial communities are affected by various ecological and experimental factors.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Biology
A. Rouf Banday, Olusegun O. Onabajo, Seraph Han-Yin Lin, Adeola Obajemu, Joselin M. Vargas, Krista A. Delviks-Frankenberry, Philippe Lamy, Ariunaa Bayanjargal, Clara Zettelmeyer, Oscar Florez-Vargas, Vinay K. Pathak, Lars Dyrskjot, Ludmila Prokunina-Olsson
Summary: Research shows that different isoforms of APOBEC3B enzyme can impact progression-free survival in bladder cancer patients, with mutagenic isoforms correlating with shorter survival. By manipulating the inclusion/skipping of specific exons, it is possible to modulate the production of mutagenic enzymes and potentially limit APOBEC-mediated mutagenesis.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medical Informatics
Faisal Albalwy, Andrew Brass, Angela Davies
Summary: This study describes a blockchain-based system called ConsentChain that provides a web portal interface to support clinical genomic sharing. ConsentChain allows patients to grant or withdraw data requester access and allows data requesters to query and submit access to data stored in a secure off-chain database. An ontology model was also developed to represent patient consent elements into machine-readable codes to automate the consent and data access processes.
JMIR MEDICAL INFORMATICS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Laura E. Beane Freeman, Manolis Kogevinas, Kenneth P. Cantor, Cristina M. Villanueva, Ludmila Prokunina-Olsson, Oscar Florez-Vargas, Jonine D. Figueroa, Mary H. Ward, Stella Koutros, Dalsu Baris, Montserrat Garcia-Closas, Molly Schwenn, Allison Johnson, Consol Serra, Adonina Tardon, Reina Garcia-Closas, Alfredo Carrato, Nuria Malats, Margaret R. Karagas, Nathaniel Rothman, Debra T. Silverman
Summary: This study investigated the combined effect on bladder cancer risk contributed by TTHMs, bladder cancer susceptibility variants identified through genome-wide association studies, and variants in several candidate genes. The results showed that rs907611 at 11p15.5 exhibited the strongest associations in the highest exposure category in both studies, with evidence of interaction.
ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES
(2022)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Videha Sharma, Iliada Eleftheriou, Sabine N. van der Veer, Andrew Brass, Titus Augustine, John Ainsworth, Videha Sharma
Summary: This study applied data journey modeling to understand the interoperability, data access, and workflow requirements of a regional multicenter kidney transplant service. The findings showed that human actors were the central focus of data movement, and the current IT landscape did not effectively support the workflow, resulting in administrative burden and delays.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INTERNET RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
A. Rouf Banday, Megan L. Stanifer, Oscar Florez-Vargas, Olusegun O. Onabajo, Brenen W. Papenberg, Muhammad A. Zahoor, Lisa Mirabello, Timothy J. Ring, Chia-Han Lee, Paul S. Albert, Evangelos Andreakos, Evgeny Arons, Greg Barsh, Leslie G. Biesecker, David L. Boyle, Mark S. Brahier, Andrea Burnett-Hartman, Mary Carrington, Euijin Chang, Pyoeng Gyun Choe, Rex L. Chisholm, Leandro M. Colli, Clifton L. Dalgard, Carolynn M. Dude, Jeff Edberg, Nathan Erdmann, Heather S. Feigelson, Benedito A. Fonseca, Gary S. Firestein, Adam J. Gehring, Cuncai Guo, Michelle Ho, Steven Holland, Amy A. Hutchinson, Hogune Im, Les'Shon Irby, Michael G. Ison, Naima T. Joseph, Hong Bin Kim, Robert J. Kreitman, Bruce R. Korf, Steven M. Lipkin, Siham M. Mahgoub, Iman Mohammed, Guilherme L. Paschoalini, Jennifer A. Pacheco, Michael J. Peluso, Daniel J. Rader, David T. Redden, Marylyn D. Ritchie, Brooke Rosenblum, M. Elizabeth Ross, Hanaisa P. Sant Anna, Sharon A. Savage, Sudha Sharma, Eleni Siouti, Alicia K. Smith, Vasiliki Triantafyllia, Joselin M. Vargas, Jose D. Vargas, Anurag Verma, Vibha Vij, Duane R. Wesemann, Meredith Yeager, Xu Yu, Yu Zhang, Steeve Boulant, Stephen J. Chanock, Jordan J. Feld, Ludmila Prokunina-Olsson
Summary: This study focuses on the association between the genetic locus encoding OAS1-OAS3 antiviral proteins and the severity of COVID-19. The analysis reveals that the risk of hospitalized COVID-19 is associated with a common OAS1 haplotype, which is also linked to reduced clearance of SARS-CoV-2. Further investigations indicate the functional contribution of specific OAS1 gene variants associated with the risk haplotype in protein abundance.
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Deepak Selvakumar, Dolan Evans, Katharine Z. Coyte, John McLaughlin, Andy Brass, Laura Hancock, Sheena Cruickshank
Summary: The gut microbiota has a symbiotic relationship with the host and plays an important role in maintaining gut health. Altered gut microbiota is common in gastrointestinal diseases, but the causal relationship with disease pathogenesis is poorly understood. NEC and IBD are severe inflammatory diseases affecting the gastrointestinal tract, and both demonstrate dysbiosis of gut microbiota and dysregulated host immune response. By comparing changes in gut microbiota and host immune response, common features in clinically unrelated diseases can be identified.
FRONTLINE GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Samuel Hyman, Jiawei Zhang, Zorana Jovanovic Andersen, Sheena Cruickshank, Peter Moller, Konstantinos Daras, Richard Williams, David Topping, Youn-Hee Lim
Summary: Exposure to outdoor air pollution is associated with higher rates of severe COVID-19, as indicated by hospitalizations and deaths. Particulate matter (PM2.5, PM10), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), sulphur dioxide (SO2), and benzene show significant positive associations with COVID-19 hospital admissions. PM2.5, PM10, SO2, and benzene also show significant positive associations with COVID-19 mortality. These associations are stronger in older individuals, those who are overweight or obese, current smokers, and individuals with underlying comorbidities.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Thomas J. Bannan, James Evans, Jack S. Benton, Pete Edwards, Sebastian Diez, Nicholas Marsden, Michael Flynn, Hugh Coe, Clare Burke, Ettore Murabito, Jamie Anderson, Sheena M. Cruickshank, David Topping
Summary: This paper introduces a comprehensive approach used by the Manchester Urban Observatory to monitor the effectiveness of interventions implemented within cities and discusses effective communication strategies with local communities.
FRONTIERS IN SUSTAINABLE CITIES
(2022)
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Anthony Wilson, Haroon Saeed, Catherine Pringle, Iliada Eleftheriou, Paul A. Bromiley, Andy Brass
Summary: The article discusses the challenges of digital transformation and artificial intelligence in healthcare, highlighting the difficulties of implementing AI projects in clinical settings. It reflects on the experiences of UK healthcare professionals and academics in building AI solutions and provides ten practical tips for success.
BMJ HEALTH & CARE INFORMATICS
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Diego Salazar, Juan Rios, Sara Aceros, Oscar Florez-Vargas, Carlos Valencia
Summary: The integration of data from different sources using NMF and jNMF methods can facilitate clustering and interpretation, but they may not effectively identify nonlinear patterns. A new variant called Kernel jNMF is proposed to address this limitation, showing better performance in clustering and interpretation.