Review
Oncology
Ram Kumar Sahu, Sakina Ruhi, Ashok Kumar Jeppu, Husni Ahmed Al-Goshae, Ayesha Syed, Sanjay Nagdev, Retno Widyowati, Wiwied Ekasari, Jiyauddin Khan, Bedanta Bhattacharjee, Manoj Goyal, Sankha Bhattacharya, Rajendra K. Jangde
Summary: Malignant mesothelioma is a rare and aggressive tumor that develops in the mesothelium layer and is highly resistant to standard treatments. Despite the worldwide ban on asbestos, the prevalence of mesothelioma continues to increase. Diagnosis and treatment of mesothelioma are challenging, and current treatments are largely ineffective. However, recent advances in understanding the genetics and molecular pathophysiology of mesothelioma have been made, particularly in the hippo signaling pathway.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
European Assoc Study Liver
Summary: Hepatitis D virus (HDV) is a defective virus that relies on hepatitis B virus to cause liver damage. It is highly aggressive and responsible for rare acute and chronic liver diseases. Acute infection can lead to liver failure, while persistent infection is associated with rapid progression to cirrhosis and its complications.
JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Angela Polito, Lorenzo Barnaba, Donatella Ciarapica, Elena Azzini
Summary: Osteosarcopenia is a condition characterized by the co-occurrence of osteopenia/osteoporosis and sarcopenia, with various genetic, biochemical, mechanical, and lifestyle factors contributing to its pathogenesis. Inadequate nutritional status and reduced physical activity are key risk factors for osteosarcopenia. Clinical studies have shown associations between osteosarcopenia and frailty, falls, fractures, and certain non-communicable diseases. Exercise and proper nutrition are important strategies for preventing and treating osteosarcopenia.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Thirumalaisamy P. Velavan, Srinivas R. Pallerla, Reimar Johne, Daniel Todt, Eike Steinmann, Mathias Schemmerer, Juergen J. Wenzel, Joerg Hofmann, James Wai Kuo Shih, Heiner Wedemeyer, Claus-Thomas Bock
Summary: Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a major cause of acute hepatitis, with a global burden that is often underestimated. The virus is clinically relevant not only in developing countries, but also in industrialized nations. HEV is transmitted through various routes, including waterborne outbreaks in developing countries and zoonotic food-borne infections in developed countries. Infection can have serious consequences for pregnant women, organ transplant recipients, and immunosuppressed patients.
LIVER INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Pietro Lampertico, Dominique Roulot, Heiner Wedemeyer
Summary: Chronic hepatitis D (CHD) is the most severe form of viral hepatitis, with increased risk of cirrhosis, hepatic decompensation, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Pegylated-interferon-a (pegIFNa) is the only off-label therapeutic option, but it has suboptimal response rates and poor tolerability. Among the new treatment strategies, the entry inhibitor bulevirtide (BLV) has gained conditional approval from the European Medicines Agency (EMA) and has shown efficacy and safety in clinical studies and real-world usage. BLV treatment could potentially improve the long-term prognosis of difficult-to-manage CHD patients.
JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Plant Sciences
Dan Norback, Gunilla Wieslander
Summary: Buckwheat allergy is a neglected but noteworthy allergy, with identified allergenic proteins that cross-react with other foods. The prevalence among populations consuming buckwheat in Japan, Korea, and China is estimated to be around 0.1-0.4%, with severe allergic reactions such as anaphylaxis being relatively rare.
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Zhongyuan Li, Ying Yang, Miaomiao Liu, Chenghua Zhang, Junjing Shao, Xuewen Hou, Jingzhen Tian, Qinghua Cui
Summary: The review summarizes the literature published since 2010 on the chemical constituents, biological activities, toxicity studies, and clinical trials of Ficus carica Linn. leaves, highlighting their potential benefits in diabetes, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer activities.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Seon-Joo Park, Anshul Sharma, Hae-Jeung Lee
Summary: Overweight and obesity are global public health concerns that are increasing rapidly. Probiotics have been shown to have benefits against obesity, and postbiotics, which are bacteria-free extracts and nonviable microorganisms, are being favored over regular probiotics. This review gathers comprehensive data on the ability of postbiotics to combat obesity and discusses their anti-obesity effects in cellular, animal, and clinical studies, suggesting that postbiotics could be a promising dietary intervention for obesity prevention and management.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Erica Scirocco, Francesco Cellini, Alice Zamagni, Gabriella Macchia, Francesco Deodato, Savino Cilla, Lidia Strigari, Milly Buwenge, Stefania Rizzo, Silvia Cammelli, Alessio Giuseppe Morganti
Summary: For advanced cancer patients, the combination of low-dose fractionated radiotherapy and concurrent chemotherapy showed higher clinical response rates and improved therapeutic outcomes compared to chemotherapy alone. Although level I evidence was lacking, the studies analyzed suggested similar tolerability between combined treatment and chemotherapy alone.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Ylenia Capodanno, Barbara Altieri, Richard Elders, Annamaria Colao, Antongiulio Faggiano, Joerg Schrader
Summary: Canine malignant insulinoma shares similarities with human malignant insulinoma, including high recurrence rate, poor prognosis, and high incidence of metastasis. From a comparative oncology perspective, canine malignant insulinoma may serve as a model for human malignant insulinoma.
TRANSLATIONAL ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Alessandra Bracigliano, Fabiana Tatangelo, Francesco Perri, Giuseppe Di Lorenzo, Roberto Tafuto, Alessandro Ottaiano, Ottavia Clemente, Maria Luisa Barretta, Nunzia Simona Losito, Mariachiara Santorsola, Salvatore Tafuto
Summary: Tumors of nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses are rare malignancies with different histological features and clinical behavior. There is a lack of standardized therapeutic strategies due to the extreme rarity of these neoplasms. Studies suggest that specific gene mutations may play a role in the development of these tumors, highlighting the importance of genetic assessment for future therapeutic implications.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Zuoqing Han, Rongkuan Li, Zhiwei Zhong, Yuetong Piao, Rong Guo
Summary: Nighttime snacking has clinical efficacy in patients with hepatitis B cirrhosis, leading to improvements in liver function, clinical indicators, sarcopenia correction, and malnutrition-related complications. This study provides new ideas for clinical nutritional intervention.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yuichi Sugimoto, Yusuke Kurita, Takamichi Kuwahara, Motokazu Satou, Koki Meguro, Kunihiro Hosono, Kensuke Kubota, Kazuo Hara, Atsushi Nakajima
Summary: The study evaluated the diagnostic ability of artificial intelligence (AI) based on clinical biomarkers in diagnosing malignant distal bile duct obstruction. AI value for malignant distal bile duct obstruction was calculated using clinical parameters, and compared with alkaline phosphatase (ALP), intrahepatic bile duct (IHBD) diameter, and total bile duct (CBD) diameter. AI showed superior diagnostic capabilities compared to other factors, with a sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of 83.1%, 87.2%, and 85.9% respectively.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Darya Morozov, Neda Parvin, Mark Conaway, Gavin Oxley, Edwin J. Baldelomar, Aleksandra Cwiek, Kim deRonde, Scott C. Beeman, Jennifer R. Charlton, Kevin M. Bennett
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of estimating nephron number using biopsy and imaging techniques, as well as the influence of sample size and biopsy location on the estimates. The results showed that single biopsy and virtual biopsy had moderate accuracy in estimating nephron number, and single biopsy could detect differences in nephron number among large cohorts of subjects.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Ben L. Da
Summary: Chronic hepatitis D infection lacks effective treatment options, but multiple investigational therapies are being evaluated. There is significant variability in the endpoints used to evaluate these therapies, and the optimal way to measure success in clinical trials remains unknown and will continue to evolve.
