Article
Cell Biology
Shachaf Shiber, Vitaly Kliminski, Katia Orvin, Iftach Sagy, Mordehay Vaturi, Ran Kornowski, Michael Drescher, Yair Molad
Summary: The study demonstrates that plasma sTREM-1 levels are significantly elevated in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS), serving as a potential biomarker to differentiate ACS from nonspecific chest pain (NSCP) and predict severity and outcome of ACS.
MEDIATORS OF INFLAMMATION
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Anastasios Panagopoulos, Saurabhi Samant, Jules Joel Bakhos, Martin Liu, Behram Khan, Janaki Makadia, Fayaz Muhammad, Forrest M. Kievit, Devendra K. Agrawal, Yiannis S. Chatzizisis
Summary: TREM-1 is a transmembrane protein that plays an important role in the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis. Activation of TREM-1 pathways leads to inflammation and plaque destabilization. Inhibiting TREM-1 can attenuate the inflammatory process and promote plaque stabilization.
PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2022)
Review
Rheumatology
Steven O'Reilly
Summary: SSc is an autoimmune disease characterized by vascular abnormalities, inflammation, and fibrosis of the skin and lungs. Inflammation and fibrosis are closely connected in this disease, and Toll-like receptors play a significant role in its pathogenesis and may be a potential target for therapeutic intervention.
Article
Cell Biology
Zhenghao Wu, Zhuoshuo Xu, Xiaoqi Zhou, Heli Li, Liang Zhao, Yibing Lv, Yanyan Guo, Guanxin Shen, Yong He, Ping Lei
Summary: This study demonstrates that sGRP78 mediates inflammation resolution by promoting LPS endocytosis and autophagy-dependent degradation of TLR4. This provides innovative mechanisms for endotoxin clearance and immune regulation.
CELL DEATH & DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Hematology
Juliana M. Navia-Pelaez, Colin Agatisa-Boyle, Soo-Ho Choi, Yi Sak Kim, Shenglin Li, Elena Alekseeva, Kimberly Weldy, Yury I. Miller
Summary: The plasma membrane of macrophages in atherosclerotic lesions may undergo reprogramming to maintain inflammarafts, which serve as platforms for assembling inflammatory receptor complexes.
ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Matheus Mulling dos Santos, Alessandro de Souza Prestes, Gabriel Teixeira de Macedo, Sabrina Antunes Ferreira, Joao Luis Souza Vargas, Luana Caroline Schuler, Andreza Fabro de Bem, Nilda de Vargas Barbosa
Summary: Syzigium cumini leaf extract (ScExt) has shown to protect macrophages from oxLDL-mediated toxicity by preventing overproduction of reactive oxygen/nitrogen species and foam cell formation induced by oxLDL. These protective effects make ScExt a promising antioxidant for future trials in atherosclerosis prevention.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Divanshu Shukla, Ashok Patidar, Uddipan Sarma, Prashant Chauhan, Surya Prakash Pandey, Himanshu Singh Chandel, Neelam Bodhale, Soumya Kanti Ghosh, Carlos Alberto Guzman, Thomas Ebensen, Ricardo Silvestre, Arup Sarkar, Bhaskar Saha, Surajit Bhattacharjee
Summary: TLRs on host cells recognize PAMPs on pathogens and trigger immune responses. Leishmania infection alters TLR interdependency, revealing a unique immune evasive mechanism. Targeting TLR interdependency can induce a host-protective immune response against intracellular pathogens.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Shukai Lyu, Zhuoqing Lan, Caixia Li
Summary: TREM2 is a membrane receptor on myeloid cells that plays an important role in the body's immune defense. It is associated with ApoE and is involved in Alzheimer's disease, neuroinflammation, and traumatic brain injury. Understanding their correlation may provide therapeutic targets for certain diseases.
CHINESE MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Martin Liu, Anastasios Nikolaos Panagopoulos, Usama M. M. Oguz, Saurabhi Samant, Charu Hasini Vasa, Devendra K. K. Agrawal, Yiannis S. S. Chatzizisis
Summary: Low shear stress induces TREM-1 expression and increases production of inflammatory mediators and matrix-degrading enzymes, while high shear stress does not significantly affect TREM-1 and inflammatory mediators. Inhibition of TREM-1 transcription can reduce the production of vascular inflammatory mediators and matrix-degrading enzymes under low shear stress conditions.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Martin Liu, Anastasios Nikolaos Panagopoulos, Usama M. Oguz, Saurabhi Samant, Charu Hasini Vasa, Devendra K. Agrawal, Yiannis S. Chatzizisis
Summary: This study investigated the role of TREM-1 in the signaling pathways linking low shear stress to inflammation. The results showed that low shear stress increased TREM-1 expression and led to increased production of inflammatory mediators and matrix-degrading enzymes. Inhibition of TREM-1 reduced the production of inflammatory mediators and enzymes under low shear stress conditions. This study provides important insights into the pathophysiological association and molecular pathways of low shear stress, TREM-1, and inflammation.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kenjiro Bandow, Avi Smith, Jonathan Garlick
Summary: TREM2 is the causative gene for Nasu-Hakola disease, associated with bone cysts and leukoencephalopathy, and is also linked to the onset of Alzheimer's disease. TREM2 is expressed on immune cells and can be shed from the cell membrane as soluble TREM2 (sTREM2). Research has shown that sTREM2 has cytokine-like functions in macrophages.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Siobhan Branfield, A. Valance Washington
Summary: This article discusses the structural features and potential functions of the triggering receptor TLT-1 on platelets, as well as its interaction with αIIb β3. It emphasizes the challenges in understanding the function of TLT-1.
Article
Cell Biology
Karsten Grote, Marina Nicolai, Uwe Schubert, Bernhard Schieffer, Christian Troidl, Klaus T. Preissner, Stefan Bauer, Silvia Fischer
Summary: The study demonstrated that self-extracellular RNA can interact with TLR2 ligands and enhance innate immune responses under pathological conditions, suggesting it as a new target for the treatment of bacterial and viral infections.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yoichi Takimoto, Po-sung Chu, Nobuhiro Nakamoto, Yuya Hagihara, Yohei Mikami, Kentar Miyamoto, Rei Morikawa, Toshiaki Teratani, Nobuhito Taniki, Sota Fujimori, Takahiro Suzuki, Yuzo Koda, Rino Ishihara, Masataka Ichikawa, Akira Honda, Takanori Kanai
Summary: The resolution process of liver fibrosis after liver injury withdrawal is still not fully understood. In this study, the pro-fibrogenic role of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling in tissue fibroblasts was explored. Interestingly, pharmacological inhibition of TLR4 signaling in vivo in two murine models resulted in a significant delay in fibrosis resolution. Single-cell transcriptome analysis revealed a cluster of Tlr4-expressing myeloid cells that played a restorative role in the resolution process. Further investigation suggested a microbiome-dependent nature of the delayed resolution after gut sterilization. These findings provide insights into the pro-fibrolytic role of myeloid TLR4 signaling and potential targets for anti-fibrotic therapy.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Fernando Torres Andon, Sergio Leon, Aldo Ummarino, Esther Redin, Paola Allavena, Diego Serrano, Clement Anfray, Alfonso Calvo
Summary: TLRs serve as natural initial triggers of immune responses and hold potential in cancer immunotherapy. Intratumoral injection of TLR agonists achieves high local drug exposure and strong antitumor response, potentially leading to cure and antitumor immunological memory.