Article
Immunology
Lore Van Damme, Natasja Cox, Chana Callens, Michelle Dargatz, Monika Fluegel, Sarah Hark, Frank Thiemann, Stefan Pelzer, Freddy Haesebrouck, Richard Ducatelle, Filip Van Immerseel, Evy Goossens
Summary: Clostridium perfringens produces ECM-degrading enzymes that play a role in avian necrotic enteritis. Different variants of the colA gene encoding collagenase were identified, with some variants linked to necrotic enteritis strains. Truncated collagenases may contribute to the pathology of necrotic enteritis by degrading collagen type IV in the intestinal villi.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Julia Bruggisser, Ioan Iacovache, Samuel C. Musson, Matteo T. Degiacomi, Horst Posthaus, Benoit Zuber
Summary: This study describes the structure of Clostridium perfringens beta-toxin (CPB) and its formation of an octameric pore complex with unique structural features. The research also identifies CPB as a member of a new subclass of the hemolysin-like family. Additionally, the study demonstrates that the structure of the pore can be modified without affecting its pore-forming ability, making it attractive for macromolecule sensing and nanotechnology. The cryo-electron microscopy structure of the CPB octameric pore will contribute to future developments in nanotechnology and basic research.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Masahiro Nagahama, Keiko Kobayashi, Masaya Takehara
Summary: The study found that lysosomal proteases cathepsin B and L facilitate the internalization of iota-toxin by activating ASMase, indicating their role in the cytotoxicity caused by the toxin.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Anna Serroni, Claudia Colabella, Deborah Cruciani, Marcella Ciullo, Silvia Crotti, Paola Papa, Antonella Di Paolo, Marco Gobbi, Katia Forti, Martina Pellegrini, Romolo Salini, Nicoletta D'Avino, Monica Cagiola, Giovanni Pezzotti, Antonio De Giuseppe
Summary: A direct sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (sELISA) was developed for the detection of the atypical beta 2-toxin (CPB2) of Clostridium perfringens. The sELISA showed high sensitivity and specificity for the detection of the atypical CPB2 toxin, making it a promising tool for diagnosis.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Jill Derix, Richard Ducatelle, Bart Pardon, Evi Croes, Niels Groot Nibbelink, Linda Van Deurzen-Duineveld, Filip Van Immerseel, Evy Goossens
Summary: Necro-hemorrhagic enteritis in calves, caused by Clos-tridium perfringens type A, is a fatal disease affecting calves in intensive rearing systems. Lack of development of active immunity against alpha toxin is the main trigger. This study investigates the effect of milk replacer components on alpha toxin production and the effect of lactose on antibody production.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
John W. Finnie, Francisco A. Uzal
Summary: Clostridium perfringens type D epsilon toxin (ETX) causes severe neurological disease in ruminant livestock and is of worldwide distribution. The toxin can reach the brain through the bloodstream, leading to neurologic syndromes. ETX is also listed as a potential bioterrorism agent.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Luis F. Soto, Ana C. Romani, Gabriel Jimenez-Avalos, Yshoner Silva, Carla M. Ordinola-Ramirez, Rainer M. Lopez Lapa, David Requena
Summary: This study computationally screened the whole proteome of Clostridium perfringens and identified highly immunogenic proteins, domains, and epitopes. They found potential recombinant vaccine candidates, a potential sub-unit vaccine, and designed a multi-epitope protein. These findings are important for the development of safe and effective vaccines against C. perfringens infection.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Hassan Zgheib, Yanath Belguesmia, Rabah Boukherroub, Djamel Drider
Summary: A novel approach was developed to improve the anti-Clostridium perfringens activity of EntDD14 by loading it onto alginate nanoparticles, resulting in a formulation with reduced minimum inhibitory concentration and no cytotoxicity in eukaryotic cells. This formulation down-regulated the expression of genes encoding clostridial toxins, suggesting a potential strategy to counteract the pathogenicity of C. perfringens.
PROBIOTICS AND ANTIMICROBIAL PROTEINS
(2021)
Review
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Francisco A. Uzal, Federico Giannitti, Javier Asin
Summary: Yellow lamb disease is a poorly understood condition in young sheep caused by certain strains of Clostridium perfringens type A. It is characterized by hemolysis, jaundice, and anemia. Diagnosis of the disease is challenging due to the presence of the microorganism in the intestines of healthy sheep. There is currently no specific vaccine for yellow lamb disease.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jie Li, Xiaoyu Huang, Kaihui Xie, Juanli Zhang, Jiaojiao Yang, Zunqiang Yan, Shuangbao Gun
Summary: S100A9 plays an important role in C. perfringens type C-induced infectious diarrhea. Overexpression of S100A9 exacerbates cell damage and inflammatory response, inhibits cell proliferation, and disrupts cell-cell tight junctions. In contrast, inhibition of S100A9 expression alleviates inflammatory injury caused by infectious diarrhea.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Wei Wan, Yue Li, Jing Wang, Zhiying Jin, Wenwen Xin, Lin Kang, Junhong Wang, Xiaoyang Li, Yakun Cao, Hao Yang, Jinglin Wang, Shan Gao
Summary: In this study, a new type of dissolving microneedle patch (dMN) with a nanoparticle adjuvant was developed to enhance immune response and deliver the rETX(Y196E)-C protein vaccine. The dMN vaccine showed good mechanical properties, immunogenicity, and protection, effectively preventing ETX poisoning.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Mohammad Ali Shamshirgaran, Mehdi Golchin, Elham Mohammadi
Summary: In this study, a recombinant Lactobacillus casei strain expressing the NetB protein of Clostridium perfringens was used as a probiotic-based vector vaccine to immunize broiler chickens against necrotic enteritis. The vaccinated birds showed significant protection against the disease and developed strong antibody responses. This study suggests that a probiotic-based vector vaccine could be a promising candidate for controlling necrotic enteritis in broiler chickens.
APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Xiu Zeng, Baosheng Liu, Jiao Zhou, Yimin Dai, Chunsheng Han, Linkang Wang, Yunzheng Wu, Jinhua Zhang
Summary: Clostridium perfringens is a common opportunistic pathogen with pathogenicity dependent on toxin production. Analysis of the genome of a piglet-derived strain revealed the presence of two toxin genes, with cpb2 located on a large plasmid.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Siyu Zhang, Lingling Ma, Fuyang Song, Dong Wang, Kesong Shi, Yong Li, Jin Zeng, Yujiong Wang
Summary: This study found that Clostridium perfringens toxin CPB-1 induces macrophage and endothelial cell pyroptosis through the NLRP3 inflammasome and Caspase-1 pathway. The results suggest that NLRP3 may be a potential therapeutic target for Clostridium perfringens disease.
Article
Immunology
Kyung-Woo Lee, Hyun S. Lillehoj
Summary: Necrotic enteritis (NE) is a devastating enteric disease caused by Clostridium perfringens type A/G that impacts the global poultry industry. Coccidiosis is a major contributing factor to NE. Recent studies have shown that NetB toxin is the primary virulence factor in NE pathogenesis, although there is emerging evidence suggesting the involvement of other toxins. Understanding the interaction between NetB toxin and other potential virulence factors of C. perfringens is crucial for a better characterization of NE pathogenesis.