Review
Oncology
Renshuai Zhang, Jingsen Meng, Shanbo Yang, Wenjing Liu, Lingyu Shi, Jun Zeng, Jing Chang, Bing Liang, Ning Liu, Dongming Xing
Summary: The hypoxic state of the tumor microenvironment leads to the reprogramming of lipid metabolism in tumor cells. Adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) is an important lipid metabolism-regulating enzyme that is regulated under hypoxia induction. However, the role of ATGL in tumorigenesis varies depending on the cancer cell type and site of tumor formation.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Rucha Patel, Anna Santoro, Peter Hofer, Dan Tan, Monika Oberer, Andrew T. Nelson, Srihari Konduri, Dionicio Siegel, Rudolf Zechner, Alan Saghatelian, Barbara B. Kahn
Summary: In this study, the researchers identified adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) as the first biosynthetic enzyme for the formation of the FAHFA ester bond in mammals. They found that ATGL uses transacylase activity to esterify hydroxy fatty acids (HFAs) with fatty acids (FAs) from triglycerides (TGs) or diglycerides (DGs) to produce FAHFAs. The expression of ATGL and the activity of DGAT were found to be closely associated with FAHFA biosynthesis.
Article
Immunology
Kang Liu, Songsong Liu, Chou Wu, Yuwei Wang, Yurou Zhang, Jingsu Yu, Siqi Liu, Xiangling Li, Xinyu Qi, Songtao Su, Xinyi Qi, Lei Zhou, Yixing Li
Summary: Hepatic fat metabolism is disrupted in overnutrition and obesity, resulting in the development of NAFLD. Plant alkaloids, including rhynchophylline (RHY), show potential for NAFLD prevention and treatment. RHY was found to reduce triglyceride accumulation, increase energy metabolism, and alleviate oxidative stress in cell models of high-fat diet (HFD). In mice fed an HFD, RHY improved liver steatosis, reduced fat deposition, promoted energy metabolism, and improved glucose metabolism. Mechanistically, RHY interacted with lipases and increased lipase activity and lipolysis. Overall, RHY ameliorated HFD-induced NAFLD and its complications by enhancing lipase activity.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Satoru Mukai, Akiko Mizokami, Takahito Otani, Tomomi Sano, Miho Matsuda, Sakura Chishaki, Jing Gao, Tomoyo Kawakubo-Yasukochi, Ronghao Tang, Takashi Kanematsu, Hiroshi Takeuchi, Eijiro Jimi, Masato Hirata
Summary: GPRC6A regulates various physiological processes in response to its interaction with multiple ligands and its constitutive activation in adipocytes plays a key role in adipose lipid handling and the prevention of obesity and related metabolic disorders.
JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Chunxue Zhou, Henry H. Ruiz, Li Ling, Giulia Maurizi, Kenichi Sakamoto, Claudia G. Liberini, Ling Wang, Adrien Stanley, Hale E. Egritag, Sofia M. Sanz, Claudia Lindtner, Mary A. Butera, Christoph Buettner
Summary: Alcoholic steatosis is driven by brain insulin resistance, increased sympathetic activity, and unrestrained adipose tissue lipolysis. Targeting these drivers may provide effective therapeutic strategies to ameliorate ALD.
MOLECULAR METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Biology
Chandramohan Chitraju, Alexander W. Fischer, Yohannes A. Ambaw, Kun Wang, Bo Yuan, Sheng Hui, Tobias C. Walther, Robert Farese
Summary: Triglycerides in adipocytes play a crucial role in metabolic energy storage. This study found that mice lacking triglyceride storage in adipocytes did not experience ectopic triglyceride accumulation or metabolic perturbations, but instead maintained metabolic health through activation of energy expenditure.
Article
Oncology
Supreet Kaur, Christopher Auger, Dalia Barayan, Priyal Shah, Anna Matveev, Carly M. Knuth, Thurl E. Harris, Marc G. Jeschke
Summary: Hypermetabolism following severe burn injuries can lead to adipocyte dysfunction and other adverse consequences, with adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) playing a crucial role in regulating these processes. Targeting ATGL may reduce adipose tissue changes and improve patient outcomes, as demonstrated by selective ATGL inhibitor studies.
CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sander Kersten
Summary: Fasting and starvation have been significant environmental factors that have shaped human energy metabolism. Humans adapt to fasting through time-dependent changes in energy metabolism, including the breakdown of liver glycogen, muscle protein, and fat stores. This paper provides an overview of the effects of fasting on adipose tissue metabolism, including the inhibition of lipoprotein lipase activity and activation of adipose triglyceride lipase.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR AND CELL BIOLOGY OF LIPIDS
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Julie Cremer, Laura Brohee, Laura Dupont, Camille Lefevre, Raphael Peiffer, Alicia M. Saarinen, Olivier Peulen, Laure Bindels, Jun Liu, Alain Colige, Christophe F. Deroanne
Summary: Bidirectional interactions between cancer cells and adipocytes in the microenvironment play a critical role in tumor progression. Acidification of the extracellular medium induced by cancer cells promotes preadipocyte lipolysis, which affects the phenotype of cancer cells and their response to chemotherapy. G0S2 is identified as the main regulator of cancer-induced lipolysis, and its adipocyte-specific overexpression inhibits mammary tumor growth and lung metastasis.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tianjiao Li, Wei Guo, Zhanxiang Zhou
Summary: Understanding the regulation of ATGL in the liver is crucial for understanding lipid and glucose homeostasis and developing targeted therapies for hepatic metabolic disorders.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Zhizheng Fang, Lu Wei, Yanping Lv, Tongsheng Wang, Hamizah Shahirah Hamezah, Rongchun Han, Xiaohui Tong
Summary: This study investigates the impact of Phillyrin on obesity-related metabolic dysfunctions. It was found that Phillyrin reduces circulating level of glycerol, hepatic steatosis, and improves insulin sensitivity in obese mice. Phillyrin also attenuates obesity-related inflammation and IL-6 production in adipose tissue. Furthermore, Phillyrin inhibits IL-6-initiated basal lipolysis and expression of adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) in adipose tissue. These findings suggest that Phillyrin can be a potential candidate in the treatment of obesity-associated complications.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Tuan Anh Phu, Martin Ng, Ngan K. Vu, Laura Bouchareychas, Robert L. Raffai
Summary: The study found that THP1-IL4-exo can polarize macrophages to an anti-inflammatory phenotype and promote insulin uptake and browning of adipose tissue through changes in energy metabolism and miRNA expression. Experimental results in obese mice showed that THP1-IL4-exo can reduce inflammation and improve metabolism, suggesting its potential for treating cardiometabolic diseases and diabetes.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Jing Zhang, Si-Lan Li, Wen Lin, Rong-Hua Pan, Yue Dai, Yu-Feng Xia
Summary: Tripterygium glycoside tablet (TGT) can improve renal function injury in diabetic nephropathy (DN) mice by modulating triglyceride metabolism. Untargeted metabolomic analysis showed that TGT treatment restored multiple metabolites in the kidneys of DN mice.
JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL AND BIOMEDICAL ANALYSIS
(2022)
Editorial Material
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Melissa A. Linden, Susan J. Burke, Humza A. Pirzadah, Tai-Yu Huang, Heidi M. Batdorf, Walid K. Mohammed, Katarina A. Jones, Sujoy Ghosh, Shawn R. Campagna, J. Jason Collier, Robert C. Noland
Summary: Glucocorticoid therapy can cause iatrogenic diabetes, and activating lipolysis plays a crucial role in its development. Inhibiting lipolysis can reduce glucocorticoid-induced obesity and hyperglycemia. The role of lipolysis differs between skeletal muscle and liver.
MOLECULAR METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rajakumar Selvaraj, Sarah Zehnder, Russell Watts, Jihong Lian, Chinmayee Das, Randal Nelson, Richard Lehner
Summary: Two distinct diacylglycerol acyltransferases (DGAT1 and DGAT2) catalyze the final step of TG synthesis in hepatocytes. TG is either stored in cytosolic LDs or assembled into VLDLs in the ER. DGAT1-made TG is stored in smaller LDs while DGAT2-made TG is stored in larger LDs. ATGL targets DGAT1-generated LDs and the fatty acids released from these LDs are preferentially used for oxidation.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR AND CELL BIOLOGY OF LIPIDS
(2023)