Article
Psychology, Biological
Anthony Sclafani, Karen Ackroff
Summary: The gustation is crucial in mediating the preference for dietary fat in rodents. Studies have shown that mice have fat taste receptors that activate specific signaling elements and nerve receptors. Knockout mice that lack the TRPM5 gene exhibit indifference to low concentrations of fat but show preferences for higher concentrations due to postoral fat conditioned attraction. Experience also enhances fat preferences in these mice.
PHYSIOLOGY & BEHAVIOR
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Haruno Mizuta, Natsuko Kumamoto, Shinya Ugawa, Takashi Yamamoto
Summary: The study shows that ornithine enhances preferences for sweet, salty, umami, and fat taste solutions in mice, particularly increasing preference for monosodium glutamate (MSG). The newly identified kokumi receptor, GPRC6A, was found to be involved in the additive effects of ornithine on taste stimuli, suggesting a potential relationship between ornithine and taste modulation in the oral cavity.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Lucas T. Laudermilk, Kathryn M. Harper, Sheryl S. Moy, Scott Runyon, Bin Zhou, Beverly Koller, Rangan Maitra
Summary: The G-protein-coupled receptor APLNR, along with its ligands apelin and ELABELA/TODDLER/apela, form the apelinergic system crucial for development and physiological balance, potentially offering treatment for heart failure, pulmonary arterial hypertension, and metabolic syndrome. While widely present in the central nervous system, its exact role remains unclear. Knockout of the Aplnr gene in mice showed significant impacts on sensory responses and fear behaviors, especially in male mice displaying heightened fear responses.
BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Xi Cheng, Yu Tang, D. J. Vidyadhara, Ben-Zheng Li, Michael Zimmerman, Alexandr Pak, Sanghamitra Nareddula, Paige Alyssa Edens, Sreeganga S. Chandra, Alexander A. Chubykin
Summary: The lack of auxilin leads to deficits in presynaptic plasticity and visual cortical functions, as well as affecting eye movement responses. This suggests that abnormalities in presynaptic endocytosis function may have an impact in the early stages of Parkinson's disease.
Article
Cell Biology
Zsofia Budai, Nour Al-Zaeed, Peter Szentesi, Hajnalka Halasz, Laszlo Csernoch, Zsuzsa Szondy, Zsolt Sarang
Summary: Skeletal muscle regeneration is triggered by local inflammation and phagocytosis of dead cells, with transglutaminase 2 (TG2) playing a crucial role in the process. Loss of TG2 results in the generation of small size myofibers, decreased grip force, delayed myoblast fusion, and smaller regenerating fibers in mice following injury. Proper efferocytosis and transition of macrophages to GDF3-expressing cells are essential for muscle development and regeneration.
Article
Oncology
Giovanni Nicolao Berta, Federica Di Scipio, Zhiqian Yang, Alessandra Oberto, Giuliana Abbadessa, Federica Romano, Maria Elisabetta Carere, Adriano Ceccarelli, Emilio Hirsch, Barbara Mognetti
Summary: The study revealed that the lack or inhibition of PI3K gamma can delay preneoplastic and exophytic lesions in oral carcinogenesis. WT mice showed higher expression of prognostic markers and certain cell types, while tongues isolated from transgenic mice had more abundant T lymphocytes. A specific PI3K gamma inhibitor significantly impaired the vitality of oral cancer cells.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Kari T. Chambers, Michael A. Cooper, Alison R. Swearingen, Rita T. Brookheart, George G. Schweitzer, Carla J. Weinheimer, Attila Kovacs, Timothy R. Koves, Deborah M. Muoio, Kyle S. McCommis, Brian N. Finck
Summary: Loss of Lipin 1 impairs cardiac functional reserve through effects on glycerolipid homeostasis, mitochondrial function, and protein kinase A signaling.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Min Li, Yun Zhang, Jun Zhou, Hongmei Liu
Summary: SELENOF deficiency in young mice leads to glucose metabolism disorders, which improve with age. The knockout of SELENOF also causes oxidative stress and disrupts redox homeostasis in young mice.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xiao-Wei Jia, Dong-Liang Fang, Xin-Yi Shi, Tao Lu, Chun Yang, Yan Gao
Summary: Inducible beige adipocytes may have beneficial effects on improving impaired glucose metabolism and enhancing energy expenditure, even in the absence of interscapular brown adipose tissue (iBAT). Data shows that beige adipocytes could partly contribute to the improvement of impaired glucose metabolism and enhancing glucose uptake in iBAT-removal animal models. Additionally, inducible beige adipocytes may have different mechanisms to improve glucose metabolism and enhance energy expenditure when iBAT is lacking.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR AND CELL BIOLOGY OF LIPIDS
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Verenice Ascencio Gutierrez, Aracely Simental Ramos, Shushanna Khayoyan, Lindsey A. Schier
Summary: Objective experience with metabolically distinct sugars enhances attraction to the orosensory properties of glucose and reshapes behavioral responding to glucose-containing sugars.
NUTRITIONAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jain Jeong, Soyoung Jang, Song Park, Wookbong Kwon, Si-Yong Kim, Soyoen Jang, Jiwon Ko, Si Jun Park, Su-geun Lim, Duhak Yoon, Junkoo Yi, Sanggyu Lee, Myoung Ok Kim, Seong-Kyoon Choi, Zae Young Ryoo
Summary: The study highlighted the important role of JAZF1 in adipocyte differentiation and related metabolism through experiments in vitro and in vivo. Heterozygous JAZF1 knockout mice exhibited abnormalities in adipose tissue mass and glucose metabolism, providing new insights for treating obesity and metabolic disorders.
CELL AND BIOSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Vasiliy A. Zolotarev, Vladimir O. Murovets, Anastasiya L. Sepp, Egor A. Sozontov, Ekaterina A. Lukina, Raisa P. Khropycheva, Nina S. Pestereva, Irina S. Ivleva, Mouna El Mehdi, Emilie Lahaye, Nicolas Chartrel, Serguei O. Fetissov
Summary: A commercial strain of Hafnia alvei bacteria has been found to reduce food intake and promote weight loss, possibly due to the presence of the bacterial protein ClpB. This study aimed to investigate whether H. alvei affects sweet taste preference and glucose tolerance. The results showed that H. alvei protein extract improved glucose tolerance, but did not affect sweet taste preference. The ClpB protein also improved glucose tolerance and reduced basal plasma glucose levels. These findings suggest that both the H. alvei protein extract and ClpB protein may have potential therapeutic applications for diabetes treatment in animal models.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biology
Xue Liu, Ahmed Elagamy Mohamed Mahmoud Khalil, Uthayakumar Muthukumarasamy, Yasuhiro Onogi, Xiaocheng Yan, Inderjeet Singh, Elena Lopez-Gonzales, Andreas Israel, Alberto Cebrian Serrano, Till Strowig, Siegfried Ussar
Summary: Moderate telomere shortening improves insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance in aged mice by reducing intestinal lipid absorption and altering gut microbiota composition.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Mohsin Rahim, Clinton M. Hasenour, Tomasz K. Bednarski, Curtis C. Hughey, David H. Wasserman, Jamey D. Young
Summary: The study demonstrates that the kidney can compensate for impaired hepatic glucose production by increasing renal glucose production and gluconeogenesis. Hepatic gluconeogenesis was reduced in KO mice, but whole-body glucose production and arterial glucose were unaffected, leading to a compensatory rise in renal glucose production and gluconeogenesis.
Article
Immunology
Ni Kang, Yong Zhang, Fei Xue, Jinyu Duan, Fan Chen, Yu Cai, Qingxian Luan
Summary: This study found that oral administration of Porphyromonas gingivalis can induce periodontitis and affect the occurrence and development of diabetes. The expression levels of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines changed in the gingiva and blood, leading to alveolar bone loss and inflammatory changes in the liver and adipose tissues. The study also showed a promotion of glucose metabolism disorder in mice.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Hugues Piloquet, Benoit Berge, Pascal Maigret, Veronique Hospital
Summary: This study aimed to explore the effects of environmental factors on eating behavior and food intake in toddlers. The results showed that food fussiness was more common in older children, children conceived with medical assistance, children exposed to distractions during meals, rewarded by parents to finish meals, free to eat at will, and those who ate only occasionally with the whole family. Unsatisfactory dietary diversification was not significantly associated with any variable.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Victoria Norton, Julie A. Lovegrove, Marcus Tindall, Julia Rodriguez Garcia, Stella Lignou
Summary: The UK's aging population requires promotion of balanced nutrition, with a particular focus on increasing dietary fiber intake. Surveys involving older adults showed their willingness to learn about dietary fiber and the need for accessible information. Educational materials proved effective in engaging older adults and were perceived as useful. A holistic approach, involving support from various sources, can aid in improving dietary fiber consumption and overall health outcomes among older adults.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Gary J. Farkas, Paige M. Cunningham, Alicia M. Sneij, John E. Hayes, Mark S. Nash, Arthur S. Berg, David R. Gater, Barbara J. Rolls
Summary: Overeating associated with neurogenic obesity after spinal cord injury (SCI) may be related to how persons with SCI experience satiation, their eating frequency, and the context in which they eat their meals. Those with SCI rely less on physiological satiation cues for meal termination and instead rely more on hedonic cues. There are differences in meal contexts and eating frequency between SCI individuals and controls, with SCI individuals consuming fewer meals but having a higher overall eating frequency due to increased snacking. These factors likely contribute to overeating associated with neurogenic obesity after SCI.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Shana Adise, Kerri N. Boutelle, Panteha Hayati Rezvan, Eric Kan, Kyung E. Rhee, Michael I. Goran, Elizabeth R. Sowell
Summary: This study investigated the relationship between executive functions and cognition during adolescence, and the intake of fat and sugar two years later. The study found that higher impulsivity and reward-seeking behaviors were related to greater fat and sugar intake in males, while higher negative urgency and BMI were related to greater intake in both sexes. These findings suggest that individuals with certain traits may be more at risk for weight gain due to overconsumption of unhealthy foods.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Claire Margerison, Gozde Aydin, Christel Larsson, Alison Booth, Anthony Worsley, Janandani Nanayakkara
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic and associated lockdowns resulted in changes in food accessibility and availability, leading to shifts in food habits and behaviors among people worldwide. A study conducted in Australia examined the self-reported changes in food habits and behaviors of adults during the COVID-19 restrictions in 2020. The majority of respondents reported developing positive food habits, such as trying new recipes, cooking from scratch, and reducing take-away meals. The study also found that family involvement in food preparation and eating together increased during the restrictions. However, there were negative experiences, including difficulties in purchasing certain foods and limited access to food outlets.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Betsy Cogan, Jamie A. Cooper
Summary: This study aimed to assess the effect of dietary sweetness on appetite in adults with and without obesity. The results showed that the response of ghrelin to unsweetened rinses was energy-specific for all adults, while rinses containing sucralose led to greater cephalic phase cholecystokinin release in adults with a BMI between 18.5 and 24.9 kg/m(2).
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Rebecca Gregson, Jared Piazza, Heather Shaw
Summary: Recent scholarship has identified a group of individuals who self-identify as anti-vegan, and they have distinct dietarian identities and ideological profiles. Anti-vegans show higher levels of commitment to their dietary patterns compared to omnivores, and they also score higher on various ideological measures.
Review
Behavioral Sciences
Gibson Weydmann, Patricia Maidana Miguel, Nour Hakim, Laurette Dube, Patricia Pelufo Silveira, Lisiane Bizarro
Summary: This study systematically reviewed the association between obesity and overweight with reinforcement learning performance. It was found that obesity might be associated with impairments in utilizing aversive outcomes to change behavior, but further research is needed to confirm this association.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Laura Kudlek, Rebecca A. Jones, Carly Hughes, Robbie Duschinsky, Andrew Hill, Rebecca Richards, Megan Thompson, Ann Vincent, Simon J. Griffin, Amy L. Ahern
Summary: This study explored how participants of an ACT-based weight management intervention (WMI) experience emotional eating and highlighted the importance of self-awareness and alternative coping strategies in improving emotional eating. It also emphasized the need for ongoing and personalized interventions to support individuals with external locus of control and complex emotional eating experiences.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Stefanie C. Landwehr, Monika Hartmann
Summary: This study examines the influence of peers on children's snack purchasing decisions, finding that the presence of peers strongly impacts children's brand awareness and price perception, highlighting the crucial role of social influence in shaping children's decision-making processes.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Rao Yuan, Shaosheng Jin, Wenchao Wu
Summary: This study examines the interactive effects of information and consumer trust on consumer preferences for organic food. The results show that consumers are willing to pay a higher price for organic food, especially those with higher levels of trust. The introduction of information significantly increases consumers' willingness to pay, with a greater increase observed among high-trust consumers.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Oda Bjorklund, Lars Wichstrom, Clare Llewellyn, Silje Steinsbekk
Summary: This study tests the psychometric properties of the Adult Eating Behavior Questionnaire (AEBQ) in a sample of 14-year-olds and examines its construct validity using the parent-reported Children's Eating Behavior Questionnaire (CEBQ). The results show that a 7-factor solution of the AEBQ without the Hunger scale is a better fitting model, and there are small-to-moderate correlations between the AEBQ and CEBQ scales.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Alice M. Cox, Rachael W. Taylor, Jillian J. Haszard, Kathryn L. Beck, Pamela R. von Hurst, Cathryn A. Conlon, Lisa A. Te Morenga, Lisa Daniels, Jenny Mcarthur, Rebecca Paul, Neve H. McLean, Emily A. Jones, Ioanna Katiforis, Kimberley J. Brown, Madeline Gash, Madeleine Rowan, Elizabeth A. Fleming, Rosario Jupiterwala, Bailey R. Bruckner, Anne-Louise M. Heath
Summary: Although concerns are often raised about the potential impact of baby food pouch use and Baby-Led Weaning (BLW) on infant health, there is limited research in this area. This study found that frequent pouch use was associated with increased food fussiness and more selective eating, while BLW was associated with higher energy intake and a range of eating behaviors.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Briana L. Kennedy, Andrew M. Camara, Dominic M. D. Tran
Summary: This study investigated the relationship between obesity, overconsumption, and oversensitivity to rewards, and how it affects attentional biases towards food-related stimuli. The results showed that individuals with higher BMI had lower attentional priority for food and food logos, while increased consumption of HFHS foods and dieting predicted increased attentional priority for food and food logo images.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Irene Campos-Sanchez, Rocio Munoz-Sanchez, Eva-Maria Navarrete-Munoz, Maria Sofia Molina-Inigo, Miriam Hurtado-Pomares, Paula Fernandez-Pires, Alicia Sanchez-Perez, Daniel Prieto-Botella, Iris Juarez-Leal, Paula Peral-Gomez, Cristina Espinosa-Sempere, Desiree Valera-Gran
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the association between sensory reactivity and feeding problems in young children. The results showed that taste/smell sensitivity was significantly associated with difficulties in texture transition/introduction, limited variety of foods, and both feeding problems. Additionally, children with total sensory reactivity or auditory filtering sensory reactivity had a higher prevalence of consuming a limited variety of foods. These findings highlight the importance of considering sensory reactivity as a potential predictor of feeding problems.