Article
Polymer Science
Katarina Cifranicova, Ondrej Sausa, David Pavel Kralovic, Helena Svajdlenkova
Summary: This study investigated a commercial photopolymer mixture using positron annihilation spectroscopy (PALS), near infrared spectroscopy (NIR), and bulk density measurements to study microstructural free volume, which affects material properties. It was found that 0.5 mol% of photoinitiator (PI) is sufficient to achieve similar microstructures for 2 mm and 5 mm-thick samples. The thickness and amount of PI were found to have an impact on the free volume characteristics, which correlated with bulk density, monomer conversion, and H bonded interactions determined from NIR. Spatial graded microstructural study revealed more pronounced differences with increased PI amount and reduced thickness.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Taeyong Ahn, David W. Gidley, Aaron W. Thornton, Antek G. Wong-Foy, Bradford G. Orr, Kenneth M. Kozloff, Mark M. Banaszak Holl
Summary: In this study, the nanoscale porosity of bone components was investigated using positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS) on hydrated bovine femur samples. Pores with diameter of 0.6 nm within the collagen molecule, water occupying specific size regions, and a structural pore size of 5-6 nm for deproteinized bone were identified. The average mineral lamella thickness was estimated to be in the range of 4-8 nm based on combined PALS and specific surface area (SSA) results.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Tong Song, Peng Zhang, Chao Zhang, Liliang Gong, Xingzhong Cao, Baoyi Wang, Runsheng Yu, Wei Zhou
Summary: The pore structure of PEI/SBA-15 nanocomposites was investigated using PALS, TEM, XRD, and N2 adsorption and desorption techniques. The results showed that PALS could provide information about the micropores and mesopores in the SBA-15 matrix. The size of the micropores and mesopores obtained from theoretical models was slightly smaller than that obtained from N2 adsorption and desorption techniques due to the presence of open micropores in the channels. This study provides a unique tool for understanding the evolution of nanometer-sized pores and the relationship between the material structure and CO2 adsorption capacity.
MICROPOROUS AND MESOPOROUS MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Paper & Wood
Laura Resch, Anna Karner, Wolfgang Sprengel, Roland Wuerschum, Robert Schennach
Summary: This study applied the experimental technique of positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS) to monitor the microstructural changes of cellulose-based materials, such as paper, during water intake. Results showed that the mean positron lifetime increased with time in humid atmosphere, with different trends depending on the type of cellulose sample. The study demonstrated that water transport in paper can be reliably followed over a long timespan using PALS, and even distinguish between different types of cellulose materials based on the observed changes in positron lifetime.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Bangyun Xiong, Jingjing Li, Chunqing He, Jiale Lai, Xiangjia Liu, Tao Huang
Summary: In this study, tunable mesoporous silica films were characterized using positron annihilation gamma-ray energy spectroscopy, positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy, ellipsometric porosimetry, and heptane adsorption. The results showed that ellipsometric porosimetry combined with heptane adsorption is a highly sensitive method for calibrating mesopore size in interconnected films, while positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy is a novel complementary tool for characterizing closed and open pores.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Giovanni Consolati, Eros Mossini, Dario Nichetti, Fiorenza Quasso, Giuseppe Maria Viola, Erkin Yaynik
Summary: The study compared the free volume fraction obtained from experiments with the lattice-hole model, revealing that a cylindrical flattened geometry of the cavities provided better agreement than a spherical shape. Additionally, the best fit was found for holes that expanded preferentially in the radial direction, with a decrease in aspect ratio as temperature decreased.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
V. Chatzikos, K. Mergia, G. Bonny, D. Terentyev, D. Papadakis, G. E. Pavlou, S. Messoloras
Summary: In this study, the evolution of open volume defects in neutron irradiated tungsten materials was investigated using positron annihilation spectroscopy. The results showed that neutron irradiation resulted in the formation of dislocations and voids in all tungsten grades, and the density of dislocations and voids decreased with increasing irradiation temperature, while the void size increased.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REFRACTORY METALS & HARD MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Polymer Science
Hang Guo, Zhilong Hong, Dongmei Huang, Erjie Yang, Zhuangzhuang Zhu, Chenhao Zhao, Yun Dong, Bangjiao Ye, Hongjun Zhang, Liangbin Li
Summary: The structure-property relationship of the interlamellar amorphous phase in semicrystalline polymers has been a fundamental yet controversial topic in polymer physics. This study simplifies the mechanical coupling between the two phases and quantitatively characterizes the evolution of the amorphous structure and its connection to the mechanical behavior using advanced techniques.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Luca Chiari, Ayaka Nozaki, Kazuki Koizumi, Masanori Fujinami
Summary: The study found a clear dependence of hydrogen-related defects on strain rate in hydrogen-embrittled iron, with the size of vacancy clusters increasing with annealing temperature. The results indicate that vacancy clusters stabilized by hydrogen accumulate locally in hydrogen-embrittled iron, which is a critical condition for triggering hydrogen embrittlement.
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Bruna Barbon Paulo, Izabela Dutra Alvim, Gary Reineccius, Ana Silvia Prata
Summary: The study investigated the impact of different surface-active components on the oxygen barrier properties of maltodextrin-based spray-dried emulsions, highlighting the importance of the interfacial membrane surrounding oil droplets. The protein matrices demonstrated antioxidant capacity, contributing to high protection against oxidation.
LWT-FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Polymer Science
Shinian Cheng, Zaneta Wojnarowska, Malgorzata Musial, Slawomir Kolodziej, Eric Drockenmuller, Marian Paluch
Summary: The study investigates the volume effects in a specific 1,2,3-triazolium-based poly(ionic liquid) at both the macro and nano scales. The experimental determination of a relatively large free volume (V-f) suggests it as the main factor controlling the superionic properties of the material. The analysis of specific volume and relaxation dynamics in terms of different models did not work for the studied system.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yuan Yao, Yongfu Deng, Yuntong Liang, Xiaoxing Li, Xiuzhen Tang, Minjie Lin, Chuanhui Xu, Lihua Fu, Baofeng Lin
Summary: This study investigates the microstructural changes and mechanism of sustained release of ethylene, and develops a method to control the ripening of fruits on-demand.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Gaoxing Pan, Feihan Li, Shaohua He, Weidong Li, Quanming Wu, Jingjing He, Renjie Ruan, Zhixiang Xiao, Jin Zhang, Huanghao Yang
Summary: A dual-bionic hydrogel inspired by mussel and barnacle cement proteins is proposed, which shows excellent adhesiveness, antibacterial properties, and potential for rapid hemostasis and wound healing.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
K. Siemek, A. Olejniczak, L. N. Korotkov, P. Konieczny, A. Belushkin
Summary: The defect structures of BaTiO3 nanoparticles annealed in the air and their correlation with magnetic properties were studied using XPS and positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy. It was found that annealing at different temperatures can create additional oxygen vacancies and influence the reduction of Ti, impacting the nanoparticle magnetism. The complementary XPS and positron annihilation spectroscopy were effective tools for determining the nanoparticle surface defect structure, with potential applications in fabricating rare room-temperature multiferroics materials.
APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
M. Pietrow, R. Zaleski, A. Wagner, P. Slomski, E. Hirschmann, R. Krause-Rehberg, M. O. Liedke, M. Butterling, D. Weinberger
Summary: This study reports the verification of emission of photons during positronium (Ps) formation in condensed matter through experiments conducted in two different solids. The results suggest that Ps formation may be accompanied by the emission of photons, but not on the surface of one particular solid. Various processes that may influence the energy of the emitted photon during Ps formation are discussed to help understand this phenomenon.
PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Applied
M. Leander Marxen, Luka Hansen, Armin Reimers, Tim Tjardts, Lena M. Saure, Erik Greve, Jonas Drewes, Fabian Schuett, Rainer Adelung, Holger Kersten
Summary: Highly porous framework materials have attracted great interest due to their wide potential for applications. This article presents a new approach to investigate the penetration depth of plasma species in these materials. The method is demonstrated by studying the plasma permeability of tetrapodal zinc oxide framework materials with different densities and treatment conditions.
PLASMA PROCESSES AND POLYMERS
(2023)
Correction
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Anna Gapeeva, Julia Vogtmann, Berit Zeller-Plumhoff, Felix Beckmann, Martin Gurka, Jurgen Carstensen, Rainer Adelung
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2023)
Article
Biophysics
Jianfeng Li, Armin Reimers, Ka My Dang, Michael G. K. Brunk, Jonas Drewes, Ulrike M. Hirsch, Christian Willems, Christian E. H. Schmelzer, Thomas Groth, Ali Shaygan Nia, Xinliang Feng, Rainer Adelung, Wesley D. Sacher, Fabian Schuett, Joyce K. S. Poon
Summary: Engineered neural tissues can be used to study neurological conditions and drug screening. This study demonstrates the integration of optical dopamine sensors into three-dimensional tissue cultures, providing a way to monitor neurochemical concentrations in real time.
BIOSENSORS & BIOELECTRONICS
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Eloise Veys, Louis Makower, Marcus Williamson, Lena M. Saure, Rainer Adelung, Fabian Schutt, Nicola M. Pugno, Thomas James Marrow
Summary: Zinc oxide tetrapods possess remarkable functional and mechanical properties and can be applied in various fields including nanoelectronic and optoelectronic sensing, functional composites and coatings, and energy harvesting and storage. Through assembly into high porosity macroscopic ceramic framework structures, they can serve as versatile templates for fabricating other foam-like materials with multiple scales. In this study, we investigated the three-dimensional structure of low density interconnected zinc oxide tetrapod networks using high resolution X-ray computed tomography. In-situ observations during mechanical loading revealed the heterogeneous development of anelastic strain (damage) during compression and the homogeneous elastic recovery during unloading. Individual tetrapods were observed to deform through arm rotation to accommodate strain.
SCRIPTA MATERIALIA
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Oleg Lupan, Nicolae Magariu, David Santos-Carballal, Nicolai Ababii, Jakob Offermann, Pia Pooker, Sandra Hansen, Leonard Siebert, Nora H. H. de Leeuw, Rainer Adelung
Summary: This study investigates the gas-sensing capabilities of semiconducting metal oxides for detecting vapors produced by battery components and develops sensors for early detection of malfunctioning batteries. The sensors based on binary and ternary heterostructures showed promising results in detecting vapors with high accuracy. These metal-oxide sensors can serve as high-performance battery safety sensors, especially for solid-state batteries.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Igor Barg, Niklas Kohlmann, Florian Rasch, Thomas Strunskus, Rainer Adelung, Lorenz Kienle, Franz Faupel, Stefan Schroeder, Fabian Schuett
Summary: This work demonstrates a novel concept for the development of strain-invariant, highly elastic and highly water stable all-organic soft conductors, overcoming the limitations of previous strain-invariant soft conductors. The thin film structure has highly hydrophobic properties, resulting in stable electrical properties even when immersed in water for a month.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Dana Hellmold, Carolin Kubelt, Tina Daunke, Silje Beckinger, Ottmar Janssen, Margarethe Hauck, Fabian Schuett, Rainer Adelung, Ralph Lucius, Jochen Haag, Susanne Sebens, Michael Synowitz, Janka Held-Feindt
Summary: Glioblastoma (GBM) is a difficult-to-treat disease with high resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. This study investigated the chemoresistance mechanisms of surviving GBM cells and the effects of combination therapy with temozolomide (TMZ) and AT101. The results showed that while the combination therapy was highly efficient, it led to the predominance of phosphatidylserine-positive GBM cells over time. Analysis revealed phosphorylation of AKT, mTOR, and GSK3beta, resulting in the induction of pro-tumorigenic genes in surviving GBM cells. Treatment with Torin2 partially counteracted the observed effects, and the combination therapy also altered the composition of extracellular vesicles released from surviving GBM cells.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Irina Jin, Julian Strobel, Ulrich Schuermann, Vladimir Ciobanu, Veaceslav Ursaki, Leonid Gorceac, Boris Cinic, Cameliu Himcinschi, Rainer Adelung, Lorenz Kienle, Ion Tiginyanu
Summary: The self-catalyzed growth of InP nanowires on an aerographite substrate using high growth rate hydride vapor-phase epitaxy technology is demonstrated. The nanowires had aspect ratios higher than 200 and diameters of 0.2-2 μm. They were constant in diameter over their length, except for a well-faceted hexagonal tapered end. The growth process allows for the formation of self-catalyzed nanowires compatible with integrated circuit technology. Single-wire InP photodetectors with predominant sensitivity in the infrared spectral range have been prepared and characterized.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
David Santos-Carballal, Oleg Lupan, Nicolae Magariu, Nicolai Ababii, Helge Krueger, Mani Teja Bodduluri, Nora H. de Leeuw, Sandra Hansen, Rainer Adelung
Summary: Lithium-ion batteries are crucial for the transition to a carbon-free society and their performance improvement and safety monitoring are important. Heterostructured solid-state sensors based on new materials show significant response to battery solvents and degassing products, making them promising for safety monitoring prototypes.
Article
Materials Science, Biomaterials
Anna Gapeeva, Haoyi Qiu, Ala Cojocaru, Christine Arndt, Tehseen Riaz, Fabian Schuett, Christine Selhuber-Unkel, Yogendra Kumar Mishra, Ayseguel Tura, Svenja Sonntag, Stefanie Gniesmer, Salvatore Grisanti, Soeren Kaps, Rainer Adelung
Summary: The burden of glaucoma is continuously increasing and is estimated to affect over 100 million people by 2040. Minimally invasive glaucoma surgery (MIGS) has emerged as an alternative to traditional treatments, utilizing micro-sized drainage stents to minimize tissue trauma and reduce recovery time. However, the foreign body reaction and fibrosis pose a major challenge for MIGS devices.
ACS BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Carolin Kubelt, Dana Hellmold, Eva Peschke, Margarethe Hauck, Olga Will, Fabian Schuett, Ralph Lucius, Rainer Adelung, Regina Scherliess, Jan-Bernd Hoevener, Olav Jansen, Michael Synowitz, Janka Held-Feindt
Summary: Local drug delivery systems (LDDS) are potential therapies for glioblastoma (GBM), but their success has been limited. Establishing GBM animal models is crucial for evaluating LDDS, but few reports detail the process. In this study, a partial resection glioma model in rats was successfully established and used to evaluate the efficiency of LDDS. The results provide a powerful tool for future testing of these promising systems in clinical applications.
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Felix Harden, Roland Kral, Birgit Schaedel, Rainer Adelung, Olaf Jacobs
Summary: Additive manufacturing techniques have the potential to revolutionize design and production, particularly in the area of non-assembly mechanisms consisting of kinematic pairs. This research explores the use of multi-material printing and heat treatment to overcome tolerance issues and create self-healing mechanisms. The study also discusses the tribological aspects of such mechanisms.
ENGINEERING REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Felix Harden, Birgit Schaedel, Marlon Siegel, Roland Kral, Rainer Adelung, Olaf Jacobs
Summary: Accurate assessment of wear behavior is crucial for optimization of tribological systems. This work proposes a novel approach to implement in-situ wear measurement of both wearing counterparts and demonstrates its feasibility on a ball-on-prism tribometer. Challenges such as radial runout, testing in media, and debris accumulation remain, but this advancement offers new possibilities for wear evaluation and optimization.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Aike Bueter, Gregor Maschkowitz, Martina Baum, Yogendra Kumar Mishra, Leonard Siebert, Rainer Adelung, Helmut Fickenscher
Summary: This study aimed to compare the antibacterial and bactericidal properties of ZnO tetrapods with spherical, unstructured ZnO particles. The results showed that ZnO tetrapods exhibited significant bactericidal activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae, while Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterococcus faecalis remained unaffected. Furthermore, treatment with methylene blue improved the antibacterial activity of spherical ZnO particles against Staphylococcus aureus.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Lena M. Saure, Niklas Kohlmann, Haoyi Qiu, Shwetha Shetty, Ali Shaygan Nia, Narayanan Ravishankar, Xinliang Feng, Alexander Szameit, Lorenz Kienle, Rainer Adelung, Fabian Schuett
Summary: This study presents a fabrication concept for highly porous photothermal hybrid aeromaterials, which show an ultrarapid and volumetric photothermal response. By using light-scattering framework structures and functionalized reduced graphene oxide nanosheets, the volumetric photothermal enhancement is achieved.
