Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Sandor Kruk, Pablo Garcia-Martin, Marcel Popescu, Ben Aussel, Steven Dillmann, Megan E. Perks, Tamina Lund, Bruno Merin, Ross Thomson, Samet Karadag, Mark J. McCaughrean
Summary: The recent launch of low Earth orbit satellite constellations is posing a growing threat to ground-based astronomical observations, causing concerns among the astronomical community. By analyzing Hubble Space Telescope images from 2002 to 2021 with the help of citizen scientists and a deep learning algorithm, we found that 2.7% of the individual exposures were contaminated by satellite trails, and this fraction is expected to increase with the growing number of artificial satellites in the next decade. Further study and monitoring are needed to address this issue.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Fernando Cruz Aguirre, Allison Youngblood, Kevin France, Vincent Bourrier
Summary: This study demonstrates that the observations of stellar Ly alpha and O i using the COS are contaminated with geocoronal emission, but the airglow emission profiles are stable enough to create templates for subtraction. A graphical user interface was developed to subtract the airglow emission and recover the underlying stellar flux. Power-law relationships between the recovered stellar emission and measures of stellar activity were presented.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Janice C. Lee, Bradley C. Whitmore, David A. Thilker, Sinan Deger, Kirsten L. Larson, Leonardo Ubeda, Gagandeep S. Anand, Mederic Boquien, Rupali Chandar, Daniel A. Dale, Eric Emsellem, Adam K. Leroy, Erik Rosolowsky, Eva Schinnerer, Ludo Schmidt, James Lilly, Jordan Turner, Schuyler Van Dyk, Richard L. White, Ashley T. Barnes, Francesco Belfiore, Frank Bigiel, Guillermo A. Blanc, Yixian Cao, Melanie Chevance, Enrico Congiu, Oleg Egorov, Simon C. O. Glover, Kathryn Grasha, Brent Groves, Jonathan D. Henshaw, Annie Hughes, Ralf S. Klessen, Eric Koch, Kathryn Kreckel, J. M. Diederik Kruijssen, Daizhong Liu, Laura A. Lopez, Ness Mayker, Sharon E. Meidt, Eric J. Murphy, Hsi-An Pan, Jerome Pety, Miguel Querejeta, Alessandro Razza, Toshiki Saito, Patricia Sanchez-Blazquez, Francesco Santoro, Amy Sardone, Fabian Scheuermann, Andreas Schruba, Jiayi Sun, Antonio Usero, E. Watkins, Thomas G. Williams
Summary: The PHANGS program is creating the first dataset to study star formation in nearby spiral galaxies, utilizing large survey programs with ALMA, MUSE, and HST.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Matteo Califano, Ivan de Martino, Daniele Vernieri, Salvatore Capozziello
Summary: We investigate four cosmological models that may solve the Hubble tension by considering different dark energy equation of state. By creating mock catalogs and extracting events associated with possible electromagnetic counterpart, we estimate the precision to which the Einstein Telescope can bound the cosmological parameters. Our results show that the uncertainty in the Hubble constant is always below 1%, potentially offering a solution to the Hubble tension. The accuracy on other cosmological parameters is comparable to current methods, except for the emergent dark energy model where the Einstein Telescope alone can significantly improve the limits.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Vadim Abramkin, Yuriy Shibanov, Roberto P. Mignani, George G. Pavlov
Summary: The study presents optical-UV observations of the 200 million-year-old rotation-powered radio pulsar J0108-1431. A potential candidate for the far-UV pulsar counterpart was identified, and the pulsar's optical-UV spectrum was examined based on the detection.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Pierre Letellier, Stephanie Lizy-Destrez
Summary: Although the short-term impact of collisions on missions is insignificant, economic models predict that space debris will significantly hinder the industry's development in a century. However, this challenge could also be seen as a business opportunity by combining New Space and updated regulations. The Recycler project aims to reutilize cooperative satellite components and create a second-hand market for debris-efficient On-Orbit Servicing. This paper provides a strategic analysis using Game Theory, offering guidance on key aspects of the proposal. Through sensitivity analysis and a case study, it is concluded that the major obstacles for the Recycler are fuel constraints limiting the number of potential clients, as well as the cost and long-term degradation of re-purposed components in the space environment.
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Lingling Shi, Xiaolong Xiao, Minghe Shan, Xiaoyi Wang
Summary: This paper presents a contact model considering the multi-dimensional characteristics for a space robot interacting with a spinning target. A hybrid motion and force controller is developed to achieve force control on a floating or spinning target. The control strategy for different phases of operations is proposed and validated through simulations.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Rachael C. Amaro, Daniel Apai, Yifan Zhou, Ben W. P. Lew, Sarah L. Casewell, L. C. Mayorga, Mark S. Marley, Xianyu Tan, Joshua D. Lothringer, Vivien Parmentier, Travis Barman
Summary: Tidally locked white dwarf-brown dwarf binaries with large infrared flux contrasts provide a unique opportunity to study atmospheric processes. We present the spectroscopic phase curves of NLTT5306, a system consisting of a brown dwarf orbiting a white dwarf. Our study reveals complex wavelength-dependence on amplitudes and relative phase offsets, suggesting a complex atmospheric structure. We find that NLTT5306B is significantly irradiated, but its global temperature structure is dominated by its own internal heat.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Gautam Nagaraj, Robin Ciardullo, William P. Bowman, Alex Lawson, Caryl Gronwall
Summary: Euclid and the Roman Space Telescope (Roman) will use grism spectroscopy to detect millions of galaxies via their H alpha and [O III] lambda 5007 emission. A sample of 4239 emission-line galaxies is used to measure the H alpha and [O III] lambda 5007 luminosity functions between 1.16 < z < 1.90. The results show good agreement with previous measurements for H alpha, but predict a higher number of intermediate-luminosity galaxies for [O III].
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Jose L. Ramon, Jorge Pomares, Leonard Felicetti
Summary: This paper proposes a direct visual-servoing algorithm for control of a space-based two-arm manipulator. The algorithm combines visual features extracted from onboard cameras with force and torque measurements to control the manipulator's movements. It takes into account the dynamics of the related bodies, utilizes images taken independently from de-localized cameras, and integrates impedance control for compensation of contact reactions. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the presented approach in on-orbit servicing operations.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Jeffrey L. Carlin, Burcin Mutlu-Pakdil, Denija Crnojevic, Christopher T. Garling, Ananthan Karunakaran, Annika H. G. Peter, Erik Tollerud, Duncan A. Forbes, Jonathan R. Hargis, Sungsoon Lim, Aaron J. Romanowsky, David J. Sand, Kristine Spekkens, Jay Strader
Summary: In this study, two dwarf galaxies in the halos of Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) analogs were examined using deep Hubble Space Telescope (HST) imaging, revealing their structural parameters and stellar populations. One of the dwarfs showed recent star formation while the other contained mostly ancient, metal-poor stars. These faint dwarf satellites are among the faintest known around host galaxies of LMC mass, and their census will contribute to testing predictions from cold dark matter models and understanding the influence of low-mass hosts on the evolution of satellites.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Joachim Saur, Stefan Duling, Alexandre Wennmacher, Clarissa Willmes, Lorenz Roth, Darrell F. Strobel, Frederic Allegrini, Fran Bagenal, Scott J. Bolton, Bertrand Bonfond, George Clark, Randy Gladstone, Thomas K. Greathouse, Denis C. Grodent, Candice J. Hansen, William S. Kurth, Glenn S. Orton, Kurt D. Retherford, Abigail M. Rymer, Ali H. Sulaiman
Summary: This study presents the results of Hubble Space Telescope observations taken around the flyby of the Juno spacecraft on 7 June 2021 from Ganymede's orbitally trailing side. It is found that Ganymede's northern and southern auroral ovals alternate in brightness, with the oval facing Jupiter's magnetospheric plasma sheet being brighter. This suggests that the generator powering Ganymede's aurora is the momentum of the Jovian plasma sheet north and south of Ganymede's magnetosphere.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Alessandro Savino, Daniel R. Weisz, Evan D. Skillman, Andrew Dolphin, Nitya Kallivayalil, Andrew Wetzel, Jay Anderson, Gurtina Besla, Michael Boylan-Kolchin, James S. Bullock, Andrew A. Cole, Michelle L. M. Collins, M. C. Cooper, Alis J. Deason, Aaron L. Dotter, Mark Fardal, Annette M. N. Ferguson, Tobias K. Fritz, Marla C. Geha, Karoline M. Gilbert, Puragra Guhathakurta, Rodrigo Ibata, Michael J. Irwin, Myoungwon Jeon, Evan Kirby, Geraint F. Lewis, Dougal Mackey, Steven R. Majewski, Nicolas Martin, Alan McConnachie, Ekta Patel, R. Michael Rich, Joshua D. Simon, Sangmo Tony Sohn, Erik J. Tollerud, Roeland P. van der Marel
Summary: We measured the distances to M31 and its associated stellar systems using observations of RR Lyrae stars. Based on our measurements, we were able to determine the 3D structure of M31's galactic ecosystem and confirm certain spatial distributions. Our results have implications for the study of star formation and orbital histories in M31's satellite system.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
B. G. Swithenbank-Harris, J. D. Nichols, F. Allegrini, F. Bagenal, B. Bonfond, E. J. Bunce, G. Clark, W. S. Kurth, B. H. Mauk, R. J. Wilson
Summary: This study reports the onset of a dawn storm in Jupiter's northern ultraviolet aurora observed by the Hubble Space Telescope on July 13, 2016, as well as the simultaneous traversal of the dawnside outer magnetosphere by NASA's Juno spacecraft. Observations show that the storm originates at around 60 Jupiter radii and propagates towards the east at speeds exceeding corotation. Additionally, instruments from NASA detected enhanced hot plasma density in the outer magnetosphere during the storm, providing valuable insights into the dynamics of Jupiter's atmosphere.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Alessandro Savino, Daniel R. Weisz, Evan D. Skillman, Andrew Dolphin, Andrew A. Cole, Nitya Kallivayalil, Andrew Wetzel, Jay Anderson, Gurtina Besla, Michael Boylan-Kolchin, Thomas M. Brown, James S. Bullock, Michelle L. M. Collins, M. C. Cooper, Alis J. Deason, Aaron L. Dotter, Mark Fardal, Annette M. N. Ferguson, Tobias K. Fritz, Marla C. Geha, Karoline M. Gilbert, Puragra Guhathakurta, Rodrigo Ibata, Michael J. Irwin, Myoungwon Jeon, Evan N. Kirby, Geraint F. Lewis, Dougal Mackey, Steven R. Majewski, Nicolas Martin, Alan McConnachie, Ekta Patel, R. Michael Rich, Joshua D. Simon, Sangmo Tony Sohn, Erik J. Tollerud, Roeland P. van der Marel
Summary: We present the lifetime star formation histories (SFHs) for six ultrafaint dwarf (UFD) satellite galaxies of M31 based on deep color-magnitude diagrams constructed from Hubble Space Telescope imaging. We find that most UFDs formed a significant portion of their stellar mass by z = 5, but one UFD formed a majority of its stellar mass in a rapid burst at z similar to 2-3. This discovery challenges the notion that all UFDs are quenched by reionization, as predicted by cosmological simulations.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
A. I. Krikunova, A. D. Cheshko, V. V. Krivets
Summary: Fire safety is crucial for the development of efficient and safe energy systems for space objects. This paper focuses on studying the influence of gravity on combustion processes and analyzes the dynamics of inverted conical methane-air flame under external acoustic excitation. The results show that at high excitation frequencies, the intensity of vortex generation is similar to that observed in experiments with normal gravity, indicating the dominance of acoustic mechanism. Additionally, at an external excitation frequency of 240 Hz, significant growth in shear vortex diameters and increased amplitude of perpendicular oscillations of flame branches were observed, indicating the most intensive large scale instability of flow.
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Liya Huang, Mingquan Gong, Jiarui Zhang, Kun Liang, He Yang
Summary: Metallized gel propellants with exceptional stability and remarkable shear-thinning properties were successfully synthesized by utilizing cooperative hydrogen bonding between polymer octanoyl cellulose and the small Thixatrol ST molecule.
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Clemence Poirier, Michelle Hermes, Marco Aliberti
Summary: This paper examines the role of space-based data in European climate policies and assesses the barriers to the use of space technology in climate policymaking in European countries. The research findings indicate that while satellite data is crucial for scientific research and climate policies, the role of space is not accurately reflected in European climate policies.
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Yan-mei Zhou, Ji-ping Wu, Wei Huang, Gautam Choubey
Summary: This study investigates the combustion performance of sinusoidal pulsed jets in supersonic flows using numerical simulations. It is found that the pulsed jets can significantly improve combustion efficiency.
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Wang Zhao, Shujun Tan, Yiliang Guo
Summary: This study proposes an adaptive Pogo active suppression controller design method that utilizes measured acceleration as feedback. The eigenspace transformation theory is employed to design dimensional reduced models for observer and adaptive controller, effectively addressing the issues of model parameter uncertainty and time-varying parameters. Simulation analysis of a certain type of rocket demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
A. V. Nebylov, V. A. Nebylov
Summary: This article discusses the safety issues of astronauts during the landing process and investigates how rescuers can effectively carry out rescue missions. The article also takes into account the special maritime conditions of the Vostochny cosmodrome.
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Pietro Davide Maddio, Rosario Sinatra, Alberto Meschini, Riccardo Rigato, Marco Lapi, Davide Scarozza, Alessandro Cammarata
Summary: This study aims to develop a versatile cable net generation algorithm for designing offset cable nets in parabolic reflectors. The study proposes a methodology that leverages quasi-geodesic curves and introduces two types of these curves. The study also presents various solutions for different cable net layouts and introduces a quality index based on an equilateral triangle cable net.
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Nahum Melamed, Tom Heinsheimer
Summary: Traditional methods of asteroid trajectory modification rely on impact or nuclear detonation, while centrifugal propulsion offers an alternative approach. The centrifuge system lands on the asteroid and gradually adjusts the trajectory using momentum transfer. This method allows for flexibility in operation parameters and has the potential to be used in planetary defense and other space missions.
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Andrew Barth, Ou Ma
Summary: As humans continue to explore the surfaces of the Moon and Mars, the use of distributed heterogeneous robot teams can increase the chances of success by utilizing the complementary capabilities and synergy of the team members. Effective cooperation and collaboration between the members of a robot team is crucial, but defining a metric for effective cooperation is challenging. This paper presents a method for determining reward criteria that can be used for training robot swarm through reinforcement learning techniques. The trained robot team exhibits high success rates and cooperative behavior in test environments, demonstrating the robustness and scalability of the training strategies.
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Kaijie Zhu, Qiquan Quan, Dewei Tang, Yachao Dong, Kaiyi Wang, Bo Tang, Qi Wu, Zongquan Deng
Summary: This study proposes a deployable Mars quadcopter for air patrol and sampling missions. By describing its structure, avionics architecture, and autonomous flight control method, it provides a feasible framework for future Mars flight sampling missions.
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Avishai Melamed, Adi Rao, Sarah Kreps, Erika Palmer
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Colin Hunter, Avinkrishnan Vijayachandran, Anthony M. Waas
Summary: Deployable structures inspired by origami have gained significant prominence in space applications. Recent advancements in multi-material additive manufacturing have opened new possibilities for the fabrication of monolithic structures. This paper presents a novel framework for designing deployable structures using viscoelastic hinges incorporated into rigid plates. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness and feasibility of these hinge designs in real-world applications.
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Aleksander V. Efremov, Mikhail S. Tiaglik, Aleksey S. Tiaglik, Iliyas Kh Irgaleev, Tatyana V. Voronka
Summary: Theoretical and experimental studies were conducted to determine the best kind of information presented on a predictive display for the highest accuracy in space mission execution, while considering reduced propellant consumption.
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Fuwen Liang, Long Miao, Feng Tian, Jiahui Song, Ningfei Wang, Xiao Hou
Summary: This study investigates the influence of deployment friction on the dynamic characteristics of nonconductive space tether through experimental measurement and numerical simulation. The results show that deployment friction significantly limits the uncontrolled tether deployment, while increasing the initial deployment velocity and satellite effective mass, as well as decreasing orbital altitude, can enhance the deployment capability and dynamic stability. In addition, an optimal matching relationship between tether length and satellite total mass is proposed, which is of substantial importance for the design of nonconductive space tether systems.
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Amirah R. Algethami, Colin R. McInnes, Matteo Ceriotti
Summary: This paper utilizes the Hill's approximation model to manipulate the relative motion of two asteroids by three impulses, resulting in their bound binary motion in Earth's orbit. The feasibility of this strategy is demonstrated, and potential applications for parking small captured near-Earth asteroids in Earth's orbit are discussed.