Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Letao Yang, Kapil D. Patel, Christopher Rathnam, Ramar Thangam, Yannan Hou, Heemin Kang, Ki-Bum Lee
Summary: Extracellular vesicles (e.g., exosomes) carrying various biomolecules have great potential in biomedical applications, but their heterogeneity and inefficient uptake by recipient cells are critical barriers. Multifunctional nanomaterials, such as magnetic nanomaterials, can play crucial roles in addressing these issues and enhancing the applications of extracellular vesicles.
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Qian Wu, Siyuan Fu, Hanyang Xiao, Jiaxin Du, Fang Cheng, Shuangshuang Wan, Houjuan Zhu, Dan Li, Fei Peng, Xianguang Ding, Lianhui Wang
Summary: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are important cell surrogates that have wide applications in clinical diagnosis and treatment. However, the heterogeneity and small size of EVs present technical barriers to their clinical translation. This article provides a critical overview of emerging technologies in EVs field for biomedical applications, discusses the current methods for EVs isolation and identification, and presents engineering strategies for scalable production and improved cargo loading. The superior clinical potential of EVs, particularly in terms of different cell origins and their application in the next generation of diagnostic and treatment platforms, is emphasized.
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Yiming Xu, Jessica C. Hsu, Liyun Xu, Weiyu Chen, Weibo Cai, Kai Wang
Summary: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, but the prognosis for many patients remains poor. Nanomedicine-based adjuvant therapies have emerged as promising approaches to enhance conventional treatments and protect against adverse effects. These therapies have been extensively studied in preclinical and clinical cancer treatments to improve therapeutic outcomes and overcome the limitations of traditional therapies.
JOURNAL OF NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Erica Quagliarini, Luca Digiacomo, Serena Renzi, Daniela Pozzi, Giulio Caracciolo
Summary: The study of liposome-protein corona has evolved over the past decade with multidisciplinary efforts, aiming to understand its synthetic-biological duality and applications in nanomedicine, such as targeted drug delivery, vaccination, imaging, and diagnostics. Future research directions need more attention, and it is hoped to attract the attention of researchers, entrepreneurs, and policymakers.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Panoraia Siafaka, Neslihan Ustundag Okur, Ioannis D. Karantas, Mehmet Evren Okur, Evren Atlihan Gundogdu
Summary: Nanotheranostics, as emerging diagnostic and therapeutic tools, have gained attention in the past decade for their targeted treatment and diagnostic properties, allowing real-time monitoring of therapy response and reducing the risk of dosage errors. Various imaging techniques are used for monitoring drug delivery processes, with radiolabeling of nanomaterials widely used in nuclear medicine imaging.
ASIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Xuexin Li, Weiyuan Li, Mina Wang, Zehuan Liao
Summary: Nanoparticles have emerged as a novel approach in cancer diagnosis and treatment, showing great potential in medical applications. However, more research is needed to improve their toxicity and efficacy for clinical use.
JOURNAL OF CONTROLLED RELEASE
(2021)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Y. You, C. Yang, X. Zhang, H. Lin, J. Shi
Summary: Silicene, as a rising-star 2D material, has multifaceted properties and shows great potential in biomedical applications. Through synthetic strategies and rational design of multifunctional nanomedicine, the translation of silicene materials into innovative clinical tools can be promoted.
MATERIALS TODAY NANO
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Suphalak Khamruang Marshall, Pavimol Angsantikul, Zhiqing Pang, Norased Nasongkla, Rusnah Syahila Duali Hussen, Soracha D. Thamphiwatana
Summary: The development of biomimetic drug delivery systems using cell membrane as a surface coating has attracted research attention. In this study, human red blood cell (RBC) membrane-coated nanoparticles were designed as a targeted nanotheranostic against cancer. The nanoparticles showed enhanced targeting functionality and prolonged drug release. The TT-RBC-NPs platform achieved targeted drug delivery and visualization of cancer cells, with increased cellular uptake and enhanced cytotoxic efficacy.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Hyeryeon Choi, Kwangsoon Kim
Summary: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive subtype of breast cancer. Current treatment options are limited and variable response to chemotherapy exists due to disease heterogeneity. This review discusses FDA-approved targeted therapies for TNBC, as well as novel theranostic approaches using nanocarriers. These approaches aim to improve diagnosis and treatment of TNBC by enabling targeted drug delivery and visualization of the lesion.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Khalid Khan, Chi Wei Su, Adnan Khurshid
Summary: Sustainable economic development and environmental protection are important global challenges. The study found that the circular economy has a positive impact on carbon emissions, but also negative effects in certain cases. Carbon emissions have improved the circular economy's ability to address environmental issues.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2022)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Peije Russell, Christoph Eugen Hagemeyer, Lars Esser, Nicolas Hans Voelcker
Summary: Acute thrombosis and thromboembolisms are major global diseases, placing a huge burden on health and economic systems. Theranostic nanoparticle systems have the potential to improve patient outcomes, enabling personalized and precision medicine.
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yu Cai, Xiaoyi Chen, Jingxing Si, Xiaozhou Mou, Xiaochen Dong
Summary: The development of theranostic nanoplatforms integrating imaging and therapy is crucial for cancer precision medicine. Single-component nanoparticles offer advantages of facile preparation, defined structure, and reduced risks to biological systems.
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Riham M. Abdelgalil, Yomna M. Elmorshedy, Kadria A. Elkhodairy, Mohamed Teleb, Adnan A. Bekhit, Sherine N. Khattab, Ahmed O. Elzoghby
Summary: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a devastating disease worldwide and immunotherapeutic agents have limitations due to the tumor microenvironment. Nanoparticles (NPs) can potentially reverse the immunosuppressive TME, enhance the effectiveness of immunotherapeutic agents and reduce side effects. This review summarizes recent research on nano-based immunotherapy in CRC, including its ability to remodel the TME and challenges in clinical translation.
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Junkai Zhao, Xuan Chen, Kwun-Hei Ho, Chao Cai, Cheuk-Wing Li, Mo Yang, Changqing Yi
Summary: Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic autoimmune disease that damages patients' bones and cartilage, making diagnosis and treatment crucial. The emergence of nanotechnology provides new insights, and integrating diagnosis and therapy is an ideal solution for disease management.
CHINESE CHEMICAL LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Han Wu, Hao Xing, Meng-Chao Wu, Feng Shen, Yu Chen, Tian Yang
Summary: This study utilized HCC-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) as surface nanocarriers, applying sequential nanocatalysts GOD-ESIONs@EVs (GE@EVs) for tumor-specific and cascade nanocatalytic therapy against HCC. By enhancing intracellular endocytosis and generating highly toxic hydroxyl radicals in the mildly acidic tumor microenvironment, efficient apoptosis and necrosis of HCC cells were achieved.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Karina Ratiner, Hagit Shapiro, Kim Goldenberg, Eran Elinav
Summary: Intermittent fasting is considered a promising treatment for cardiometabolic diseases and has positive effects on the gut microbiome and the host circadian clock. This review discusses the relationship between gut microbiome alterations and intermittent fasting's impact on mammalian metabolism and cardiovascular diseases, highlighting the challenges of linking bacterial signals with dietary cues and incorporating microbiome into precision medicine.
JOURNAL OF DIABETES
(2022)
Review
Physiology
Dragos Ciocan, Eran Elinav
Summary: The gut microbiota, composed of various microorganisms, has a significant impact on host metabolism and disease development. It can either have harmful effects or provide benefits to the host. Recently, therapeutic strategies targeting the gut microbiota, such as the use of engineered bacteria, have been developed to modulate the microbiota for the treatment of metabolic disorders.
Editorial Material
Nutrition & Dietetics
Avner Leshem, Eran Elinav
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2023)
Review
Microbiology
Lara Kern, Denise Kviatcovsky, Yiming He, Eran Elinav
Summary: The impact of restrictive diets on gut microbiota composition and function, as well as their overall influences on host health and disease risk, are discussed. The evidence of long-term efficacy, adverse effects, and mechanisms of activity of caloric restriction and related diets is currently incomplete.
CURRENT OPINION IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Aurelia Saftien, Jens Puschhof, Eran Elinav
Summary: This review highlights the potential role of commensal and pathogenic fungi in modulating cancer-related processes and explores the mechanisms by which fungi influence tumor biology. It discusses the prospects of using fungi-related molecular signatures in cancer diagnosis, patient stratification, and assessment of treatment responsiveness. The review also emphasizes the challenges and limitations in conducting such research. Overall, it demonstrates that fungi likely play significant roles in mucosal and tumor-residing microbiomes and suggests the potential utilization of fungal inter-kingdom interactions in cancer diagnosis and treatment.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Nuphar Veiga, Yael Diesendruck, Dan Peer
Summary: Designing a therapeutic modality with specific delivery to certain organs, tissues, or cell types is essential for efficient treatment and minimizing off-target side effects. Nanoparticles loaded with various drugs have emerged as a promising approach to achieve this goal. However, successful targeted delivery requires overcoming multiple biological barriers, such as systemic distribution, tissue penetration, and intracellular trafficking. Recent advances in understanding these barriers and functionalizing nanoparticles with targeting moieties have shown tremendous progress. Implementing new approaches like multi-functionalized nanocarriers and machine learning models can further enhance the design of safe and cell-specific nanoparticle delivery systems. This review critically examines the current progress in the field and proposes novel strategies to improve cell-specific delivery of therapeutic payloads.
JOURNAL OF CONTROLLED RELEASE
(2023)
Editorial Material
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Dan Peer
Editorial Material
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Uri Elia, Edo Kon, Dan Peer
Summary: Improved lipid nanoparticles are used to deliver CRISPR RNA to the mouse lung via inhalation.
NATURE BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jens Puschhof, Eran Elinav
Summary: Human microbiome research is transitioning from association-based studies to understanding the effects of active strains on the human body. Despite challenges, progress has been made in utilizing data-driven microbiome diagnostics and interventions, potentially leading to breakthroughs in precision medicine in the next decade.
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Dor Breier, Dan Peer
Summary: Since its discovery in 2012, the CRISPR/Cas9 system has revolutionized genome editing and shown potential as a therapy for genetic diseases and cancer. However, there are challenges to be addressed before clinical testing, including the safety of in-vivo therapies and effects on genomic stability.
BIOACTIVE MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Joke Deprez, Rein Verbeke, Sofie Meulewaeter, Ilke Aernout, Heleen Dewitte, Tine Decruy, Julie Coudenys, Julie Van Duyse, Gert Van Isterdael, Dan Peer, Roy van der Meel, Stefaan C. C. De Smedt, Peggy Jacques, Dirk Elewaut, Ine Lentacker
Summary: The therapeutic potential of liposomes for drug delivery to inflamed tissue is well-established. The main mechanism of liposomal transport into inflamed joints is believed to be selective extravasation through endothelial gaps at inflammatory sites, known as the enhanced permeation and retention effect. However, the role of blood-circulating myeloid cells in liposome uptake and delivery has been largely overlooked. A study using a collagen-induced arthritis model demonstrates that myeloid cells can transport liposomes to inflammatory sites, and their depletion significantly reduces liposomal accumulation. Contrary to the prevailing theory, the long circulation times of PEGylated liposomes actually favor uptake by myeloid cells, challenging the current understanding of synovial liposomal accumulation and highlighting the potential for alternative delivery pathways in inflammatory diseases.
NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Edo Kon, Nitay Ad-El, Inbal Hazan-Halevy, Lior Stotsky-Oterin, Dan Peer
Summary: In oncology, mRNA-lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) have been used either to achieve intratumoural expression of immune-stimulating cytokine combinations or as cancer vaccines, and new strategies are in development to enable the selective delivery of payloads into cancer cells previously considered unreachable. The authors of this Review present various approaches for delivering mRNA-LNPs to tumours and discuss improvements that will improve the selective targeting of cancer cells with mRNA-LNPs.
NATURE REVIEWS CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Hadar Bootz-Maoz, Ariel Simon, Sara Del Mare-Roumani, Yifat Bennet, Einat Toister, Hadar Romano, Danping Zheng, Sivan Amidror, Eran Elinav, Nissan Yissachar
Summary: In this study, the researchers developed an ex vivo intestinal permeability assay, X-IPA, for quantitative analysis of gut permeability dynamics. They found that specific gut microbes and metabolites can rapidly and dose-dependently increase gut permeability, providing a powerful tool for investigating barrier functions.
NPJ BIOFILMS AND MICROBIOMES
(2023)
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Lena Schorr, Marius Mathies, Eran Elinav, Jens Puschhof
Summary: Recent evidence suggests that some human cancers may contain low-biomass microbial ecosystems, including bacteria, viruses, and fungi. Bacteria, being the most studied group, are found to localize within cancer cells, immune cells, and other tumor microenvironment cell types, potentially impacting various cancer-related functions. By integrating sequencing-based and spatial techniques, the identification of bacterial tumor niches is made possible. However, proving the existence and function of intratumoral microbes in cancer remains a challenge.
NPJ BIOFILMS AND MICROBIOMES
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Sahana Asokan, Nyssa Cullin, Christoph K. Stein-Thoeringer, Eran Elinav
