Journal
IMMUNOLOGY LETTERS
Volume 163, Issue 1, Pages 69-75Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2014.10.028
Keywords
Neutralising antibody; HIV-1; HIV-2; Viral diversity; Immune escape
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Funding
- Medical Research Council UK (MRC Human Immunology Unit core grant) [G0801751]
- Li Ka Shing Foundation [LG35]
- Medical Research Council [G0801751] Funding Source: researchfish
- MRC [G0801751] Funding Source: UKRI
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A substantial proportion of people infected with HIV-2, the second causative agent of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), behave as long-term non-progressors (LTNP) and are able to control the infection more effectively than most HIV-1-infected patients. A better understanding of the differences in the natural history of HIV-1 and HIV-2 infection, and how these relate to the relative immunogenicity and evolution of the two virus strains, could provide important insights into the mechanisms of protective immunity in HIV infection. One of the most striking differences is that most people infected with HIV-2 generate high titers of broadly neutralizing antibodies, whereas this is relatively uncommon in HIV-1 infection. In this review we compare the underlying structural differences of the envelope (Env) between HIV-1 and HIV-2, and examine how these might affect the antibody responses as well as their impact on Env evolution and control of viral replication. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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