Journal
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
Volume 10, Issue 37, Pages 31178-31185Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b12286
Keywords
photoelectrochemistry; biosensing; DNA sensing; wrinkling; quantum dots; PEC sensing; shrink film; nanoparticles
Funding
- NSERC
- Ontario Ministry of Research and Innovation
- Canada Research Chairs Program
- Ontario Early Researcher Award
- NSERC PGS-D scholarship
- Canada Foundation for Innovation under the Major Science Initiative program
- McMaster University
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Photoelectrochemical (PEC) biosensors, with optical biasing and electro-chemical readout, are expected to enhance the limit-of-detection of electrochemical biosensors by lowering their background signals. However, when PEC transducers are functionalized with biorecognition layers, their current significantly decreases, which reduces their signal-to-noise ratio and dynamic range. Here, we develop and investigate a wrinkled conductive scaffold for loading photoactive quantum dots into an electrode. The wrinkled photoelectrodes demonstrate an order of magnitude enhancement in the magnitude of the transduced PEC current compared to their planar counterparts. We engineer PEC biosensors by functionalizing the wrinkled photoelectrodes with nucleic acid capture probes. We challenge the sensitivity of the wrinkled and planar biosensors with various concentrations of DNA target and observe a 200 times enhancement in the limit-of-detection for wrinkled versus planar electrodes. In addition to enhanced sensitivity, the wrinkled PEC biosensors are capable of distinguishing between fully complementary and targets with a single base-pair mismatch, demonstrating the suitability of these biosensors for use in clinical diagnostics.
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